How to configure SSL certificate into PostgreSQL 9.4? - ssl

I'm using Adempiere 360 ERP solution with Java language, Database PostgreSQL 9.4 and iReport (For reporting) and using CentOS 7 Server. Recently Vendor provide me 4 files about ssl configuration.
But i fail to configure ssl into PostgreSQL 9.4.
I follow some instruction from google but finally fail.
Need proper direction.

What steps are you following?
You have to copy your signed certificate and private key to the required locations on the database server.
Then you just have to edit postgresql.conf
ssl=on
In the pg_hba.conf change the host option to hostssl
hostssl mydb mydbuser 192.168.122.0/24 md5
Then restart your server.
Read this tutorial

Related

How to identify and fix vulnerability for TLS ROBOT on AIX server

Vulnerability scan shows that my server (server1821) is currently vulnerable to TLS ROBOT
Server is AIX.
How do I check for this vulnerability and how to fix this?
I checked with my vender and I got the reply as :
Does the scan report which ports are vulnerable? Those applications using TLS protocol with RSA ciphers need to be altered so they no longer use RSA. We need to do this at the application level.
Not sure about this suggestion.
The TLS ROBOT advisory site ((https://robotattack.org/) doesn't have any answers with respect to AIX.
A simple command shows this"
serverl1821 2 % cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config |grep -i rsa
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
serverl1821 3 %
Can anyone help me here?
Your application vendor is absolutely correct. First of all you have to ask you security guys, where they found the vulnerability. Not only the server name, but also the port.
Then the problem may be in one of the following component:
OpenSSH
OpenSSL
IBM GSKit
Java
Every of the components requires different tuning to disable RSA ciphers.
To make it more complex every application can come with their own SSL/TLS library and their own set of settings.
The vulnerability may have nothing to do with ssh. You should update GSKit package. This is the package which implement SSL/TLS in AIX. And do not forget to restart web/application server.

How do I create a tls cert for a three node server domain that covers the parent domain as well?

I'm not even sure I asked the question right...
I have three servers running minio in distributed mode. I need all three servers to run with TLS enabled. It's easy enough to run certbot, generate a cert for each node, drop said certs into /etc/minio/certs/ and go! but here's where I start running into issues.
The servers are thus:
node1.files.example.com
node2.files.example.com
node3.files.example.com
I'm launching minio using the following command:
MINIO_ACCESS_KEY=minio \
MINIO_SECRET_KEY=secret \
/usr/local/bin/minio server \
-C /etc/minio --address ":443" \
https://node{1...3}.files.example.com:443/volume/{1...4}/
This works and I am able to connect to all three servers from a webbrowser using https with good certs. however, users will connect to the server using the parent domain "files.example.com" (using distributed DNS)
I already ran certbot and generated the certs for the parent domain... and I copied the certs into /etc/minio/certs/ as well as /etc/minio/certs/CAs/ (calling both files "files.example.com-public.crt" and "files.example.com-public.key" respectively)... this did not work. when I try to open the parent domain "files.example.com" I get a cert error (chich I can bypass) indicating the certificate is for the node in which I have connected and not for the parent domain.
I'm pretty sure this is just a matter of putting the cert in the right place and naming it correctly... right? does anyone know how to do that? I also have an idea there might be a way to issue a cert that covers multiple domains... is that how I'm supposed to do this? how?
I already hit up minio's slack channel and posted on their github, but no ones replying to me. not even, "this won't work."
any ideas?
I gave up and ran certbot in manual mode. it had to install apache on one of the nodes, then certbot had me jump through a couple of minor hoops (namely it had me create a new txt record with my DNS provider, and then create a file with a text string on the server for verification). I then copied the created certs into my minio config directory (/etc/minio/certs/) on all three nodes. that's it.
to be honest, I'd rather use the plugin as it allows for an automated cert renewal, but I'll live with this for now.
You could also run all of them behind a reverse proxy to handle the TLS termination using a wildcard domain certificate (ie. *.files.example.com). The reverse proxy would centralize the certificates, DNS, and certbot script if you prefer, etc to a single node, essentially load balancing the TLS and DNS for the minio nodes. The performance hit of "load-balancing" TLS like this may be acceptable depending on your workload, considering the simplification to your current DNS and TLS cert setup.
[Digital Ocean example using nginx and certbot plugins] https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-let-s-encrypt-wildcard-certificates-with-certbot

How to use Alembic with a SSL connection?

I use Alembic to manage my migrations. My database is on AWS, and I want to connect it with SSL.
In my alembic.ini I have the lines
[production]
script_location = alembic_prod
sqlalchemy.url = mysql+pymysql://user:password#my-rds-host.eu-west-1.rds.amazonaws.com/mydatabase
Of course, it works if user have the permission to connect the base without SSL, but not otherwise.
How to require a SSL connection, and specify the certificate ?
You first need the certificate bundle -
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/CHAP_MySQL.html#MySQL.Concepts.SSLSupport
You then would add the appropriate parameter to your URL like shown here -
How to connect to mysql server with SSL from a flask app
To repeat the previous answer with more specific steps:
Download the RDS certificate bundle from https://s3.amazonaws.com/rds-downloads/rds-ca-2019-root.pem
Use the ssl_key option to point to the certificate:
sqlalchemy.url = mysql+pymysql://user:password#my-rds-host.eu-west-1.rds.amazonaws.com/mydatabase?ssl_key=/Users/DaMaill/Downloads/rds-ca-2019-root.pem

How do I make Rails use SSL to connect to PostgreSQL?

When I try to connect to the remote PostgreSQL database with a Rails 3.2 project I get this error:
FATAL: no pg_hba.conf entry for host "10.0.0.3", user "projectx", database "projectx", SSL off
My configuration on Rails looks like this:
staging:
adapter: postgresql
database: projectx
username: projectx
password: 123456
host: 10.0.0.3
encoding: utf8
template: template0
min_messages: warning
and on PostgreSQL looks like this:
hostssl all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
hostssl all all ::/0 md5
Both machines are running on an Ubuntu 12.04.
I found posts saying that it should work automatically, which clearly doesn't happen. I found some saying that libpq didn't have SSL enabled and enabling it solved the problem, but no explanation on how to enable it. I can see when I look at the dependencies of libpq that it depends on the some SSL packages, so I would assume SSL support is compiled.
Some posts recommended adding this:
sslmode: require
or this:
sslmode: enabled
to enable ssl mode, but it had no effect for me. I read that it's silently ignored.
I also tried the database string approach, ending up with:
staging:
adapter: postgresql
database: "host=10.0.0.3 dbname=projectx user=projectx password=123456 sslmode=require"
and then I got the error:
could not connect to server: No such file or directory
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"?
which seems to indicate that Rails was trying to connect to localhost or rather, the local PostgreSQL (there's none) instead of 10.0.0.3.
Any ideas?
As you wrote, normally the Ubuntu 12.x packages are set up so that SSL is activated, works out of the box, and in addition is the first method tried by rails, or any client that lets libpq deal with this stuff, which means almost all clients.
This automatic enabling is not necessarily true with other PostgreSQL packages or with a self-compiled server, so the answers or advice applying to these other contexts don't help with yours.
As your setup should work directly, this answer is a list of things to check to find out what goes wrong. Preferably, use psql first to test a connection setup rather than rails, so that generic postgresql issues can be ruled out first.
Client-side
The client-side sslmode parameter controls the sequence of connect attempts.
To voluntarily avoid SSL, a client would need to put sslmode=disable somewhere in the connection string, or PGSSLMODE=disable in the environment, or mess up with one of the other PGSSL* variables. In the unlikely case your rails process had this in its environment, that would explain the error you're getting, given that pg_hba.conf does not allow non-SSL connections.
Another reason to not try SSL is obviously when libpq is not compiled with SSL support but that's not the case with the Ubuntu packages.
The default for sslmode is prefer, described as:
prefer (default)
first try an SSL connection; if that fails, try a non-SSL connection
The SSL=off at the end of your error message relates to the last connect attempt that fails. It may be that SSL was tried and failed, or not tried at all, we can't know from this message alone. The connect attempt with SSL=off is rejected normally by the server per the policy set in pg_hba.conf (hostssl in the first column).
It's more plausible that the problem is server-side, because there are more things than can go wrong.
Server-side
Here are various things to check server-side:
There should be ssl=on in postgresql.conf (default location: /etc/postgresql/9.1/main/)
when connecting to localhost with psql, you should be greeted with a message like this:
psql (9.1.13)
SSL connection (cipher: DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, bits: 256)
Type "help" for help.
The ca-certificates package should be installed and up-to-date.
The ssl-cert package should be installed and up-to-date.
Inside the postgres data directory (/var/lib/postgresql/9.1/main by default), there should be soft links:
server.crt -> /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem or another valid certificate, and
server.key -> /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key or another valid key.
/etc/ssl/certs and parent directories should be readable and cd'able by postgres.
The postgres unix user should be in the ssl-cert unix group (check with id -a postgres) otherwise it can't read the private key.
If changing postgresql.conf, be sure that postgresql gets restarted before doing any other test.
There shouldn't be any suspicious message about SSL in /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-9.1-main.log at startup time or at the time of the failed connection attempt.
Rails uses the PG gem for postgres to connect see here for the implementation:
https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/02a3c0e771b3e09173412f93d8699d4825a366d6/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb#L881
The PG gem uses libpg (c library) and the documentation on "PG::Connection.new" found here:
http://deveiate.org/code/pg/PGconn.html
Suggests the following options:
host
server hostname
hostaddr
server address (avoids hostname lookup, overrides host)
port
server port number
dbname
connecting database name
user
login user name
password
login password
connect_timeout
maximum time to wait for connection to succeed
options
backend options
tty
(ignored in newer versions of PostgreSQL)
sslmode
(disable|allow|prefer|require)
krbsrvname
kerberos service name
gsslib
GSS library to use for GSSAPI authentication
service
service name to use for additional parameters
So this would indicate that the connection string will not work (since it is not recognised by the adapter, this might be a mysql adapter option)
Also this indicates that the sslmode=required option should work, as this is a basic feature of libpg.
So:
database.yml
staging:
...
sslmode: "require"
...
should definitely do the trick, are you sure you use staging mode? // add sslmode to the other environments too to be sure.
Also libpg uses SSL by default as first try, maybe you see the error with SSL Off because SSL mode failed first, then libpq retried without ssl and eventually raised an error.
Please check your psql version,
older version do not support slmode=require.
It worked for me after upgrading psql to the latest version.

How to create a self-signed wildcard SSL certificate for IIS 6?

I'm trying to create a self-signed wildcard SSL certificate for use on a number of development and test servers running IIS 6. Following various guides has led to a couple ways of generating the certificates, but I haven't had any luck getting it to work. The most successful ways I've had were following this OpenSSL guide and using makecert.exe like so:
makecert.exe -r -b 01/01/2009 -e 01/01/2042 -sr LocalMachine -ss MY -a sha1 -n CN="*.example.com" -sky exchange -pe -eku 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1 -sy 12 -sp "Microsoft RSA SChannel Cryptographic Provider" wildcard.cer
Both of which generate certificates that IIS 6 will accept, but when I actually try to view the site I get the following error in firefox:
Data Transfer Interrupted
The connection to dev.example.com was interrupted while the page was loading.
IE just gives:
Internet Explorer cannot display the webpage
Most likely causes:
You are not connected to the Internet.
The website is encountering problems.
There might be a typing error in the address.
This error happens whether I try to access it by domain name, machine name, localhost, local ip, or loopback ip.
So...how can I create a self-signed wildcard cert that IIS 6 will work with? Or how can I fix the problems I'm experiencing with the ones I've already created?
You can use the IIS 6 Resource Kit provided by MS, an command line app called SelfSSL. It can generate the SSL key and import it into your IIS installation.
IIS 6 Resource Kit
you can do a wildcard certificate with *.domain.local and multiple ssl protocols by using the c:\inetpub\adminscripts adsutil.vbs set w3svc[siteid]\SecureBindings ":443:name.domain.local"
Did you realize that you would need to change from "example.com" to some thing more appropriate to your situation ("localhost" might be one of them during testing).
For IIS 7 - there is a wzard to do this. It takes about 30 seconds to setup.
For IIS 6 - it's a bit trickier. It takes about 30 minutes to setup.
Which one are you using?
I strongly recommend moving to IIS 7 - it is very foreign at first, but they've made a lot of improvements.
Given that you probably can't upgrade to IIS 7, I had to do the following to implement what you want in IIS 6.
1) create certificate server
2) generate request
3) grant request
4) install certificate
It's a bit of a pain to setup the certificate authority server, but it comes with Windows Server and the walkthrough is pretty straight forward.
We discovered that the Certificate Authority wasn't being trusted because of domain settings and was causing the errors. We ended up deploying a star cert generated by a trusted CA and that cleared up the problems.