Check if 2 mesh surfaces are equal - cgal

I am trying to check if 2 mesh surfaces are equal but my method is slow.
Equal volumes.
Calculate the difference : mesh 1 - mesh 2
Check that the mesh calculated in point 2 has a null volume and a null surface.
Is there a faster method?
2 mesh surfaces are if they have same topology and same geometry.

Related

CGAL slicer doesn't output polylines in proper order

Are there any options or requirements which make
CGAL::Polygon_mesh_slicer output to be in correct order.
eg. I've loaded a mesh and converted it to CGAL::Surface_mesh. Then I've used slicer on that mesh to get list of polylines. Problem is that these polylines are not in any order CW or CCW.
To be more precise, output polylines are not consecutive
Here is a slice of a cube from the top.
o---1--o
| |
2 3
| |
o--4---o
I would expect that output will be like: 1->2->4->3 or reverse
But I got more or less 1->4->2->3
As stated here, "Each resulting polyline P is oriented such that for two consecutive points p and q in P, the normal vector of the face(s) containing the segment pq, the vector pq, and the orthogonal vector of plane is a direct orthogonal basis. The normal vector of each face is chosen to point on the side of the face where its sequence of vertices is seen counterclockwise."
So the orientation of the polylines depends on the orientation of the plane and of the mesh faces.

Calculating UV coordinates during mesh extrusion

I'm currently implementing a mesh extrusion algorithm for plane shapes, let's assume for a rectangle.
When I extrude this rectangle I create four new sides (resulting in 8 new triangles) and a new bottom for the 3d shape.
This works fine when I duplicate all vertices so that my final cube has 24 of them. But I'd like to avoid these extra vertices now so that I have only 8 vertices. Unfortunately, in this case I do not know how to calculate the UV coordinates and I keep getting wrong results as shown in the image below.
The correct result would look like this (with duplicated faces):
My first question is: Is it possible to generate a good uv map with just 8 vertices (and hence 8 uv coordinates) for a cube?
Second is: How? :)
Thanks for your help.

Compute direction of gravity vector

As I understand to compute vector of gravity not saficient to compute normal to elipsoid, but we need to computer normal to geoid?
But how to compute normal to geoid, how geoid is defined?
Wiki article say that it's represented by Spherical harmonics.
You do not need the know anything about geoids to compute the vector of gravity.
Newtonian gravity is a monopole force, so it acts between the centers of mass of the two objects. The shapes of the objects don't matter at all. Let's assume you have two objects 1 and 2 and the coordinates of the object's centers of mass are:
r_1 = (x_1,y_1,z_1) and
r_2 = (x_2,y_2,z_2)
The direction of gravitational force on object 1 from object 2 is then simply the difference between the vectors (gravity is always attractive):
r = r_2 - r_1= (x_2 - x_1,y_2 - y1,z_2 - z_1)
If object 1 is something sitting on the surface of Earth and you are looking for the normal force caused by the Earth's surface pushing back on the bottom of object 1, that normal force vector is given by the normal to the surface at that point.

The math to render a cube?

My friend and I are making a 3d rendering engine from scratch in our VB class at school, but I am not sure how the math to form the cube would work. Given six variables:
rotX
rotY
rotZ
lenX
lenY
lenZ
Which represent the rotation on x,y,z and the length on x,y,z respectively, what would be the formulas to make the cube? I know that all I have to do is calculate three segments and from those segments just create three parallelograms, so I just need the math to find what the three segments are.
Thanks!
there are 2 basic 3D object representations for both are your data is insufficient.
surface representation
objects are set of surface polygons/vertexes/...
for cube its a set of 8 points + the triangles/quads for 6 faces
analytical representation
objects are set of equations describing the object
for cube its a intersection of 6 planes
I think you are using option 1 so what you need is:
- position
- orientation
- size
usually an axis aligned cube looks like this:
const double a=1.0; //cube size;
double pnt[8][3]= //cube points
{
+a,-a,+a,
+a,+a,+a,
-a,+a,+a,
-a,-a,+a,
+a,-a,-a,
+a,+a,-a,
-a,+a,-a,
-a,-a,-a
};
int tab[24]=
{
0,1,2,3, // 1st.quad
7,6,5,4, // 2nd.quad
4,5,1,0, // 3th.quad ...
5,6,2,1,
6,7,3,2,
7,4,0,3
};
well for size and orientation you can apply transformation matrix
or directly recompute points by direction vectors
so you need to remember position (point) and orientation (3 vectors) and size (scalar)
all above can be stored in single transformation matrix 4x4
but if you want the vectors then points will be like this:
P(+a,-a,+a) -> +a*I -a*J +a*K
where I,J,K are the orientation vectors
a is cube size
P(+a,-a,+a) is original axis aligned point in table above
Option 2 is more tricky to implement and unless you really need it (ray-tracing renders) then forget about it.

Most efficient way to check if a point is in or on a convex quad polygon

I'm trying to figure out the most efficient/fast way to add a large number of convex quads (four given x,y points) into an array/list and then to check against those quads if a point is within or on the border of those quads.
I originally tried using ray casting but thought that it was a little overkill since I know that all my polygons will be quads and that they are also all convex.
currently, I am splitting each quad into two triangles that share an edge and then checking if the point is on or in each of those two triangles using their areas.
for example
Triangle ABC and test point P.
if (areaPAB + areaPAC + areaPBC == areaABC) { return true; }
This seems like it may run a little slow since I need to calculate the area of 4 different triangles to run the check and if the first triangle of the quad returns false, I have to get 4 more areas. (I include a bit of an epsilon in the check to make up for floating point errors)
I'm hoping that there is an even faster way that might involve a single check of a point against a quad rather than splitting it into two triangles.
I've attempted to reduce the number of checks by putting the polygon's into an array[,]. When adding a polygon, it checks the minimum and maximum x and y values and then using those, places the same poly into the proper array positions. When checking a point against the available polygons, it retrieves the proper list from the array of lists.
I've been searching through similar questions and I think what I'm using now may be the fastest way to figure out if a point is in a triangle, but I'm hoping that there's a better method to test against a quad that is always convex. Every polygon test I've looked up seems to be testing against a polygon that has many sides or is an irregular shape.
Thanks for taking the time to read my long winded question to what's prolly a simple problem.
I believe that fastest methods are:
1: Find mutual orientation of all vector pairs (DirectedEdge-CheckedPoint) through cross product signs. If all four signs are the same, then point is inside
Addition: for every edge
EV[i] = V[i+1] - V[i], where V[] - vertices in order
PV[i] = P - V[i]
Cross[i] = CrossProduct(EV[i], PV[i]) = EV[i].X * PV[i].Y - EV[i].Y * PV[i].X
Cross[i] value is positive, if point P lies in left semi-plane relatively to i-th edge (V[i] - V[i+1]), and negative otherwise. If all the Cross[] values are positive, then point p is inside the quad, vertices are in counter-clockwise order. f all the Cross[] values are negative, then point p is inside the quad, vertices are in clockwise order. If values have different signs, then point is outside the quad.
If quad set is the same for many point queries, then dmuir suggests to precalculate uniform line equation for every edge. Uniform line equation is a * x + b * y + c = 0. (a, b) is normal vector to edge. This equation has important property: sign of expression
(a * P.x + b * Y + c) determines semi-plane, where point P lies (as for crossproducts)
2: Split quad to 2 triangles and use vector method for each: express CheckedPoint vector in terms of basis vectors.
P = a*V1+b*V2
point is inside when a,b>=0 and their sum <=1
Both methods require about 10-15 additions, 6-10 multiplications and 2-7 comparisons (I don't consider floating point error compensation)
If you could afford to store, with each quad, the equation of each of its edges then you could save a little time over MBo's answer.
For example if you have an inward pointing normal vector N for each edge of the quad, and a constant d (which is N.p for one of the vertcies p on the edge) then a point x is in the quad if and only if N.x >= d for each edge. So thats 2 multiplications, one addition and one comparison per edge, and you'll need to perform up to 4 tests per point.This technique works for any convex polygon.