Found a problem with my site on NextJS. During development, I navigated the site using buttons and manually changing the browser address bar. It happened that I accidentally added a slash to the end, but my localhost server removed it and everything worked fine.
But everything changed when I uploaded my static application to the hosting. It automatically began to add these slashes when reloading the page. Because of this, my pictures on the site break.
As far as I understand, you need to correctly configure the .htaccess file.
Here is what it looks like now:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/$ $1.html
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/$ $1.html
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/$ /$1/$2.html
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(\.[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,5}|/)$
RewriteRule (.*)$ /$1/ [R=301,L]
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/$ $1.html
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/$ $1.html
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/$ /$1/$2.html
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(\.[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,5}|/)$
RewriteRule (.*)$ /$1/ [R=301,L]
Your existing rules are all expecting (or forcing) a trailing slash on all your URLs. So, if the canonical URL (and the URL you are linking to) does not include a trailing slash then all these rules essentially need to be reversed. However, there are other issues here (the first rule, for instance, is unconditionally rewriting the request to append the .html extension, which is repeated in the next rule with a condition.)
Try the following instead:
RewriteEngine On
# (OPTIONAL) Remove trailing slash if it happens to be on the request
# Exclude physical directories (which must end in a slash)
RewriteRule %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule (.+)/$ /$1 [R=301,L]
# Rewrite request to corresponding ".html" file if it exists
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$1.html -f
RewriteRule ^([^.]+)$ $1.html [L]
Your original directives only handled URLs with one or two path depth (eg. /foo/ or /foo/bar/). The second rule above handles any path depth (if so required). eg. /foo, /foo/bar, /foo/bar/baz etc. (no trailing slash).
As an optimisation I've assumed your URLs that require rewriting do not contain dots (that are otherwise used to delimit the file extension).
Note that the RewriteRule pattern (first argument) matches against the URL-path only (not the query string). If there is any query string on the initial request then this is simply passed through by default. (With regards to the rewrite and client-side JS, the query string is available on the initial request and should be parsed as before.)
Because of this, my pictures on the site break.
This will happen if you are using relative URLs to your images. You should really be using root-relative (starting with a slash) or absolute URLs to resolve this issue. See also:
404 not found - broken links to CSS, images
Related
Access Both URL With PHP and Non-PHP in PHP project after applying Htacces Rules
RewriteRule ^c/([a-zA-Z0-9-/]+)$ category.php?id=$1 [L]
RewriteRule ^p/([a-zA-Z0-9-/]+)$ detail.php?post=$1 [L]
Here I access both URLs like www.example.com/c/category-name and www.example.com/category.php?id=12 but I want only www.example.com/c/category-name URL. I don't Want Duplicate URLs both this page.
With your shown samples, attempts please try following htaccess rules. Make sure to clear your browser cache before testing your URLs.
RewriteEngine ON
##Internal rewrite rules.
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^(?:www\.)?example.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^c/([\w-]+)/?$ category.php?id=$1 [QSA,NC,L]
##External redirect rules.
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^(?:www\.)?example.com$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} \s/category\.php?id=(\S+)\s [NC]
RewriteRule ^ /c/%1? [R=301,L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^[^/]*/(.*)/?$ category.php?id=$1 [QSA,NC,L]
Unless you have changed an existing URL structure and category.php and/or detail.php have been indexed by search engines then you could simply force a 404 when either of these URLs are accessed directly.
For example, the following should go before your existing rewrites:
# Block direct access to "category.php" or "detail.php"
RewriteCond %{ENV:REDIRECT_STATUS} ^$
RewriteRule ^(category|detail)\.php$ - [R=404]
The check against the REDIRECT_STATUS env var ensures that we are only checking direct requests and not rewritten requests by the later rewrite.
Otherwise, if these "old" URLs have previously been indexed by search engines or linked to by third parties then you should redirect to the "new" (canonical) URLs instead. For example:
# Redirect "category.php" or "detail.php" to canonical URL
RewriteCond %{ENV:REDIRECT_STATUS} ^$
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(?:id|post)=([a-zA-Z0-9/-]+)$
RewriteRule ^(?:(c)ategory\.php|detail\.(p)hp)$ /$1/%1 [R=301,L]
I've moved the hyphen to the end of the character class (ie. from [a-zA-Z0-9-/] to [a-zA-Z0-9/-]) to avoid a potential ambiguity since hyphens are naturally special characters inside a character class.
The $1 backreference contains either c or p, depending on the request, to form the first path segment. %1 is the value captured from the URL-parameter. Importantly, this is the same regex you are using the later rewrite to match the value.
NB: Test first with a 302 (temporary) redirect to avoid potential caching issues.
It seems every few weeks I have to ask more .htaccess rewriting/redirecting questions. Every time I think I understand it, another wrench gets thrown into my project that shows that I don't.
EDIT: My original question wasn't very clear so the following is an attempt to be more concise.
As it stands, all of the .html files live in the root directory. eg: http://example.com/about.html
There aren't any sub-directories with the exception of normal ones like img, css, etc.
For tracking purposes, if someone types in http://example.com/random/ where "random" can be any string of characters, I'd want them to see the index.html file, without modifying the url. The directory "random" doesn't actually exist on the server at all.
The same goes for other pages like about.html. If someone types in http://example.com/random/about.html I'd want them to see the about.html page.
At the same time, I'd like http://example.com/random/about or http://example.com/about (missing file extension) to also show the about page.
However, if someone typed in a page that doesn't exist, I'd like for it to use the ErrorDocument
Example: I don't have a file named "pickups.html" so the following would all be 404s:
http://example.com/pickups.html
http://example.com/pickups
http://example.com/random/pickups.html
http://example.com/random/pickups
It would be nice if the end redirect/rewrite did have the file extension stripped off (because it looks nicer).
My thoughts are that any request ending with a / would just serve up the index.html file that exists at the site root. So that leaves the files.
My thought process is:
strip the file extension off of the request
check if that file with an extension exists at site root
if yes, display that page.
if no, 404.
My initial code (had help on it) was this:
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^(.+)/(.*)$ /$2 [R=301,L]
I understand that in that code I'm grabbing everything after the last slash and serving it from the document root. Unfortunately, it doesn't account for files that do not exist.
Starting with existing files, they will be passed through unchanged. This also prevents rewrite loops.
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f
RewriteRule ^ - [L]
Next are existing files, requested as part of an optional, virtual subdirectory
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$2 -f
RewriteRule ^(.+/)?(.+)$ /$2 [L]
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$2.html -f
RewriteRule ^(.+/)?(.+)$ /$2.html [L]
This splits the request into an optional prefix (.+/)? and the file part. If this file part exists, maybe with an appended .html, you're done.
Next comes anything with a trailing slash, just rewrite to index.html
RewriteRule /$ /index.html [L]
Anything else will be requests for non-existing files, which yield a 404 status code.
In order to remove an optional .html extension and remove an optional trailing slash / for existing files, we must insert two rules at the beginning
RewriteCond %{ENV:REDIRECT_STATUS} ^$
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$2.html -f
RewriteRule ^(.+/)?(.+?)\.html/?$ /$1$2 [R,L]
RewriteCond %{ENV:REDIRECT_STATUS} ^$
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$2.html -f
RewriteRule ^(.+/)?(.+?)/$ /$1$2 [R,L]
These rules are similar to the other rules, except they do a redirect R|redirect instead of a rewrite, and have an additional condition to prevent a rewrite loop.
Putting everything together gives
RewriteCond %{ENV:REDIRECT_STATUS} ^$
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$2.html -f
RewriteRule ^(.+/)?(.+?)\.html/?$ /$1$2 [R,L]
RewriteCond %{ENV:REDIRECT_STATUS} ^$
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$2.html -f
RewriteRule ^(.+/)?(.+?)/$ /$1$2 [R,L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f
RewriteRule ^ - [L]
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$2 -f
RewriteRule ^(.+/)?(.+)$ /$2 [L]
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$2.html -f
RewriteRule ^(.+/)?(.+)$ /$2.html [L]
RewriteRule /$ /index.html [L]
I'm currently working on a project powered by a home-made CMS and I'm experiencing some issues with URL rewriting.
Here's the thing: all the website is centralized around the index.php located in the main directory. Depending on what he gets thought the URL, the index.php displays the right page (the pages are included from a inc/pages/ folder)
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (.+)/$
RewriteRule ^ %1 [L,R=301]
RewriteRule ^([A-Za-z0-9-]+)/?$ index.php?page=$1 [NC]
For a single parameter, it works great. http://demo.com/subscribe/ or demo.com/subscribe does transmit a $_GET['page'] to the index.
For some pages, I do need a second parameter. So it's not required for each single pages. Per example, http://demo.com/edit/I-love-Stackoverflow should transmit a $_GET['snd_param')
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (.+)/$
RewriteRule ^ %1 [L,R=301]
RewriteRule ^([A-Za-z0-9-]+)/([A-Za-z0-9-]+)?$ index.php?page=$1&snd_param=$2 [NC]
I tried this but this isn't working well. First, if the second parameter is not mentioned (demo.com/edit) it's not working. The index doesn't receive the right $_GET['page']. Secondly, when the second parameter is mentionned, it "works" but apache believes this is a directory. My index page is then located in the fictive "I-love-Stackoverflow" folder and loading the CSS, images and javascript fails.
I hope I explained my issue pretty clearly ! Thanks in advance for helping me
You should treat the rules separately. All Conditions preceding rules only apply to a single rule, so basically the second RewriteRule is not executed at all.
You can use something like this:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)$ index.php?page=$1 [L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/([^/]+)$ index.php?page=$1&snd_param=$2 [L]
My index page is then located in the fictive "I-love-Stackoverflow"
folder and loading the CSS, images and javascript fails.
You are probably load your assets using relative paths, so the browser only knows for the unmodified url ( http://demo.com/edit/I-love-Stackoverflow ) in your case, and the wrong urls are created when browser load the assets. If you load resources with absolute paths instead of relative, you will be okay.
I am adding a directory to a website that is served with Apache 2 that I want to drop the .html extension from incoming requests. In /new-directory I have a .htaccess file containing:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^([^\.]+)$ $1.html [NC,L]
So with this rule /new-directory/page works, but /new-directory/page.html also works, which I don't want. I want all pages in new-directory/ and sub-directories to only serve pages without .html, and return a 404 not found if a page.html request comes in.
These are new pages so I don't care about redirecting.
Edit:
Forgot to mention that there is only one file in /new-directory (/new-directory/dhandler) - a Perl script that parses the incoming url if there is a matching database entry. There are no files to match so I can drop that condition.
Figured it out, my fault that I didn't explain that there is only one default file handler in /new-directory which lead to some confusion, see edit above - anyway this worked:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^([^\.]+)$ $1.html [NC,L]
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} .*\.html[\s\?]{1}
RewriteRule .*\.html$ - [R=404,L]
What messed me up was that sometimes these urls will have query strings so I have to check for both space and ? to match .html in %{THE_REQUEST}.
EDIT: If someone has actual .html files in a directory(instead of one file that dynamically handles all requests like I do) then they should probably add:
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f
right after 'RewriteEngine On' To make sure that the incoming request matches an existing file in /new-directory.
You need a couple of rules to do this:
RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}.html -f
RewriteRule (.*) $1.html [NC,L]
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} .*\.html\s
RewriteRule .*\.html$ - [R=404,L]
The first one checks that there is actually an html file that corresponds to the request. If it does, it will internally rewrite the request to that.
The second rule will redirect anything that ends .html to a 404 not found.
Place this code in /new-directory/.htaccess:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /new-directory/
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} /(?:index)?(.*?)\.html[\s?] [NC]
RewriteRule ^ %1 [R=301,L,NE]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
#RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/new-directory/$1\.html -f [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.+?)/?$ $1.html [L]
I wrote the following rule in .htaccess
Options +FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ profile.php?business=$1
When i enter the URL like
http://www.abc.com/mujeeb/
page is correctly transfered to profiles page and page looks fine.
But i enter this in URL
http://www.abc.com/mujeeb
page doesn't show.
Can you please tell why? Or write the rule for this? i tried many times but not sucessful.
Mujeeb.
page doesn't show. because you specified that you RewriteRule is applied to the URL's ending with / at the end. Rewrite it as
RewriteRule ^(.*)/?$ profile.php?business=$1 [L]
And I hope that you have additional RewriteCond statements in order to prevent the infinite loop with redirects.
ps: basically you can prevent loop in two way
1) checks that requested url does not correspond to the existing file or directory. it is, probably, the best way to do (read comments to the second method)
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)/?$ profile.php?business=$1 [L]
2) checks that you are requesting not the file from RewriteRule. This method is not good, because for each request, even for existing files and directories, it calls profile.php script
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !profile\.php$
RewriteRule ^(.*)/?$ profile.php?business=$1 [L]
It is because you check for the trailing slash with ^(.*)/$. If you add a question mark, the trailing slash will be optional.
RewriteCond %{ENV:REDIRECT_STATUS} ^$
RewriteRule ^(.*)/?$ profile.php?business=$1
The RewriteCond is neccessary to make sure the Rule will only be applied once. Otherwise Apache will be caught in an infinite loop.
Try this:
Options +FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^(.*)[/]?$ profile.php?business=$1
That makes the last slash optional.
Well you rule is checking for a trailing slash in URI and that's the reason /mujeeb/ works but /mujeeb does not. Change your code to:
Options +FollowSymLinks -MultiViews
# Turn mod_rewrite on
RewriteEngine On
# If the request is not for a valid file
#RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
# If the request is not for a valid directory
#RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
# your rule without trailing slash
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ profile.php?business=$1 [L,QSA]
Plenty of good answers already. My answer is a bit different.
This is what I usually do. If the requested URL doesn't end with a /, I make the browser redirect to a URL with the trailing /. This is consistent with the default behaviour of Apache (due to mod_dir). So, this is how I solve this problem.
RewriteEngine On
# Canonicalize http://example.com/mujeeb to http://example.com/mujeeb/
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)([^/])$ /$1$2/ [R=307,L]
# Let profile.php process http://example.com/mujeeb/
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ profile.php?business=$1