select columns without having them in the group by - sql

Question

I have a table when the sample data is as below
Date
name
IP
In IP
Out IP
session
activity
2/9/2023
X
123
123
Null
1
in
2/9/2023
X
123
Null
123
1
out
2/8/2023
Y
143
null
143
2
out
2/8/2023
Y
153
153
null
2
in
2/8/2023
X
163
163
null
3
in
2/8/2023
X
163
null
163
3
out
By grouping by name, ip and session with date & activity. I am able to get the records needed.
select
name,
ip,
max(case when activity = 'in' then date end) in
max(case when activity = 'out' then date end) out
from view
group by name, ip, session
Generally In IP & Out IP are same.but at times like case for name=y , in IP and out ip are different so i need to get IN IP and OUT IP as well at the result.
How can use this group by and get the other two columns as well?
https://dbfiddle.uk/zzNpjP3f

Answer 1

Not quite sure what exactly you want. With your sample data...
WITH
tbl (A_DATE, A_NAME, IP, IP_IN, IP_OUT, A_SESSION, ACTIVITY) AS
(
Select To_Date('02/09/2023', 'mm/dd/yyyy'), 'X', 123, 123, Null, 1, 'in' From Dual Union All
Select To_Date('02/09/2023', 'mm/dd/yyyy'), 'X', 123, Null, 123, 1, 'out' From Dual Union All
Select To_Date('02/08/2023', 'mm/dd/yyyy'), 'Y', 143, Null, 143, 2, 'out' From Dual Union All
Select To_Date('02/08/2023', 'mm/dd/yyyy'), 'Y', 153, 153, Null, 2, 'in' From Dual Union All
Select To_Date('02/08/2023', 'mm/dd/yyyy'), 'X', 163, 163, Null, 3, 'in' From Dual Union All
Select To_Date('02/08/2023', 'mm/dd/yyyy'), 'X', 163, Null, 163, 3, 'out' From Dual
)
... you could do a small transformation to get all the rows with some transformed columns like here..
Select
A_NAME, IP, IP_IN, IP_OUT, A_SESSION, ACTIVITY,
CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN IP_IN END "IP_IN",
CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN A_DATE END "IN_DATE",
CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN IP_OUT END "IP_OUT",
CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN A_DATE END "OUT_DATE"
From
tbl
R e s u l t :
A_NAME IP IP_IN IP_OUT A_SESSION ACTIVITY IP_IN IN_DATE IP_OUT OUT_DATE
------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
X 123 123 1 in 123 09-FEB-23
X 123 123 1 out 123 09-FEB-23
Y 143 143 2 out 143 08-FEB-23
Y 153 153 2 in 153 08-FEB-23
X 163 163 3 in 163 08-FEB-23
X 163 163 3 out 163 08-FEB-23
... with the resulting dataset you can do either aggregation with group by or you can use analytic functions to get what you want...
Option 1 - aggregate
Select
A_NAME, IP, A_SESSION,
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN IP_IN END) "IP_IN",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN A_DATE END) "IN_DATE",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN IP_OUT END) "IP_OUT",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN A_DATE END) "OUT_DATE"
From
tbl
Group By
A_NAME, IP, A_SESSION
A_NAME IP A_SESSION IP_IN IN_DATE IP_OUT OUT_DATE
------ ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
Y 153 2 153 08-FEB-23
X 163 3 163 08-FEB-23 163 08-FEB-23
Y 143 2 143 08-FEB-23
X 123 1 123 09-FEB-23 123 09-FEB-23
Option 2 - aggregate
Select
A_NAME, IP,
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN IP_IN END) "IP_IN",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN A_DATE END) "IN_DATE",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN IP_OUT END) "IP_OUT",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN A_DATE END) "OUT_DATE"
From
tbl
Group By
A_NAME, IP
A_NAME IP IP_IN IN_DATE IP_OUT OUT_DATE
------ ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
X 163 163 08-FEB-23 163 08-FEB-23
X 123 123 09-FEB-23 123 09-FEB-23
Y 153 153 08-FEB-23
Y 143 143 08-FEB-23
Option 2A - IN_DATE as VARCHAR2 (from comments)
Select A_NAME, IP,
IP_IN, CASE WHEN IN_DATE IS NULL THEN 'SESSION CLOSED' ELSE To_Char(IN_DATE, 'dd.mm.yyyy') END "IN_DATE",
IP_OUT, OUT_DATE
From
(
Select
A_NAME, IP,
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN IP_IN END) "IP_IN",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN A_DATE END) "IN_DATE",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN IP_OUT END) "IP_OUT",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN A_DATE END) "OUT_DATE"
From
tbl
Group By
A_NAME, IP
)
A_NAME IP IP_IN IN_DATE IP_OUT OUT_DATE
------ ---------- ---------- -------------- ---------- ---------
X 163 163 08.02.2023 163 08-FEB-23
X 123 123 09.02.2023 123 09-FEB-23
Y 153 153 08.02.2023
Y 143 SESSION CLOSED 143 08-FEB-23
Option 3 - analytic
Select
A_NAME, IP, A_SESSION,
CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN IP_IN END "MAX_IP_IN",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN A_DATE END) OVER(Partition By A_NAME, IP) "IN_DATE",
CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN IP_OUT END "MAAX_IP_OUT",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN A_DATE END) OVER(Partition By A_NAME, IP) "OUT_DATE"
From
tbl
A_NAME IP A_SESSION MAX_IP_IN IN_DATE MAAX_IP_OUT OUT_DATE
------ ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------- ---------
X 123 1 123 09-FEB-23 09-FEB-23
X 123 1 09-FEB-23 123 09-FEB-23
X 163 3 08-FEB-23 163 08-FEB-23
X 163 3 163 08-FEB-23 08-FEB-23
Y 143 2 143 08-FEB-23
Y 153 2 153 08-FEB-23
Option 4 - analytic
Select
A_NAME, IP, A_SESSION,
CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN IP_IN END "MAX_IP_IN",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'in' THEN A_DATE END) OVER(Partition By A_NAME, IP, ACTIVITY) "IN_DATE",
CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN IP_OUT END "MAAX_IP_OUT",
MAX(CASE WHEN ACTIVITY = 'out' THEN A_DATE END) OVER(Partition By A_NAME, IP, ACTIVITY) "OUT_DATE"
From
tbl
A_NAME IP A_SESSION MAX_IP_IN IN_DATE MAAX_IP_OUT OUT_DATE
------ ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------- ---------
X 123 1 123 09-FEB-23
X 123 1 123 09-FEB-23
X 163 3 163 08-FEB-23
X 163 3 163 08-FEB-23
Y 143 2 143 08-FEB-23
Y 153 2 153 08-FEB-23
... and so on... using (maybe) different functions not just MAX() (aggregate or analytic) with different Group By / Partition By

Answer 2

Right now you have a result row per name, ip, and session (GROUP BY name, ip, session). From your explanation I gather that you rather want a result row per name, and session only (GROUP BY name, session).
As to getting the IN/OUT IPs, use the same method as for the IN/OUT dates:
select
name,
max(case when activity = 'in' then date end) as in_date,
max(case when activity = 'out' then date end) as out_date,
max(case when activity = 'in' then in_ip end) as in_ip,
max(case when activity = 'out' then out_ip end) as out_ip
from view
group by name, session
order by name, session;

Answer 3

Well, you may use max, min, sum, avg and other group functions with the clause over (partition by ...).
See: MAX() OVER PARTITION BY in Oracle SQL
https://forums.oracle.com/ords/apexds/post/max-from-multiple-column-and-group-by-8269

Answer 4

Assuming that you are looking for in/out pairs of of entries on a day then, from Oracle 12, you an use MATCH_RECOGNIZE for row-by-row pattern matching:
SELECT user_1, in_ip, in_time, out_ip, out_time
FROM (
SELECT v.*,
TRUNC(date_column) AS day
FROM view_table v
)
MATCH_RECOGNIZE(
PARTITION BY user_1, day
ORDER BY date_column
MEASURES
user_in.ip AS in_ip,
user_in.date_column AS in_time,
user_out.ip AS out_ip,
user_out.date_column AS out_time
PATTERN ( user_in user_out? | user_out user_in? )
DEFINE
user_in AS activity = 'IN',
user_out AS activity = 'OUT'
)
Which, for the sample data:
CREATE TABLE view_TABLE (date_column, user_1,ip, in_ip,out_ip,session_1,activity) AS
SELECT DATE '2023-02-09' + INTERVAL '15:06' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'X', 123, 123, NULL, 1, 'IN' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2023-02-09' + INTERVAL '15:08' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'X', 123, NULL, 123, 1, 'OUT' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2023-02-08' + INTERVAL '16:08' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'Y', 143, NULL, 143, 2, 'OUT' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2023-02-08' + INTERVAL '16:04' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'Y', 153, 153, NULL, 2, 'IN' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2023-02-08' + INTERVAL '12:45' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'X', 163, 163, NULL, 3, 'IN' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2023-02-08' + INTERVAL '12:48' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'X', 163, NULL, 163, 3, 'OUT' FROM DUAL;
Outputs:
USER_1
IN_IP
IN_TIME
OUT_IP
OUT_TIME
X
163
2023-02-08 12:45:00
163
2023-02-08 12:48:00
X
123
2023-02-09 15:06:00
123
2023-02-09 15:08:00
Y
153
2023-02-08 16:04:00
143
2023-02-08 16:08:00
fiddle