I am facing a strange issue,
I have the following SQL table definition,
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[ParameterValue]
(
[ParameterValueID] INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1, 1),
[ParameterID] INT NULL,
[FieldDefinitionID] INT NULL,
[ParameterValue] VARCHAR(2000) NULL,
[ParameterValueTypeID] SMALLINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
)
GO
-- Constraints and Indexes
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[ParameterValue] ADD CONSTRAINT [Pk_ParameterValue_ParameterValueID] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([ParameterValueID])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[ParameterValue] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_ParameterValue_Parameter] FOREIGN KEY ([ParameterID]) REFERENCES [Parameter]([ParameterID])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[ParameterValue] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_ParameterValue_FieldDefinition] FOREIGN KEY ([FieldDefinitionID]) REFERENCES [FieldDefinition]([FieldDefinitionID])
GO
I noticed that in the table creation script, only the Primary key constraint is added; foreign key constraints are missing completely.
So the resultant table is created without the foreign keys.
What is the cause behind this?
Note: SQL Server Version --> 13.0.5103.6
Related
I have no idea why I get an error when putting the foreing keys in MariaDB
I drop the full database if it exists
drop database if exists proveedoresCarrito;
create database proveedoresCarrito;
use proveedoresCarrito;
And now I'm going to create the tables
CREATE TABLE INVENTARIO (
NUMPIEZA CHAR(16) NOT NULL,
NUMBIN SMALLINT NOT NULL,
CANTDISPONIBLE SMALLINT,
FECHARECUENTO DATE,
PERIODORECUEN SMALLINT,
CANTAJUSTE SMALLINT,
CARTREORD SMALLINT,
PUNTOREORD SMALLINT);
CREATE TABLE LINPED (
NUMPEDIDO SMALLINT NOT NULL,
NUMLINEA SMALLINT NOT NULL,
NUMPIEZA CHAR(16),
PRECIOCOMPRA INTEGER,
CANTPEDIDA SMALLINT,
FECHARECEP DATE,
CANTRECIBIDA SMALLINT);
CREATE TABLE PEDIDO (
NUMPEDIDO SMALLINT NOT NULL,
NUMVEND SMALLINT,
FECHA DATE);
CREATE TABLE PIEZA (
NUMPIEZA CHAR(16) NOT NULL,
NOMPIEZA CHAR(30),
PRECIOVENT INTEGER);
CREATE TABLE PRECIOSUM (
NUMPIEZA CHAR(16) NOT NULL,
NUMVEND SMALLINT NOT NULL,
PRECIOUNIT INTEGER,
DIASSUM SMALLINT,
DESCUENTO SMALLINT);
CREATE TABLE VENDEDOR (
NUMVEND SMALLINT NOT NULL,
NOMVEND CHAR(30),
NOMBRECOMER CHAR(30),
TELEFONO CHAR(15),
CALLE CHAR(30),
CIUDAD CHAR(20),
PROVINCIA CHAR(20),
COD_POSTAL CHAR(5));
create table usuarios(
nombre SMALLINT NOT NULL,
pass CHAR(15)
);
I Set up the primary keys
ALTER TABLE INVENTARIO ADD CONSTRAINT CP_INVENTARIO PRIMARY KEY (NUMBIN);
ALTER TABLE LINPED ADD CONSTRAINT CP_LINPED PRIMARY KEY (NUMPEDIDO, NUMLINEA);
ALTER TABLE PEDIDO ADD CONSTRAINT CP_PEDIDO PRIMARY KEY (NUMPEDIDO);
ALTER TABLE PIEZA ADD CONSTRAINT CP_PIEZA PRIMARY KEY (NUMPIEZA);
ALTER TABLE PRECIOSUM ADD CONSTRAINT CP_PRECIOSUM PRIMARY KEY (NUMPIEZA, NUMVEND);
ALTER TABLE VENDEDOR ADD CONSTRAINT CP_VENDEDOR PRIMARY KEY (NUMVEND);
AND FINALLY i set up the foreign keys
ALTER TABLE INVENTARIO ADD CONSTRAINT CP_INVENTARIO PRIMARY KEY (NUMBIN);
ALTER TABLE LINPED ADD CONSTRAINT CP_LINPED PRIMARY KEY (NUMPEDIDO, NUMLINEA);
ALTER TABLE PEDIDO ADD CONSTRAINT CP_PEDIDO PRIMARY KEY (NUMPEDIDO);
ALTER TABLE PIEZA ADD CONSTRAINT CP_PIEZA PRIMARY KEY (NUMPIEZA);
ALTER TABLE PRECIOSUM ADD CONSTRAINT CP_PRECIOSUM PRIMARY KEY (NUMPIEZA, NUMVEND);
ALTER TABLE VENDEDOR ADD CONSTRAINT CP_VENDEDOR PRIMARY KEY (NUMVEND);
ALTER TABLE usuarios ADD CONSTRAINT CA_VENDEDOR_USUARIOS_NOMBRE FOREIGN KEY (nombre) REFERENCES VENDEDOR(NUMVEND);
ALTER TABLE usuarios ADD CONSTRAINT CA_VENDEDOR_USUARIOS_PASS FOREIGN KEY (pass) REFERENCES VENDEDOR(TELEFONO);
However, all the foreign keys work correctly except for the last two
when i run the sql script i get this error:
Error de SQL (1822): Failed to add the foreign key constaint. Missing index for constraint 'CA_VENDEDOR_USUARIOS_PASS' in the referenced table 'vendedor'
if I drop the last two foreign keys the error disappears
Anyone can give me a solution?
Look closely at your "set up the foreign keys" code. It creates primary keys again (except the two last lines).
Table usuarios seems to have no primary key.
ALTER TABLE usuarios ADD CONSTRAINT CP_usuarios PRIMARY KEY (nombre);
Delete the first 6 lines and keep only these
ALTER TABLE usuarios ADD CONSTRAINT CA_VENDEDOR_USUARIOS_NOMBRE
FOREIGN KEY (nombre)
REFERENCES VENDEDOR(NUMVEND);
ALTER TABLE usuarios ADD CONSTRAINT CA_VENDEDOR_USUARIOS_PASS
FOREIGN KEY (pass)
REFERENCES VENDEDOR(TELEFONO);
Also (and this is what generates your error), you are trying to add a foreign key to a column VENDEDOR(TELEFONO) which is not a primary key nor has a UNIQUE constraint.
According to Microsoft:
A foreign key constraint does not have to be linked only to a primary key constraint in another table; it can also be defined to reference the columns of a UNIQUE constraint in another table.
See: Create Foreign Key Relationships
Add this before creating the foreign keys:
ALTER TABLE VENDEDOR ADD CONSTRAINT UX_telefono UNIQUE (TELEFONO);
A foreign key has to reference always a primary key.
For you to reference the table VENDEDOR you should use the columns that compose its PK. In this example, NUMVEND.
If you need any suggestions on what to do, i'd have to know what are your intentions on this DB structure.
I have two tables, and I want HEDE2 columns as FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES by HEDE table. FOR creating second table it will not allow because its having warning:
More than one key specified in column level FOREIGN KEY constraint, table 'HEDE2'.
But when I tried to ALTER TABLE HEDE2 for FOREIGN KEY it allows me to do that. Is anybody knows WHY this happens. Is this a bug?
CREATE TABLE cascde.HEDE
(
HedeID INT,
HedeID2 INT,
HedeID3 INT
CONSTRAINT PK_HEDE
PRIMARY KEY (HedeID, HedeID2, HedeID3)
)
GO
CREATE TABLE HEDE2
(
Hede2ID INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1) ,
HedeID INT,
HedeID2 INT,
HedeID3 INT
CONSTRAINT FK_HedeID
FOREIGN KEY (HedeID, Hede2ID, HedeID3)
REFERENCES cascde.HEDE (HedeID, HedeID2, HedeID3)
ON UPDATE NO ACTION
ON DELETE NO ACTION
)
Altering table HEDE 2 for foreign key. This allows me to do that:
ALTER TABLE cascde.HEDE2
ADD CONSTRAINT FK_HEDE
FOREIGN KEY(HedeID, HedeID2, HedeID3)
REFERENCES cascde.HEDE (HedeID, HedeID2, HedeID3)
ON UPDATE NO ACTION
ON DELETE NO ACTION
GO
You're missing a comma (,) after HedeID3 INT in the CREATE TABLE version.
Is there anything in this DDL statement that could cause the system to hang and create long running query?
-- Abort on any error
SET XACT_ABORT ON
GO
-- FUll isolation
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE
GO
BEGIN TRANSACTION
GO
CREATE TABLE ClientPayerCrosswalkMapping
(
id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) NOT NULL,
lbxid INT NOT NULL,
ClientPayerID NVARCHAR(80),
CONSTRAINT PK_ClientPayerCrosswalkMapping_ID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id),
CONSTRAINT UN_lbxid UNIQUE(lbxid),
CONSTRAINT FK_LockboxDocumentTracking FOREIGN KEY (lbxid)
REFERENCES LockboxDocumentTracking(lbxid)
);
GO
This is on SQL Server 2005, at that time system was under moderate load.
This is new table so why would the system hang, my only suspicion is that the table have a CONSTRAINT
Try this without creating any transaction:
CREATE TABLE ClientPayerCrosswalkMapping
(
id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) NOT NULL,
lbxid INT NOT NULL,
ClientPayerID NVARCHAR(80),
CONSTRAINT PK_ClientPayerCrosswalkMapping_ID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id),
CONSTRAINT UN_lbxid UNIQUE(lbxid),
CONSTRAINT FK_LockboxDocumentTracking FOREIGN KEY (lbxid)
REFERENCES LockboxDocumentTracking(lbxid)
);
I have forgot create a primary key for my table. Now I want to update the DocDay_Id column and make it the primary key. How can I do it?
My code is below.
I tried this syntax but it is not correct.
ALTER TABLE DoctorDays
ALTER COLUMN DocDay_Id int IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL
Create table DoctorDays
(
DocDay_Id int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
Doc_Id int FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES Doctor(Doc_Id) NOT NULL,
Day_Id int FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES Dayss(Day_Id) NOT NULL
)
To create a clustered primary key on an existing table:
ALTER TABLE DoctorDays ADD CONSTRAINT PK_DocDays
PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (DocDay_Id);
To create a non clustered primary key on an existing table:
ALTER TABLE DoctorDays ADD CONSTRAINT PK_DocDays
PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED (DocDay_Id);
FIDDLE DEMO HERE
See the document in below link:
Alter Statement Documents
I had to write the SQL to create the tables, attributes, and primary & foreign keys in this ERD:
http://imgur.com/VYZbwr6
In the table 'Financial_Transactions' in the ERD there is a attribute called 'previous_transaction_id' and another attribute called 'transaction_id'. In this table 'previous_transaction_id' is a Foreign Key for this table in addition to being an attribute. It references the last 'transaction_id' in the table.
Here is my SQL for the 'financial_transactions' table:
CREATE TABLE financial_transactions(
transaction_id int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
account_id int NOT NULL,
item_rental_id int NOT NULL,
previous_transaction_id int,
transaction_type_code int NOT NULL,
transaction_date date NOT NULL,
transaction_amount money NOT NULL,
transaction_comment varchar(512) NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE financial_transactions ADD CONSTRAINT pk_financial_transactions PRIMARY KEY (transaction_id);
ALTER TABLE financial_transactions ADD CONSTRAINT fk_financial_transactions_accounts FOREIGN KEY(account_id)
REFERENCES accounts (account_id);
ALTER TABLE financial_transactions ADD CONSTRAINT fk_financial_transactions_customer_rentals FOREIGN KEY(item_rental_id)
REFERENCES customer_rentals (item_rental_id);
ALTER TABLE financial_transactions ADD CONSTRAINT fk_financial_transactions_financial_transactions FOREIGN KEY(previous_transaction_id)
REFERENCES financial_transactions (previous_transaction_id);
ALTER TABLE financial_transactions ADD CONSTRAINT fk_financial_transactions_transaction_types FOREIGN KEY(transaction_type_code)
REFERENCES transaction_types (transaction_type_code);
When I run my SQL (includes statements for each table in the script) I get these errors:
"Msg 1776, Level 16, State 0, Line 87
There are no primary or candidate keys in the referenced table 'financial_transactions' that match the referencing column list in the foreign key 'fk_financial_transactions_financial_transactions'.
Msg 1750, Level 16, State 0, Line 87
Could not create constraint. See previous errors."
All other statements execute normally.
What am I doing wrong?
*I used this statement originally under CREATE TABLE: previous_transaction_id int NOT NULL,
However, it resulted in the same error and when searching I saw a similar question that was fixed by removing the NOT NULL.
Here
ALTER TABLE financial_transactions ADD CONSTRAINT
fk_financial_transactions_financial_transactions
FOREIGN KEY(previous_transaction_id)
REFERENCES financial_transactions (previous_transaction_id);
You have a column referencing itself. Was that your intent or did you want to reference the transaction_id?
There is nothing wrong with defining a foreign key to the same table but you have a column referencing itself.
Try replacing:
ALTER TABLE financial_transactions ADD CONSTRAINT fk_financial_transactions_financial_transactions FOREIGN KEY(previous_transaction_id)
REFERENCES financial_transactions (previous_transaction_id);
With:
ALTER TABLE financial_transactions ADD CONSTRAINT fk_financial_transactions_financial_transactions FOREIGN KEY(previous_transaction_id)
REFERENCES financial_transactions (transaction_id);