Unable to compile tensorflow lite examples on adafruit circuitplayground bluefruit due to missing files in Adafruit_Tensorflow_Lite library - tensorflow

I am unable to compile the examples , hello_world_arcada and micro_speech_arcada shown below , on the adafruit website found here on my Circuit playground bluefruit microcontroller:
I installed the Adafruit_Tensorflow_Lite library as mentioned in the site however it turns out that examples cannot compile because they have numerous missing files. So i downloaded this tensorflow git hub repo and then transfered the missing files into the Adafruit_Tensorflow_Lite library.
I am now facing this error for the missing files : am_bsp.h ,am_mcu_apollo.h , am_util.h , i cannot locate these files on the repo or on google.[Note: i have found the am_bsp.h file in this repo
but it still doesnt compile.
Can anyone assist me in locating where i can find these files or a way to compile the example code mentioned in the adafruit website ?
The error is shown in the pic below of the missing file am_bsp.h when using Arduino IDE to compile:
My code is shown below:
#include <TensorFlowLite.h>
#include "Adafruit_TFLite.h"
#include "Adafruit_Arcada.h"
#include "output_handler.h"
#include "sine_model_data.h"
// Create an area of memory to use for input, output, and intermediate arrays.
// Finding the minimum value for your model may require some trial and error.
const int kTensorAreaSize (2 * 1024);
// This constant represents the range of x values our model was trained on,
// which is from 0 to (2 * Pi). We approximate Pi to avoid requiring additional
// libraries.
const float kXrange = 2.f * 3.14159265359f;
// Will need tuning for your chipset
const int kInferencesPerCycle = 200;
int inference_count = 0;
Adafruit_Arcada arcada;
Adafruit_TFLite ada_tflite(kTensorAreaSize);
// The name of this function is important for Arduino compatibility.
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
//while (!Serial) yield();
arcada.arcadaBegin();
// If we are using TinyUSB we will have the filesystem show up!
arcada.filesysBeginMSD();
arcada.filesysListFiles();
// Set the display to be on!
arcada.displayBegin();
arcada.setBacklight(255);
arcada.display->fillScreen(ARCADA_BLUE);
if (! ada_tflite.begin()) {
arcada.haltBox("Failed to initialize TFLite");
while (1) yield();
}
if (arcada.exists("model.tflite")) {
arcada.infoBox("Loading model.tflite from disk!");
if (! ada_tflite.loadModel(arcada.open("model.tflite"))) {
arcada.haltBox("Failed to load model file");
}
} else if (! ada_tflite.loadModel(g_sine_model_data)) {
arcada.haltBox("Failed to load default model");
}
Serial.println("\nOK");
// Keep track of how many inferences we have performed.
inference_count = 0;
}
// The name of this function is important for Arduino compatibility.
void loop() {
// Calculate an x value to feed into the model. We compare the current
// inference_count to the number of inferences per cycle to determine
// our position within the range of possible x values the model was
// trained on, and use this to calculate a value.
float position = static_cast<float>(inference_count) /
static_cast<float>(kInferencesPerCycle);
float x_val = position * kXrange;
// Place our calculated x value in the model's input tensor
ada_tflite.input->data.f[0] = x_val;
// Run inference, and report any error
TfLiteStatus invoke_status = ada_tflite.interpreter->Invoke();
if (invoke_status != kTfLiteOk) {
ada_tflite.error_reporter->Report("Invoke failed on x_val: %f\n",
static_cast<double>(x_val));
return;
}
// Read the predicted y value from the model's output tensor
float y_val = ada_tflite.output->data.f[0];
// Output the results. A custom HandleOutput function can be implemented
// for each supported hardware target.
HandleOutput(ada_tflite.error_reporter, x_val, y_val);
// Increment the inference_counter, and reset it if we have reached
// the total number per cycle
inference_count += 1;
if (inference_count >= kInferencesPerCycle) inference_count = 0;
}

Try to install the library from below link, it should solve your problems,
https://github.com/tensorflow/tflite-micro-arduino-examples#how-to-install

Related

Parallel Dynamic Programming with CUDA

It is my first attempt to implement recursion with CUDA. The goal is to extract all the combinations from a set of chars "12345" using the power of CUDA to parallelize dynamically the task. Here is my kernel:
__device__ char route[31] = { "_________________________"};
__device__ char init[6] = { "12345" };
__global__ void Recursive(int depth) {
// up to depth 6
if (depth == 5) return;
// newroute = route - idx
int x = depth * 6;
printf("%s\n", route);
int o = 0;
int newlen = 0;
for (int i = 0; i<6; ++i)
{
if (i != threadIdx.x)
{
route[i+x-o] = init[i];
newlen++;
}
else
{
o = 1;
}
}
Recursive<<<1,newlen>>>(depth + 1);
}
__global__ void RecursiveCount() {
Recursive <<<1,5>>>(0);
}
The idea is to exclude 1 item (the item corresponding to the threadIdx) in each different thread. In each recursive call, using the variable depth, it works over a different base (variable x) on the route device variable.
I expect the kernel prompts something like:
2345_____________________
1345_____________________
1245_____________________
1234_____________________
2345_345_________________
2345_245_________________
2345_234_________________
2345_345__45_____________
2345_345__35_____________
2345_345__34_____________
..
2345_245__45_____________
..
But it prompts ...
·_____________
·_____________
·_____________
·_____________
·_____________
·2345
·2345
·2345
·2345
...
What I´m doing wrong?
What I´m doing wrong?
I may not articulate every problem with your code, but these items should get you a lot closer.
I recommend providing a complete example. In my view it is basically required by Stack Overflow, see item 1 here, note use of the word "must". Your example is missing any host code, including the original kernel call. It's only a few extra lines of code, why not include it? Sure, in this case, I can deduce what the call must have been, but why not just include it? Anyway, based on the output you indicated, it seems fairly evident the launch configuration of the host launch would have to be <<<1,1>>>.
This doesn't seem to be logical to me:
I expect the kernel prompts something like:
2345_____________________
The very first thing your kernel does is print out the route variable, before making any changes to it, so I would expect _____________________. However we can "fix" this by moving the printout to the end of the kernel.
You may be confused about what a __device__ variable is. It is a global variable, and there is only one copy of it. Therefore, when you modify it in your kernel code, every thread, in every kernel, is attempting to modify the same global variable, at the same time. That cannot possibly have orderly results, in any thread-parallel environment. I chose to "fix" this by making a local copy for each thread to work on.
You have an off-by-1 error, as well as an extent error in this loop:
for (int i = 0; i<6; ++i)
The off-by-1 error is due to the fact that you are iterating over 6 possible items (that is, i can reach a value of 5) but there are only 5 items in your init variable (the 6th item being a null terminator. The correct indexing starts out over 0-4 (with one of those being skipped). On subsequent iteration depths, its necessary to reduce this indexing extent by 1. Note that I've chosen to fix the first error here by increasing the length of init. There are other ways to fix, of course. My method inserts an extra _ between depths in the result.
You assume that at each iteration depth, the correct choice of items is the same, and in the same order, i.e. init. However this is not the case. At each depth, the choices of items must be selected not from the unchanging init variable, but from the choices passed from previous depth. Therefore we need a local, per-thread copy of init also.
A few other comments about CUDA Dynamic Parallelism (CDP). When passing pointers to data from one kernel scope to a child scope, local space pointers cannot be used. Therefore I allocate for the local copy of route from the heap, so it can be passed to child kernels. init can be deduced from route, so we can use an ordinary local variable for myinit.
You're going to quickly hit some dynamic parallelism (and perhaps memory) limits here if you continue this. I believe the total number of kernel launches for this is 5^5, which is 3125 (I'm doing this quickly, I may be mistaken). CDP has a pending launch limit of 2000 kernels by default. We're not hitting this here according to what I see, but you'll run into that sooner or later if you increase the depth or width of this operation. Furthermore, in-kernel allocations from the device heap are by default limited to 8KB. I don't seem to be hitting that limit, but probably I am, so my design should probably be modified to fix that.
Finally, in-kernel printf output is limited to the size of a particular buffer. If this technique is not already hitting that limit, it will soon if you increase the width or depth.
Here is a worked example, attempting to address the various items above. I'm not claiming it is defect free, but I think the output is closer to your expectations. Note that due to character limits on SO answers, I've truncated/excerpted some of the output.
$ cat t1639.cu
#include <stdio.h>
__device__ char route[31] = { "_________________________"};
__device__ char init[7] = { "12345_" };
__global__ void Recursive(int depth, const char *oroute) {
char *nroute = (char *)malloc(31);
char myinit[7];
if (depth == 0) memcpy(myinit, init, 6);
else memcpy(myinit, oroute+(depth-1)*6, 6);
myinit[6] = 0;
if (nroute == NULL) {printf("oops\n"); return;}
memcpy(nroute, oroute, 30);
nroute[30] = 0;
// up to depth 6
if (depth == 5) return;
// newroute = route - idx
int x = depth * 6;
//printf("%s\n", nroute);
int o = 0;
int newlen = 0;
for (int i = 0; i<(6-depth); ++i)
{
if (i != threadIdx.x)
{
nroute[i+x-o] = myinit[i];
newlen++;
}
else
{
o = 1;
}
}
printf("%s\n", nroute);
Recursive<<<1,newlen>>>(depth + 1, nroute);
}
__global__ void RecursiveCount() {
Recursive <<<1,5>>>(0, route);
}
int main(){
RecursiveCount<<<1,1>>>();
cudaDeviceSynchronize();
}
$ nvcc -o t1639 t1639.cu -rdc=true -lcudadevrt -arch=sm_70
$ cuda-memcheck ./t1639
========= CUDA-MEMCHECK
2345_____________________
1345_____________________
1245_____________________
1235_____________________
1234_____________________
2345__345________________
2345__245________________
2345__235________________
2345__234________________
2345__2345_______________
2345__345___45___________
2345__345___35___________
2345__345___34___________
2345__345___345__________
2345__345___45____5______
2345__345___45____4______
2345__345___45____45_____
2345__345___45____5______
2345__345___45____5_____5
2345__345___45____4______
2345__345___45____4_____4
2345__345___45____45____5
2345__345___45____45____4
2345__345___35____5______
2345__345___35____3______
2345__345___35____35_____
2345__345___35____5______
2345__345___35____5_____5
2345__345___35____3______
2345__345___35____3_____3
2345__345___35____35____5
2345__345___35____35____3
2345__345___34____4______
2345__345___34____3______
2345__345___34____34_____
2345__345___34____4______
2345__345___34____4_____4
2345__345___34____3______
2345__345___34____3_____3
2345__345___34____34____4
2345__345___34____34____3
2345__345___345___45_____
2345__345___345___35_____
2345__345___345___34_____
2345__345___345___45____5
2345__345___345___45____4
2345__345___345___35____5
2345__345___345___35____3
2345__345___345___34____4
2345__345___345___34____3
2345__245___45___________
2345__245___25___________
2345__245___24___________
2345__245___245__________
2345__245___45____5______
2345__245___45____4______
2345__245___45____45_____
2345__245___45____5______
2345__245___45____5_____5
2345__245___45____4______
2345__245___45____4_____4
2345__245___45____45____5
2345__245___45____45____4
2345__245___25____5______
2345__245___25____2______
2345__245___25____25_____
2345__245___25____5______
2345__245___25____5_____5
2345__245___25____2______
2345__245___25____2_____2
2345__245___25____25____5
2345__245___25____25____2
2345__245___24____4______
2345__245___24____2______
2345__245___24____24_____
2345__245___24____4______
2345__245___24____4_____4
2345__245___24____2______
2345__245___24____2_____2
2345__245___24____24____4
2345__245___24____24____2
2345__245___245___45_____
2345__245___245___25_____
2345__245___245___24_____
2345__245___245___45____5
2345__245___245___45____4
2345__245___245___25____5
2345__245___245___25____2
2345__245___245___24____4
2345__245___245___24____2
2345__235___35___________
2345__235___25___________
2345__235___23___________
2345__235___235__________
2345__235___35____5______
2345__235___35____3______
2345__235___35____35_____
2345__235___35____5______
2345__235___35____5_____5
2345__235___35____3______
2345__235___35____3_____3
2345__235___35____35____5
2345__235___35____35____3
2345__235___25____5______
2345__235___25____2______
2345__235___25____25_____
2345__235___25____5______
2345__235___25____5_____5
2345__235___25____2______
2345__235___25____2_____2
2345__235___25____25____5
2345__235___25____25____2
2345__235___23____3______
2345__235___23____2______
2345__235___23____23_____
2345__235___23____3______
2345__235___23____3_____3
2345__235___23____2______
2345__235___23____2_____2
2345__235___23____23____3
2345__235___23____23____2
2345__235___235___35_____
2345__235___235___25_____
2345__235___235___23_____
2345__235___235___35____5
2345__235___235___35____3
2345__235___235___25____5
2345__235___235___25____2
2345__235___235___23____3
2345__235___235___23____2
2345__234___34___________
2345__234___24___________
2345__234___23___________
2345__234___234__________
2345__234___34____4______
2345__234___34____3______
2345__234___34____34_____
2345__234___34____4______
2345__234___34____4_____4
2345__234___34____3______
2345__234___34____3_____3
2345__234___34____34____4
2345__234___34____34____3
2345__234___24____4______
2345__234___24____2______
2345__234___24____24_____
2345__234___24____4______
2345__234___24____4_____4
2345__234___24____2______
2345__234___24____2_____2
2345__234___24____24____4
2345__234___24____24____2
2345__234___23____3______
2345__234___23____2______
2345__234___23____23_____
2345__234___23____3______
2345__234___23____3_____3
2345__234___23____2______
2345__234___23____2_____2
2345__234___23____23____3
2345__234___23____23____2
2345__234___234___34_____
2345__234___234___24_____
2345__234___234___23_____
2345__234___234___34____4
2345__234___234___34____3
2345__234___234___24____4
2345__234___234___24____2
2345__234___234___23____3
2345__234___234___23____2
2345__2345__345__________
2345__2345__245__________
2345__2345__235__________
2345__2345__234__________
2345__2345__345___45_____
2345__2345__345___35_____
2345__2345__345___34_____
2345__2345__345___45____5
2345__2345__345___45____4
2345__2345__345___35____5
2345__2345__345___35____3
2345__2345__345___34____4
2345__2345__345___34____3
2345__2345__245___45_____
2345__2345__245___25_____
2345__2345__245___24_____
2345__2345__245___45____5
2345__2345__245___45____4
2345__2345__245___25____5
2345__2345__245___25____2
2345__2345__245___24____4
2345__2345__245___24____2
2345__2345__235___35_____
2345__2345__235___25_____
2345__2345__235___23_____
2345__2345__235___35____5
2345__2345__235___35____3
2345__2345__235___25____5
2345__2345__235___25____2
2345__2345__235___23____3
2345__2345__235___23____2
2345__2345__234___34_____
2345__2345__234___24_____
2345__2345__234___23_____
2345__2345__234___34____4
2345__2345__234___34____3
2345__2345__234___24____4
2345__2345__234___24____2
2345__2345__234___23____3
2345__2345__234___23____2
1345__345________________
1345__145________________
1345__135________________
1345__134________________
1345__1345_______________
1345__345___45___________
1345__345___35___________
1345__345___34___________
1345__345___345__________
1345__345___45____5______
1345__345___45____4______
1345__345___45____45_____
1345__345___45____5______
1345__345___45____5_____5
1345__345___45____4______
1345__345___45____4_____4
1345__345___45____45____5
1345__345___45____45____4
1345__345___35____5______
1345__345___35____3______
1345__345___35____35_____
1345__345___35____5______
1345__345___35____5_____5
1345__345___35____3______
1345__345___35____3_____3
1345__345___35____35____5
1345__345___35____35____3
1345__345___34____4______
1345__345___34____3______
1345__345___34____34_____
1345__345___34____4______
1345__345___34____4_____4
1345__345___34____3______
1345__345___34____3_____3
1345__345___34____34____4
1345__345___34____34____3
1345__345___345___45_____
1345__345___345___35_____
1345__345___345___34_____
1345__345___345___45____5
1345__345___345___45____4
1345__345___345___35____5
1345__345___345___35____3
1345__345___345___34____4
1345__345___345___34____3
1345__145___45___________
1345__145___15___________
1345__145___14___________
1345__145___145__________
1345__145___45____5______
1345__145___45____4______
1345__145___45____45_____
1345__145___45____5______
1345__145___45____5_____5
1345__145___45____4______
1345__145___45____4_____4
1345__145___45____45____5
1345__145___45____45____4
1345__145___15____5______
1345__145___15____1______
1345__145___15____15_____
1345__145___15____5______
1345__145___15____5_____5
1345__145___15____1______
1345__145___15____1_____1
1345__145___15____15____5
1345__145___15____15____1
1345__145___14____4______
1345__145___14____1______
1345__145___14____14_____
1345__145___14____4______
1345__145___14____4_____4
1345__145___14____1______
1345__145___14____1_____1
1345__145___14____14____4
1345__145___14____14____1
1345__145___145___45_____
1345__145___145___15_____
1345__145___145___14_____
1345__145___145___45____5
1345__145___145___45____4
1345__145___145___15____5
1345__145___145___15____1
1345__145___145___14____4
1345__145___145___14____1
1345__135___35___________
1345__135___15___________
1345__135___13___________
1345__135___135__________
1345__135___35____5______
1345__135___35____3______
1345__135___35____35_____
1345__135___35____5______
1345__135___35____5_____5
1345__135___35____3______
1345__135___35____3_____3
1345__135___35____35____5
1345__135___35____35____3
1345__135___15____5______
1345__135___15____1______
1345__135___15____15_____
1345__135___15____5______
1345__135___15____5_____5
1345__135___15____1______
1345__135___15____1_____1
1345__135___15____15____5
1345__135___15____15____1
1345__135___13____3______
1345__135___13____1______
1345__135___13____13_____
1345__135___13____3______
1345__135___13____3_____3
1345__135___13____1______
1345__135___13____1_____1
1345__135___13____13____3
1345__135___13____13____1
1345__135___135___35_____
1345__135___135___15_____
1345__135___135___13_____
1345__135___135___35____5
1345__135___135___35____3
1345__135___135___15____5
1345__135___135___15____1
1345__135___135___13____3
1345__135___135___13____1
1345__134___34___________
1345__134___14___________
1345__134___13___________
1345__134___134__________
1345__134___34____4______
1345__134___34____3______
1345__134___34____34_____
1345__134___34____4______
1345__134___34____4_____4
1345__134___34____3______
1345__134___34____3_____3
1345__134___34____34____4
1345__134___34____34____3
1345__134___14____4______
1345__134___14____1______
1345__134___14____14_____
1345__134___14____4______
1345__134___14____4_____4
1345__134___14____1______
1345__134___14____1_____1
1345__134___14____14____4
1345__134___14____14____1
1345__134___13____3______
1345__134___13____1______
1345__134___13____13_____
1345__134___13____3______
1345__134___13____3_____3
1345__134___13____1______
1345__134___13____1_____1
1345__134___13____13____3
1345__134___13____13____1
1345__134___134___34_____
1345__134___134___14_____
1345__134___134___13_____
1345__134___134___34____4
1345__134___134___34____3
1345__134___134___14____4
1345__134___134___14____1
1345__134___134___13____3
1345__134___134___13____1
1345__1345__345__________
1345__1345__145__________
1345__1345__135__________
1345__1345__134__________
1345__1345__345___45_____
1345__1345__345___35_____
1345__1345__345___34_____
1345__1345__345___45____5
1345__1345__345___45____4
1345__1345__345___35____5
1345__1345__345___35____3
1345__1345__345___34____4
1345__1345__345___34____3
1345__1345__145___45_____
1345__1345__145___15_____
1345__1345__145___14_____
1345__1345__145___45____5
1345__1345__145___45____4
1345__1345__145___15____5
1345__1345__145___15____1
1345__1345__145___14____4
1345__1345__145___14____1
1345__1345__135___35_____
1345__1345__135___15_____
1345__1345__135___13_____
1345__1345__135___35____5
1345__1345__135___35____3
1345__1345__135___15____5
1345__1345__135___15____1
1345__1345__135___13____3
1345__1345__135___13____1
1345__1345__134___34_____
1345__1345__134___14_____
1345__1345__134___13_____
1345__1345__134___34____4
1345__1345__134___34____3
1345__1345__134___14____4
1345__1345__134___14____1
1345__1345__134___13____3
1345__1345__134___13____1
1245__245________________
1245__145________________
1245__125________________
1245__124________________
1245__1245_______________
1245__245___45___________
1245__245___25___________
1245__245___24___________
1245__245___245__________
1245__245___45____5______
1245__245___45____4______
1245__245___45____45_____
1245__245___45____5______
1245__245___45____5_____5
1245__245___45____4______
1245__245___45____4_____4
1245__245___45____45____5
1245__245___45____45____4
1245__245___25____5______
1245__245___25____2______
1245__245___25____25_____
1245__245___25____5______
1245__245___25____5_____5
1245__245___25____2______
1245__245___25____2_____2
1245__245___25____25____5
1245__245___25____25____2
1245__245___24____4______
1245__245___24____2______
1245__245___24____24_____
1245__245___24____4______
1245__245___24____4_____4
1245__245___24____2______
1245__245___24____2_____2
1245__245___24____24____4
1245__245___24____24____2
1245__245___245___45_____
1245__245___245___25_____
1245__245___245___24_____
1245__245___245___45____5
1245__245___245___45____4
1245__245___245___25____5
1245__245___245___25____2
1245__245___245___24____4
1245__245___245___24____2
1245__145___45___________
1245__145___15___________
1245__145___14___________
1245__145___145__________
1245__145___45____5______
1245__145___45____4______
1245__145___45____45_____
1245__145___45____5______
1245__145___45____5_____5
1245__145___45____4______
...
1235__1235__235___25_____
1235__1235__235___23_____
1235__1235__235___35____5
1235__1235__235___35____3
1235__1235__235___25____5
1235__1235__235___25____2
1235__1235__235___23____3
1235__1235__235___23____2
1235__1235__135___35_____
1235__1235__135___15_____
1235__1235__135___13_____
1235__1235__135___35____5
1235__1235__135___35____3
1235__1235__135___15____5
1235__1235__135___15____1
1235__1235__135___13____3
1235__1235__135___13____1
1235__1235__125___25_____
1235__1235__125___15_____
1235__1235__125___12_____
1235__1235__125___25____5
1235__1235__125___25____2
1235__1235__125___15____5
1235__1235__125___15____1
1235__1235__125___12____2
1235__1235__125___12____1
1235__1235__123___23_____
1235__1235__123___13_____
1235__1235__123___12_____
1235__1235__123___23____3
1235__1235__123___23____2
1235__1235__123___13____3
1235__1235__123___13____1
1235__1235__123___12____2
1235__1235__123___12____1
1234__234________________
1234__134________________
1234__124________________
1234__123________________
1234__1234_______________
1234__234___34___________
1234__234___24___________
1234__234___23___________
1234__234___234__________
1234__234___34____4______
1234__234___34____3______
1234__234___34____34_____
1234__234___34____4______
1234__234___34____4_____4
1234__234___34____3______
1234__234___34____3_____3
1234__234___34____34____4
1234__234___34____34____3
1234__234___24____4______
1234__234___24____2______
1234__234___24____24_____
1234__234___24____4______
1234__234___24____4_____4
1234__234___24____2______
1234__234___24____2_____2
1234__234___24____24____4
1234__234___24____24____2
1234__234___23____3______
1234__234___23____2______
1234__234___23____23_____
1234__234___23____3______
1234__234___23____3_____3
1234__234___23____2______
1234__234___23____2_____2
1234__234___23____23____3
1234__234___23____23____2
1234__234___234___34_____
1234__234___234___24_____
1234__234___234___23_____
1234__234___234___34____4
1234__234___234___34____3
1234__234___234___24____4
1234__234___234___24____2
1234__234___234___23____3
1234__234___234___23____2
1234__134___34___________
1234__134___14___________
1234__134___13___________
1234__134___134__________
1234__134___34____4______
1234__134___34____3______
1234__134___34____34_____
1234__134___34____4______
1234__134___34____4_____4
1234__134___34____3______
1234__134___34____3_____3
1234__134___34____34____4
1234__134___34____34____3
1234__134___14____4______
1234__134___14____1______
1234__134___14____14_____
1234__134___14____4______
1234__134___14____4_____4
1234__134___14____1______
1234__134___14____1_____1
1234__134___14____14____4
1234__134___14____14____1
1234__134___13____3______
1234__134___13____1______
1234__134___13____13_____
1234__134___13____3______
1234__134___13____3_____3
1234__134___13____1______
1234__134___13____1_____1
1234__134___13____13____3
1234__134___13____13____1
1234__134___134___34_____
1234__134___134___14_____
1234__134___134___13_____
1234__134___134___34____4
1234__134___134___34____3
1234__134___134___14____4
1234__134___134___14____1
1234__134___134___13____3
1234__134___134___13____1
1234__124___24___________
1234__124___14___________
1234__124___12___________
1234__124___124__________
1234__124___24____4______
1234__124___24____2______
1234__124___24____24_____
1234__124___24____4______
1234__124___24____4_____4
1234__124___24____2______
1234__124___24____2_____2
1234__124___24____24____4
1234__124___24____24____2
1234__124___14____4______
1234__124___14____1______
1234__124___14____14_____
1234__124___14____4______
1234__124___14____4_____4
1234__124___14____1______
1234__124___14____1_____1
1234__124___14____14____4
1234__124___14____14____1
1234__124___12____2______
1234__124___12____1______
1234__124___12____12_____
1234__124___12____2______
1234__124___12____2_____2
1234__124___12____1______
1234__124___12____1_____1
1234__124___12____12____2
1234__124___12____12____1
1234__124___124___24_____
1234__124___124___14_____
1234__124___124___12_____
1234__124___124___24____4
1234__124___124___24____2
1234__124___124___14____4
1234__124___124___14____1
1234__124___124___12____2
1234__124___124___12____1
1234__123___23___________
1234__123___13___________
1234__123___12___________
1234__123___123__________
1234__123___23____3______
1234__123___23____2______
1234__123___23____23_____
1234__123___23____3______
1234__123___23____3_____3
1234__123___23____2______
1234__123___23____2_____2
1234__123___23____23____3
1234__123___23____23____2
1234__123___13____3______
1234__123___13____1______
1234__123___13____13_____
1234__123___13____3______
1234__123___13____3_____3
1234__123___13____1______
1234__123___13____1_____1
1234__123___13____13____3
1234__123___13____13____1
1234__123___12____2______
1234__123___12____1______
1234__123___12____12_____
1234__123___12____2______
1234__123___12____2_____2
1234__123___12____1______
1234__123___12____1_____1
1234__123___12____12____2
1234__123___12____12____1
1234__123___123___23_____
1234__123___123___13_____
1234__123___123___12_____
1234__123___123___23____3
1234__123___123___23____2
1234__123___123___13____3
1234__123___123___13____1
1234__123___123___12____2
1234__123___123___12____1
1234__1234__234__________
1234__1234__134__________
1234__1234__124__________
1234__1234__123__________
1234__1234__234___34_____
1234__1234__234___24_____
1234__1234__234___23_____
1234__1234__234___34____4
1234__1234__234___34____3
1234__1234__234___24____4
1234__1234__234___24____2
1234__1234__234___23____3
1234__1234__234___23____2
1234__1234__134___34_____
1234__1234__134___14_____
1234__1234__134___13_____
1234__1234__134___34____4
1234__1234__134___34____3
1234__1234__134___14____4
1234__1234__134___14____1
1234__1234__134___13____3
1234__1234__134___13____1
1234__1234__124___24_____
1234__1234__124___14_____
1234__1234__124___12_____
1234__1234__124___24____4
1234__1234__124___24____2
1234__1234__124___14____4
1234__1234__124___14____1
1234__1234__124___12____2
1234__1234__124___12____1
1234__1234__123___23_____
1234__1234__123___13_____
1234__1234__123___12_____
1234__1234__123___23____3
1234__1234__123___23____2
1234__1234__123___13____3
1234__1234__123___13____1
1234__1234__123___12____2
1234__1234__123___12____1
========= ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors
$
The answer given by Robert Crovella is correct at the 5th point, the mistake was in the using of init in every recursive call, but I want to clarify something that can be useful for other beginners with CUDA.
I used this variable because when I tried to launch a child kernel passing a local variable I always got the exception: Error: a pointer to local memory cannot be passed to a launch as an argument.
As I´m C# expert developer I´m not used to using pointers (Ref does the low-level-work for that) so I thought there was no way to do it in CUDA/c programming.
As Robert shows in its code it is possible copying the pointer with memalloc for using it as a referable argument.
Here is a kernel simplified as an example of deep recursion.
__device__ char init[6] = { "12345" };
__global__ void Recursive(int depth, const char* route) {
// up to depth 6
if (depth == 5) return;
//declaration for a referable argument (point 6)
char* newroute = (char*)malloc(6);
memcpy(newroute, route, 5);
int o = 0;
int newlen = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < (6 - depth); ++i)
{
if (i != threadIdx.x)
{
newroute[i - o] = route[i];
newlen++;
}
else
{
o = 1;
}
}
printf("%s\n", newroute);
Recursive <<<1, newlen>>>(depth + 1, newroute);
}
__global__ void RecursiveCount() {
Recursive <<<1, 5>>>(0, init);
}
I don't add the main call because I´m using ManagedCUDA for C# but as Robert says it can be figured-out how the call RecursiveCount is.
About ending arrays of char with /0 ... sorry but I don't know exactly what is the benefit; this code works fine without them.

Problems connecting to the input pins of GMFBridge Sink Filter

I am experiencing a strange problem when trying to use the GMFBridge filter with the output of an Euresys UxH264 card.
I am trying to integrate this card into our solution, that relies on GMFBridge to handle the ability of continuous capture to multiple files, performing muxing and file-splitting without having to stop the capture graph.
This card captures video and audio from analog inputs. It provides a DirectShow filter exposing both a raw stream of the video input and a hardware-encoded H.264 stream. The audio stream is provided as an uncompressed stream only.
When I attempt to directly connect any of the output pins of the Euresys source filters to the input pins of the GMFBridge Sink, they get rejected, with the code VFW_E_NO_ALLOCATOR. (In the past I have successfully connected both H.264 and raw audio streams to the bridge).
Grasping at straws, I plugged in a pair of SampleGrabber filters between the Euresys card filters and the bridge sink filter, and -just like that- the connections between sample grabbers and sink were accepted.
However, I am not getting any packets on the other side of the bridge (the muxing graph). I inspected the running capture graph with GraphStudioNext and somehow the sample grabbers appear detached from my graph, even though I got successful confirmations when I connected them to the source filter!.
Here's the source code creating the graph.
void EuresysSourceBox::BuildGraph() {
HRESULT hRes;
CComPtr<IGraphBuilder> pGraph;
COM_CALL(pGraph.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph));
#ifdef REGISTER_IN_ROT
_rotEntry1 = FilterTools::RegisterGraphInROT(IntPtr(pGraph), "euresys graph");
#endif
// [*Video Source*]
String^ filterName = "Ux H.264 Visual Source";
Guid category = _GUIDToGuid((GUID)AM_KSCATEGORY_CAPTURE);
FilterMonikerList^ videoSourceList = FilterTools::GetFilterMonikersByName(category, filterName);
CComPtr<IBaseFilter> pVideoSource;
int monikerIndex = config->BoardIndex; // a filter instance will be retrieved for every installed board
clr_scoped_ptr<CComPtr<IMoniker>>^ ppVideoSourceMoniker = videoSourceList[monikerIndex];
COM_CALL((*ppVideoSourceMoniker->get())->BindToObject(NULL, NULL, IID_IBaseFilter, (void**)&pVideoSource));
COM_CALL(pGraph->AddFilter(pVideoSource, L"VideoSource"));
// [Video Source]
//
// [*Audio Source*]
filterName = "Ux H.264 Audio Encoder";
FilterMonikerList^ audioSourceList = FilterTools::GetFilterMonikersByName(category, filterName);
CComPtr<IBaseFilter> pAudioSource;
clr_scoped_ptr<CComPtr<IMoniker>>^ ppAudioSourceMoniker = audioSourceList[monikerIndex];
COM_CALL((*ppAudioSourceMoniker->get())->BindToObject(NULL, NULL, IID_IBaseFilter, (void**)&pAudioSource));
COM_CALL(pGraph->AddFilter(pAudioSource, L"AudioSource"));
CComPtr<IPin> pVideoCompressedOutPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pVideoSource, "Encoded"));
CComPtr<IPin> pAudioOutPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pAudioSource, "Audio"));
CComPtr<IBaseFilter> pSampleGrabber;
COM_CALL(pSampleGrabber.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SampleGrabber));
COM_CALL(pGraph->AddFilter(pSampleGrabber, L"SampleGrabber"));
CComPtr<IPin> pSampleGrabberInPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pSampleGrabber, "Input"));
COM_CALL(pGraph->ConnectDirect(pVideoCompressedOutPin, pSampleGrabberInPin, NULL)); // DOES NOT FAIL!!
CComPtr<IBaseFilter> pSampleGrabber2;
COM_CALL(pSampleGrabber2.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SampleGrabber));
COM_CALL(pGraph->AddFilter(pSampleGrabber2, L"SampleGrabber2"));
CComPtr<IPin> pSampleGrabber2InPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pSampleGrabber2, "Input"));
COM_CALL(pGraph->ConnectDirect(pAudioOutPin, pSampleGrabber2InPin, NULL)); // DOES NOT FAIL!!
// [Video Source]---
// |-->[*Bridge Sink*]
// [Audio Source]---
CComPtr<IPin> pSampleGrabberOutPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pSampleGrabber, "Output"));
CComPtr<IPin> pSampleGrabber2OutPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pSampleGrabber2, "Output"));
CreateGraphBridge(
IntPtr(pGraph),
IntPtr(pSampleGrabberOutPin),
IntPtr(pSampleGrabber2OutPin)
);
// Root graph to parent object
_ppCaptureGraph.reset(new CComPtr<IGraphBuilder>(pGraph));
}
COM_CALL is my HRESULT checking macro, it will raise a managed exception if the result is other than S_OK. So the connection between pins succeeded, but here is how the graph looks disjointed when it is running:
So, I have three questions:
1) What could VFW_E_NO_ALLOCATOR mean in this instance? (the source filter can be successfully connected to other components such as LAV Video decoder or ffdshow video decoder).
2) Is there a known workaround to circumvent the VFW_E_NO_ALLOCATOR problem?
3) Is it possible that a filter gets disconnected at runtime as it seems to be happening in my case?
I found a reference by Geraint Davies giving a reason as to why the GMFBridge sink filter may be rejecting the connection.
It looks as though the parser is insisting on using its own allocator
-- this is common with parsers where the output samples are merely pointers into the input samples. However, the bridge cannot implement
suspend mode without using its own allocator, so a copy is required.
With this information, I decided to create an ultra simple CTransformFilter filter that simply accepts the allocator offered by the bridge and copies to the output sample whatever comes in from the input sample. I am not 100% sure that what I did was right, but it is working now. I could successfully plug-in the Euresys card as part of my capture infrastructure.
For reference, if anyone experiences something similar, here is the code of the filter I created:
class SampleCopyGeneratorFilter : public CTransformFilter {
protected:
HRESULT CheckInputType(const CMediaType* mtIn) override { return S_OK; }
HRESULT GetMediaType(int iPosition, CMediaType* pMediaType) override;
HRESULT CheckTransform(const CMediaType *mtIn, const CMediaType *mtOut) override { return S_OK; }
HRESULT DecideBufferSize(IMemAllocator *pAlloc, ALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES *pProp) override;
HRESULT Transform(IMediaSample *pSource, IMediaSample *pDest) override;
public:
SampleCopyGeneratorFilter();
};
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SampleCopyGeneratorFilter::SampleCopyGeneratorFilter()
: CTransformFilter(NAME("SampleCopyGeneratorFilter"), NULL, GUID_NULL)
{
}
HRESULT SampleCopyGeneratorFilter::GetMediaType(int iPosition, CMediaType* pMediaType) {
HRESULT hRes;
ASSERT(m_pInput->IsConnected());
if( iPosition < 0 )
return E_INVALIDARG;
CComPtr<IPin> connectedTo;
COM_CALL(m_pInput->ConnectedTo(&connectedTo));
CComPtr<IEnumMediaTypes> pMTEnumerator;
COM_CALL(connectedTo->EnumMediaTypes(&pMTEnumerator));
AM_MEDIA_TYPE* pIteratedMediaType;
for( int i = 0; i <= iPosition; i++ ) {
if( pMTEnumerator->Next(1, &pIteratedMediaType, NULL) != S_OK )
return VFW_S_NO_MORE_ITEMS;
if( i == iPosition )
*pMediaType = *pIteratedMediaType;
DeleteMediaType(pIteratedMediaType);
}
return S_OK;
}
HRESULT SampleCopyGeneratorFilter::DecideBufferSize(IMemAllocator *pAlloc, ALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES *pProp) {
HRESULT hRes;
AM_MEDIA_TYPE mt;
COM_CALL(m_pInput->ConnectionMediaType(&mt));
try {
BITMAPINFOHEADER* pBMI = HEADER(mt.pbFormat);
pProp->cbBuffer = DIBSIZE(*pBMI); // format is compressed, uncompressed size should be enough
if( !pProp->cbAlign )
pProp->cbAlign = 1;
pProp->cbPrefix = 0;
pProp->cBuffers = 4;
ALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES actualProperties;
COM_CALL(pAlloc->SetProperties(pProp, &actualProperties));
if( pProp->cbBuffer > actualProperties.cbBuffer )
return E_FAIL;
return S_OK;
} finally{
FreeMediaType(mt);
}
}
HRESULT SampleCopyGeneratorFilter::Transform(IMediaSample *pSource, IMediaSample *pDest) {
HRESULT hRes;
BYTE* pBufferIn;
BYTE* pBufferOut;
long destSize = pDest->GetSize();
long dataLen = pSource->GetActualDataLength();
if( dataLen > destSize )
return VFW_E_BUFFER_OVERFLOW;
COM_CALL(pSource->GetPointer(&pBufferIn));
COM_CALL(pDest->GetPointer(&pBufferOut));
memcpy(pBufferOut, pBufferIn, dataLen);
pDest->SetActualDataLength(dataLen);
pDest->SetSyncPoint(pSource->IsSyncPoint() == S_OK);
return S_OK;
}
Here is how I inserted the filter in the capture graph:
CComPtr<IPin> pAACEncoderOutPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pAACEncoder, "XForm Out"));
CComPtr<IPin> pVideoSourceCompressedOutPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pVideoSource, "Encoded"));
CComPtr<IBaseFilter> pSampleCopier;
pSampleCopier = new SampleCopyGeneratorFilter();
COM_CALL(pGraph->AddFilter(pSampleCopier, L"SampleCopier"));
CComPtr<IPin> pSampleCopierInPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pSampleCopier, "XForm In"));
COM_CALL(pGraph->ConnectDirect(pVideoSourceCompressedOutPin, pSampleCopierInPin, NULL));
CComPtr<IPin> pSampleCopierOutPin(FilterTools::GetPin(pSampleCopier, "XForm Out"));
CreateGraphBridge(
IntPtr(pGraph),
IntPtr(pSampleCopierOutPin),
IntPtr(pAACEncoderOutPin)
);
Now, I still have no idea why inserting the sample grabber instead did not work and resulted in detached graphs. I corroborated this quirk by examining the graphs with Graphedit Plus too. If anyone can offer me an explanation, I would be very grateful indeed.

How to load a graph with tensorflow.so and c_api.h in c++ language?

I am not able to find any examples about how to load a graph with tensorflow.so and c_api.h in C++. I read the c_api.h, however the ReadBinaryProto function was not in it. How can I load a graph without the ReadBinaryProto function?
If you're using C++, you might want to use the C++ API instead. The label image example would probably be a good sample to help you start.
If you really want to use just the C API, use TF_GraphImportGraphDef to load a graph. Note that the C API isn't particularly convenient to use (it is intended to build bindings in other languages such as Go, Java, Rust, Haskell etc.) For example:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <tensorflow/c/c_api.h>
TF_Buffer* read_file(const char* file);
void free_buffer(void* data, size_t length) {
free(data);
}
int main() {
// Graph definition from unzipped https://storage.googleapis.com/download.tensorflow.org/models/inception5h.zip
// which is used in the Go, Java and Android examples
TF_Buffer* graph_def = read_file("tensorflow_inception_graph.pb");
TF_Graph* graph = TF_NewGraph();
// Import graph_def into graph
TF_Status* status = TF_NewStatus();
TF_ImportGraphDefOptions* opts = TF_NewImportGraphDefOptions();
TF_GraphImportGraphDef(graph, graph_def, opts, status);
TF_DeleteImportGraphDefOptions(opts);
if (TF_GetCode(status) != TF_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Unable to import graph %s", TF_Message(status));
return 1;
}
fprintf(stdout, "Successfully imported graph");
TF_DeleteStatus(status);
TF_DeleteBuffer(graph_def);
// Use the graph
TF_DeleteGraph(graph);
return 0;
}
TF_Buffer* read_file(const char* file) {
FILE *f = fopen(file, "rb");
fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
long fsize = ftell(f);
fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET); //same as rewind(f);
void* data = malloc(fsize);
fread(data, fsize, 1, f);
fclose(f);
TF_Buffer* buf = TF_NewBuffer();
buf->data = data;
buf->length = fsize;
buf->data_deallocator = free_buffer;
return buf;
}
The previous answer is your main option if you are wanting to use it outside of the TensorFlow project (and consequently not build with Bazel). You need to load it from the c_api.h with TF_GraphImportDef, I recommend training and doing testing in Python and then exporting the model/graph for use with C++/C Api when you have finished.

microchip MPLAB X IDE v2.15 "can't generate code for this expression"

I´m trying to compile a simple piece code, but i run into a error "can't generate code for this expression".
i adapted to code from "http://www.barrysoft.it/blog/midi-with-pic-ausart.html"
could someone enlighten me about this problem?
MPLAB X IDE v2.15
xc8 v1.32
midi.c:
void midi_init(void)
{
/* MIDI uses 31250 baud/s serial speed */
uart_init(19, 1, 0, 0 ); //<---
}
midi.c:31: error: (712) can't generate code for this expression
uart.c:
void uart_init(unsigned char spbrg, unsigned bit brgh, unsigned bit sync, unsigned bit parity)
{
// Setup the baud rate
SPBRG = spbrg;
// High speed baud rate
BRGH = brgh; ////
// Synch or Async
SYNC = sync; ////
// 8bit transmission
TX9 = parity; ////
// Enable serial output
SPEN = 1;
// Enable UART out
TXEN = 1;
}
uart.c:29: error: (712) can't generate code for this expression
uart.c:32: error: (712) can't generate code for this expression
uart.c:35: error: (712) can't generate code for this expression
uart.h:
void uart_init(unsigned char spbrg, unsigned bit brgh,unsigned bit sync,unsigned bit parity);
Unable to resolve identifier bit, this seams to be a MPLAB IDE error, witch can be turned off.
This is probably an issue with how the compiler handles data witdths inferior to processor`s native width.
One simple fix is to use macros instead of a function. This works because you let the compiler handle the type conversions and literal data how it sees fit instead of forcing it to commit bit variables to memory locations (for the function call).
In uart.h:
#define uart_init( spbrg, brgh, sync, parity ) \
SPBRG = spbrg;\
BRGH = brgh;\
SYNC = sync;\
TX9 = parity;\
SPEN = 1;\
TXEN = 1
*Note that I intentionally left out the last line`s ';' so that the macro can be called like a function.
In midi.c: No change...
uart_init(19, 1, 0, 0 );

Unwanted click when using SoXR Library to do variable rate resampling

I am using the SoXR library's variable rate feature to dynamically change the sampling rate of an audio stream in real time. Unfortunately I have have noticed that an unwanted clicking noise is present when changing the rate from 1.0 to a larger value (ex: 1.01) when testing with a sine wave. I have not noticed any unwanted artifacts when changing from a value larger than 1.0 to 1.0. I looked at the wave form it was producing and it appeared as if a few samples right at rate change are transposed incorrectly.
Here's a picture of an example of a stereo 440Hz sinewave stored using signed 16bit interleaved samples:
I also was unable to find any documentation covering the variable rate feature beyond the fifth code example. Here's is my initialization code:
bool DynamicRateAudioFrameQueue::intialize(uint32_t sampleRate, uint32_t numChannels)
{
mSampleRate = sampleRate;
mNumChannels = numChannels;
mRate = 1.0;
mGlideTimeInMs = 0;
// Intialize buffer
size_t intialBufferSize = 100 * sampleRate * numChannels / 1000; // 100 ms
pFifoSampleBuffer = new FiFoBuffer<int16_t>(intialBufferSize);
soxr_error_t error;
// Use signed int16 with interleaved channels
soxr_io_spec_t ioSpec = soxr_io_spec(SOXR_INT16_I, SOXR_INT16_I);
// "When creating a var-rate resampler, q_spec must be set as follows:" - example code
// Using SOXR_VR makes sense, but I'm not sure if the quality can be altered when using var-rate
soxr_quality_spec_t qualitySpec = soxr_quality_spec(SOXR_HQ, SOXR_VR);
// Using the var-rate io-spec is undocumented beyond a single code example which states
// "The ratio of the given input rate and ouput rates must equate to the
// maximum I/O ratio that will be used: "
// My tests show this is not true
double inRate = 1.0;
double outRate = 1.0;
mSoxrHandle = soxr_create(inRate, outRate, mNumChannels, &error, &ioSpec, &qualitySpec, NULL);
if (error == 0) // soxr_error_t == 0; no error
{
mIntialized = true;
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
Any idea what may be causing this to happen? Or have a suggestion for an alternative library that is capable of variable rate audio resampling in real time?
After speaking with the developer of the SoXR library I was able to resolve this issue by adjusting the maximum ratio parameters in the soxr_create method call. The developer's response can be found here.