Set up trigger to get sum of all values in a column - sql

I am creating a trigger in SQL to sum up all the values in a column after a change is made. I am stuck and encountering an error when I try this:
`
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER GET_NUM_ATHLETES
AFTER DELETE OR UPDATE OF NUM_ATHLETES OR INSERT ON DELEGATION
BEGIN
SELECT
SUM("A1"."NUM_") "SUM(NUM_)"
INTO x_1 FROM
"DBF19"."DELEGATION" "A1";
END;
`
My table looks like this:
ID
Num_
ABC
2
XYZ
4
I just used the Oracle SQL Developer GUI to create, but obviously doing something wrong.

You could use a view instead of maintaining the data in a table. That way the view would get the results "live" each time.
And also you wouldn't need to do the extra task of loading data into another table
CREATE VIEW NUM_ATHLETES
AS
SELECT SUM("A1"."NUM_") "SUM(NUM_)"
FROM "DBF19"."DELEGATION" "A1";

Do not create a table, use a VIEW (or if you were doing more complicated calculations a MATERIALIZED VIEW):
DROP TABLE num_athletes;
then:
CREATE VIEW num_athletes (id, num) AS
SELECT id, SUM(num_)
FROM DBF19.DELEGATION
GROUP BY id;

Related

Create temporary table from view

I am using sqlite3.
Suppose I have a view view_intermediate. I would like to create a temporary table from this view. In other words, turn the result of the view into a temporary table.
How should the SQL statement look like to do this?
SQLite supports CREATE TABLE AS..SELECT, so assuming you want the data in the table:
CREATE TABLE myTable AS
SELECT *
FROM view_intermediate;
If you want a table to be created from the view, but don't want the data, you can add a false condition.
CREATE TABLE myTable AS
SELECT *
FROM view_intermediate
WHERE 1=2;

'Create Table As' in BigQuery

How to create a table on the basis of result of select query in BigQuery?
For example:
create table abc as select x,y,z from mnp;
Is there any way or workaround to achieve the same in BigQuery?
Any leads?
Just try giving the GCP dataset name before table name in create table statement.
Example:
create table `GCP_Dataset.abc` as select x,y,z from mnp
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE [GCP_Folder].abc AS SELECT x,y,z FROM mnp
This wont get the error Cannot set write disposition in jobs with DDL statements. no source to refer, its trial and error from my end.
already it can be done like
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE project.dataset.table AS SELECT x,y,z FROM 'project.dataset.mnp'
You can create a table using another table as the starting point.
This method basically allows you to duplicate another table (or a part
of it, if you add a WHERE clause in the SELECT statement).
CREATE TABLE project_name.dataset_name.table (your destination) AS SELECT column_a,column_b,... FROM (UNION/JOIN for example)

Refresh view in HSQL

I would like to update a view in HSQL without writing the same statement again and again.
I have a table CONTACTS with ID, First_NAME and LAST_NAME. I also have a VIEW for this table, which I created with
CREATE VIEW IDGREATERTHREE AS SELECT * FROM CONTACTS WHERE ID > 3;
How can I update my VIEW after I added a new column to my table. I want to update my table without anything like this:
ALTER VIEW IDGREATERTHREE AS SELECT * FROM CONTACTS WHERE ID > 3;
I would like to find a way to refresh my invalid view in a similar way like in Oracle:
ALTER VIEW IDGREATERTHREE COMPILE;
I am also looking for a way to select just the invalid views. WithSELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS I am not able to see any difference between an invalid and a non-invalid view.
A solution for this would be to write an ON DDL trigger.
In this ON DDL trigger , you check if your modifying your table.
If this is the case, then you use Dynamic SQL to recreate your view. This is doable with plsql (you tagged with oracle). There is ample documentation on creating triggers and dynamic SQL on the Internet.
HSQLDB cannot have invalid views. When you create a view, the SELECT * FROM CONTACTS is expanded to the actual column names. When you add a column to the table the view is recompiled with the original column names and the new column is not included.

Delete a column from a table without changing the environment

I'm working on Oracle SQL database, quite big database. One of (among 150 tables) this table has to be changed because it's redundant (it can be generated through a join). I have been asked to delete a column from this table, to get rid of the redundancy. The problem is that now I have to change code everywhere someone made a insert/update/etc on this table (and don't forget the constraint!). I thought "I can make a view that do the right join" so the problem it's solved for all the select, but it's not working for the insert, because I'm updating 2 tables... Is there a way to solve this problem?
My goal is to rename my original table original_table in original_table_smaller (with one less column) and create a view (or something like a view) called original_table that work like the original table.
Is this possible?
As your view will contain one column that is not present in the real table, you will need to use an instead of trigger to make the view updateable.
Something like this:
create table smaller_table
(
id integer not null primary key,
some_column varchar(20)
);
create view real_table
as
select id,
some_column,
null as old_column
from smaller_table;
Now your old code would run something like this:
insert into real_table
(id, some_column, old_column)
values
(1, 'foo', 'bar');
which results in:
ORA-01733: virtual column not allowed here
To get around this, you need an INSTEAD OF trigger:
create or replace trigger comp_trigger
instead of insert on smaller_table
begin
insert into old_table
(id, some_column)
values
(:new.id, :new.some_column);
end;
/
Now the value for the "old_column" will be ignored. You need something similar for updates as well.
If your view contains a join, then you can handle that situation as well in the trigger. Simply do an update/insert according to the data to two different tables
For more details and examples, see the manual
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/appdev.112/e25519/triggers.htm#i1006376
It is possible to insert/update on views.
You might want to check with USER_UPDATABLE_COLUMNS which columns you can insert to the view.
Check with this query:
select * from user_updatable_columns where table_name = 'VIEW_NAME';
Oracle has two different ways of making views updatable:-
The view is "key preserved" with respect to what you are trying to update. This means the primary key of the underlying table is in the view and the row appears only once in the view. This means Oracle can figure out exactly which underlying table row to update OR
You write an instead of trigger.

How can I create a copy of an Oracle table without copying the data?

I know the statement:
create table xyz_new as select * from xyz;
Which copies the structure and the data, but what if I just want the structure?
Just use a where clause that won't select any rows:
create table xyz_new as select * from xyz where 1=0;
Limitations
The following things will not be copied to the new table:
sequences
triggers
indexes
some constraints may not be copied
materialized view logs
This also does not handle partitions
I used the method that you accepted a lot, but as someone pointed out it doesn't duplicate constraints (except for NOT NULL, I think).
A more advanced method if you want to duplicate the full structure is:
SET LONG 5000
SELECT dbms_metadata.get_ddl( 'TABLE', 'MY_TABLE_NAME' ) FROM DUAL;
This will give you the full create statement text which you can modify as you wish for creating the new table. You would have to change the names of the table and all constraints of course.
(You could also do this in older versions using EXP/IMP, but it's much easier now.)
Edited to add
If the table you are after is in a different schema:
SELECT dbms_metadata.get_ddl( 'TABLE', 'MY_TABLE_NAME', 'OTHER_SCHEMA_NAME' ) FROM DUAL;
create table xyz_new as select * from xyz where rownum = -1;
To avoid iterate again and again and insert nothing based on the condition where 1=2
Using sql developer select the table and click on the DDL tab
You can use that code to create a new table with no data when you run it in a sql worksheet
sqldeveloper is a free to use app from oracle.
If the table has sequences or triggers the ddl will sometimes generate those for you too. You just have to be careful what order you make them in and know when to turn the triggers on or off.
You can do this
Create table New_table as select * from Old_table where 1=2 ;
but be careful
The table you create does not have any Index, PK and so on like the old_table.
DECLARE
l_ddl VARCHAR2 (32767);
BEGIN
l_ddl := REPLACE (
REPLACE (
DBMS_LOB.SUBSTR (DBMS_METADATA.get_ddl ('TABLE', 'ACTIVITY_LOG', 'OLDSCHEMA'))
, q'["OLDSCHEMA"]'
, q'["NEWSCHEMA"]'
)
, q'["OLDTABLSPACE"]'
, q'["NEWTABLESPACE"]'
);
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE l_ddl;
END;
Simply write a query like:
create table new_table as select * from old_table where 1=2;
where new_table is the name of the new table that you want to create and old_table is the name of the existing table whose structure you want to copy, this will copy only structure.
SELECT * INTO newtable
FROM oldtable
WHERE 1 = 0;
Create a new, empty table using the schema of another. Just add a WHERE clause that causes the query to return no data:
WHERE 1 = 0 or similar false conditions work, but I dislike how they look. Marginally cleaner code for Oracle 12c+ IMHO is
CREATE TABLE bar AS
SELECT *
FROM foo
FETCH FIRST 0 ROWS ONLY;
Same limitations apply: only column definitions and their nullability are copied into a new table.
If one needs to create a table (with an empty structure) just to EXCHANGE PARTITION, it is best to use the "..FOR EXCHANGE.." clause. It's available only from Oracle version 12.2 onwards though.
CREATE TABLE t1_temp FOR EXCHANGE WITH TABLE t1;
This addresses 'ORA-14097' during the 'exchange partition' seamlessly if table structures are not exactly copied by normal CTAS operation. I have seen Oracle missing some of the "DEFAULT" column and "HIDDEN" columns definitions from the original table.
ORA-14097: column type or size mismatch in ALTER TABLE EXCHANGE
PARTITION
See this for further read...
you can also do a
create table abc_new as select * from abc;
then truncate the table abc_new. Hope this will suffice your requirement.
Using pl/sql developer you can right click on the table_name either in the sql workspace or in the object explorer, than click on "view" and than click "view sql" which generates the sql script to create the table along with all the constraints, indexes, partitions etc..
Next you run the script using the new_table_name
copy without table data
create table <target_table> as select * from <source_table> where 1=2;
copy with table data
create table <target_table> as select * from <source_table>;
In other way you can get ddl of table creation from command listed below, and execute the creation.
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TYPE','OBJECT_NAME','DATA_BASE_USER') TEXT FROM DUAL
TYPE is TABLE,PROCEDURE etc.
With this command you can get majority of ddl from database objects.
Create table target_table
As
Select *
from source_table
where 1=2;
Source_table is the table u wanna copy the structure of.
create table xyz_new as select * from xyz;
-- This will create table and copy all data.
delete from xyz_new;
-- This will have same table structure but all data copied will be deleted.
If you want to overcome the limitations specified by answer:
How can I create a copy of an Oracle table without copying the data?
The task above can be completed in two simple steps.
STEP 1:
CREATE table new_table_name AS(Select * from old_table_name);
The query above creates a duplicate of a table (with contents as well).
To get the structure, delete the contents of the table using.
STEP 2:
DELETE * FROM new_table_name.
Hope this solves your problem. And thanks to the earlier posts. Gave me a lot of insight.