I have WSL which is configured to mount partitions at the root of the filesystem.
$cat /etc/wsl.conf
[automount]
root = /
options = "metadata"
That means my drives are accessed using paths which start from root e. g. /c /d etc...
CLion with WSL toolchain executes the command:
/usr/bin/cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM=/usr/bin/make -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc -G "CodeBlocks - Unix Makefiles" /mnt/c/Users/dmytr/CLionProjects/untitled
bash: line 0: cd: /mnt/c/Users/dmytr/CLionProjects/untitled/cmake-build-debug: No such file or directory
CMake Error: The source directory "/mnt/c/Users/dmytr/CLionProjects/untitled" does not exist.
It is obvious that Cmake needs to be invoked where path-to-source starts with /c not /mnt/c.
How it is possible to fix this?
I've created an issue at JetBrains issue tracker - https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/CPP-15459
Looks like there is known bug and it is already fixed in CLion 2019.1 EAP.
I am trying to copy a directory using a CMake script.
execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E tar czf "${name}.orig.tar.gz" "${folder}"
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/Debian)
but it is throwing an error.
CMake Error: archive_write_header: Can't translate pathname 'files/osgModels/textures/índice.jpeg' to UTF-8
Now I end up with an archive which doesn't contain all the files.
However I can successfully create the archive when running tar independently, i.e. not using CMake.
I think you're seeing this CMake bug which was resolved after version 2.8.12.2. I'm not sure whether the fix made it into 3.0.0 or if it was 3.0.1, but either way, if you update CMake to the current version, you should see the problem disappear.
(I expect the í character of índice is the problem here)
I have a problem with the global environmental variable CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH. I already set this and I can see it is set when I type env, but when I run cmake . to build HipHop, it tells me that the variable isn't set.
Is there a way I can hard-code this into the makefiles?
Try to run cmake -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/your/path .
CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH works as a build directive, rather than as an environment variable. Moreover, you may perform the build into a dedicated temporary directory (it's cleaner, because when done, you can remove that temporary directory and you get back a clean pristine source tree).
$ mkdir -p tmpbuild && cd tmpbuild
$ cmake -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=~/deliveries/hiphop ..
$ make install
$ cd ..
On MacOS it's different. I had to use:
make -i CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="/the/path"
This was while installing VMQT, and this error was shown:
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:87 (find_package): By not providing
"FindOpenCV.cmake" in CMAKE_MODULE_PATH this project has asked CMake
to find a package configuration file provided by "OpenCV", but CMake
did not find one.
Could not find a package configuration file provided by "OpenCV"
with any of the following names:
OpenCVConfig.cmake
opencv-config.cmake
Add the installation prefix of "OpenCV" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
"OpenCV_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files. If
"OpenCV" provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it
has been installed.
Used this to solve it: make -i CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="/opt/homebrew/Cellar/opencv/4.6.0_1/lib/cmake/opencv4/"
I want to build my sources by Mingw compiler which in not placed on my system PATH.
I tried this in the beginning of my script:
set(Env{PATH} "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/bin/" "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/msys/1.0/bin/")
And this:
set(CMAKE_PROGRAM_PATH "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/bin/" "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/msys/1.0/bin/")
set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/bin/" "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/msys/1.0/bin/")
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROGRAM_PATH "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/bin/" "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/msys/1.0/bin/")
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/bin/" "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/msys/1.0/bin/")
The first variant doesn't work at all. A suggest that I can't overwrite the value of the environment variable in CMake script.
The second script finds my mingw compiler, but catches the error while running gcc (can't find libgmp-10.dll which needs by gcc). This is because the PATH variable is not set to my Mingw.
CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROGRAM_PATH is not meant to be modified, use
LIST(APPEND CMAKE_PROGRAM_PATH "c:/MyProject/Tools/mingw/bin/" ...)
You might approach it as if it were a cross compiling toolchain, even if you're not cross compiling from Linux to Windows as in this example:
http://www.vtk.org/Wiki/CmakeMingw
After you follow that guide you set the mingw toolchain at the command line when calling cmake:
~/src/helloworld/ $ mkdir build
~/src/helloworld/ $ cd build
~/src/helloworld/build/ $ cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=~/Toolchain-mingw32.cmake
then if you're using this a whole lot you can make an alias to limit typing in that ugly -D every time you want to regenerate makefiles:
alias mingw-cmake='cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=~/Toolchain-mingw32.cmake'
Write a script file to start CMake.
On Windows make a batch file:
#echo off
set path=c:\MyProject\Tools\mingw\bin;c:\MyProject\Tools\mingw\msys\1.0\bin
"C:\Program Files\CMake 2.8\bin\cmake-gui.exe"
On Linux make a bash script:
export PATH=$PATH:/your/path
I do cmake . && make all install. This works, but installs to /usr/local.
I need to install to a different prefix (for example, to /usr).
What is the cmake and make command line to install to /usr instead of /usr/local?
You can pass in any CMake variable on the command line, or edit cached variables using ccmake/cmake-gui. On the command line,
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr . && make all install
Would configure the project, build all targets and install to the /usr prefix. The type (PATH) is not strictly necessary, but would cause the Qt based cmake-gui to present the directory chooser dialog.
Some minor additions as comments make it clear that providing a simple equivalence is not enough for some. Best practice would be to use an external build directory, i.e. not the source directly. Also to use more generic CMake syntax abstracting the generator.
mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr .. && cmake --build . --target install --config Release
You can see it gets quite a bit longer, and isn't directly equivalent anymore, but is closer to best practices in a fairly concise form... The --config is only used by multi-configuration generators (i.e. MSVC), ignored by others.
The ":PATH" part in the accepted answer can be omitted. This syntax may be more memorable:
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr . && make all install
...as used in the answers here.
Note that in both CMake and Autotools you don't always have to set the installation path at configure time. You can use DESTDIR at install time (see also here) instead as in:
make DESTDIR=<installhere> install
See also this question which explains the subtle difference between DESTDIR and PREFIX.
This is intended for staged installs and to allow for storing programs in a different location from where they are run e.g. /etc/alternatives via symbolic links.
However, if your package is relocatable and doesn't need any hard-coded (prefix) paths set via the configure stage you may be able to skip it.
So instead of:
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr . && make all install
you would run:
cmake . && make DESTDIR=/usr all install
Note that, as user7498341 points out, this is not appropriate for cases where you really should be using PREFIX.
The way I build CMake projects cross platform is the following:
/project-root> mkdir build
/project-root> cd build
/project-root/build> cmake -G "<generator>" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=stage ..
/project-root/build> cmake --build . --target=install --config=Release
The first two lines create the out-of-source build directory
The third line generates the build system specifying where to put the installation result (which I always place in ./project-root/build/stage - the path is always considered relative to the current directory if it is not absolute)
The fourth line builds the project configured in . with the buildsystem configured in the line before. It will execute the install target which also builds all necessary dependent targets if they need to be built and then copies the files into the CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX (which in this case is ./project-root/build/stage. For multi-configuration builds, like in Visual Studio, you can also specify the configuration with the optional --config <config> flag.
The good part when using the cmake --build command is that it works for all generators (i.e. makefiles and Visual Studio) without needing different commands.
Afterwards I use the installed files to create packages or include them in other projects...
Starting with CMake 3.15, the correct way of achieving this would be using:
cmake --install <dir> --prefix "/usr"
Official Documentation
Starting with CMake 3.21 you can use the --install-prefix option instead of manually setting CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX.
The modern equivalent of configure --prefix=DIR && make all install would now be:
cmake -B build --install-prefix=DIR
cmake --build build
cmake --install build
Regarding Bruce Adams answer:
Your answer creates dangerous confusion. DESTDIR is intended for
installs out of the root tree. It allows one to see what would be
installed in the root tree if one did not specify DESTDIR.
PREFIX is the base directory upon which the real installation is
based.
For example, PREFIX=/usr/local indicates that the final destination
of a package is /usr/local. Using DESTDIR=$HOME will install the files
as if $HOME was the root (/). If, say DESTDIR, was /tmp/destdir, one
could see what 'make install' would affect. In that spirit, DESTDIR
should never affect the built objects.
A makefile segment to explain it:
install:
cp program $DESTDIR$PREFIX/bin/program
Programs must assume that PREFIX is the base directory of the final
(i.e. production) directory. The possibility of symlinking a program
installed in DESTDIR=/something only means that the program does not
access files based upon PREFIX as it would simply not work. cat(1)
is a program that (in its simplest form) can run from anywhere.
Here is an example that won't:
prog.pseudo.in:
open("#prefix#/share/prog.db")
...
prog:
sed -e "s/#prefix#/$PREFIX/" prog.pseudo.in > prog.pseudo
compile prog.pseudo
install:
cp prog $DESTDIR$PREFIX/bin/prog
cp prog.db $DESTDIR$PREFIX/share/prog.db
If you tried to run prog from elsewhere than $PREFIX/bin/prog,
prog.db would never be found as it is not in its expected location.
Finally, /etc/alternatives really does not work this way. There are
symlinks to programs installed in the root tree (e.g. vi -> /usr/bin/nvi,
vi -> /usr/bin/vim, etc.).
It is considered bad practice to invoke the actual build system (e.g. via the make command) if using CMake. It is highly recommended to do it like this:
Configure + Generation stages:
cmake -S foo -B _builds/foo/debug -G "Unix Makefiles" -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug -D CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX:STRING=d -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr
Build and Install stages:
cmake --build _builds/foo/debug --config Debug --target install
When following this approach, the generator can be easily switched (e.g. -G Ninja for Ninja) without having to remember any generator-specific commands.
Note that the CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE variable is only used by single-config generators and the --config argument of the build command is only used by multi-config generators.
Lots of answer, but I figured I'd do a summary to properly group them and explain the differences.
First of all, you can define that prefix one of two ways: during configuration time, or when installing, and that's really up to your needs.
During configuration time
Two options:
cmake -S $src_dir -B $build_dir -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$install_dir
cmake -S $src_dir -B $build_dir --install-prefix=$install_dir # Since CMake 3.21
During install time
Advantage: no need to reconfigure if you want to change it.
Two options:
cmake DESTDIR=$install_dir --build $build_dir --target=install # Makefile only
cmake --install $build_dir --prefix=$install_dir