CI/CD Pipline can't build dynamically loaded components - vue.js

Question

Component
I built a web app with Vue.JS that uses dynamically loaded components, like in the example below.
Everything works just fine: I can build it (vue-cli-service build) locally and use the dist folder on the webserver without any problems (so I can at least deploy the code manually via SFTP). But I can't build the app in my CI/CD action on Github.
Action
The runner (ubuntu-latest – this is in my opinion the only difference to my local setup which is mac os) couldn't build the code. The error states that it can't find the dependencies – which is kind of reasonable because they're not there while building, but it just works when it's done locally. Basically my local setup works just like the action (I even specified the exact Nodejs version here).
Error
This dependency was not found:
* #/components/Modules in ./node_modules/cache-loader/dist/cjs.js??ref--12-0!./node_modules/thread-loader/dist/cjs.js!./node_modules/babel-loader/lib!./node_modules/cache-loader/dist/cjs.js??ref--1-0!./node_modules/vue-loader/lib??vue-loader-options!./src/components/Settings/DynModule.vue?vue&type=script&lang=js&
Template Part of DynModule.vue
<component v-if="component" :is="component"/>
Script Part of DynModule.vue
The function is located inside computed.
component: function () {
return () => import(`#/components/Modules/${this.module.data.type}.vue`);
}
Workflow Configuration for Github Actions
name: Deploy to example.de
on: workflow_dispatch
jobs:
build-and-deploy:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout#v2
- name: Set up Node.js version
uses: actions/setup-node#v2
with:
node-version: '14.18.1'
- name: Install Dependencies
run: npm install
- name: Build for Production
run: npm run build
- name: Deploy to Server
uses: easingthemes/ssh-deploy#main
env:
SSH_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.PRIVATE_KEY }}
SOURCE: "dist/"
REMOTE_HOST: ${{ secrets.REMOTE_HOST }}
REMOTE_USER: ${{ secrets.REMOTE_USER }}
REMOTE_PORT: ${{ secrets.REMOTE_PORT }}
TARGET: ${{ secrets.REMOTE_TARGET_STAGING }}
EXCLUDE: ".github"