Kotlin - output type from type parameter - kotlin

I am parsing multiple CSV files and would like to provide my application with some generic parsers with logging capabilities. Is it possible to give some generic solution for it?
My try to do that is:
interface Converter<out T> {
fun convert(fieldName: String, value: String): T?
}
object DoubleMapper : Converter<Double> {
private val log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this::class.java)
override fun convert(fieldName: String, value: String): Double {
log.info("Converting $fieldName: $value to Double")
return 123.3
}
}
object ConverterProvider {
private val log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ConverterProvider::class.java)
inline fun <reified T : Any> getConverter(): (String, String) -> T {
return when (T::class) {
Double::class -> DoubleMapper::convert
Int::class -> IntMapper::convert
else -> {
throw java.lang.RuntimeException("We do not have mapper")
}
}
}
}
However, this does not compile, does kotlin provide such capabilities to have function return type depend on type parameter?

Your solution is almost correct one. The only problem is that the compiler is not smart enough to understand that you verified the type of T and you return the right type of the converter. You just need to cast the converter to T:
return when (T::class) {
...
} as (String, String) -> T
This cast is unchecked, meaning that the compiler can't guarantee at runtime that the cast is safe. However, as long as you return correct converter for the T, such cast should be safe and you can just suppress the warning:
#Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
return when (T::class) {
...
} as (String, String) -> T

Related

How to overload function with different return types and the same parameters in Kotlin?

I want to overload function with the same parameters (or without parameters at all) and different return types. Correct implementation should be chosen by the type of variable I assign returning value of a function to.
The only way to do this I found is using reified generics and comparing KClass'es:
inline fun <reified T: Any> read(): T {
return read(T::class)
}
#Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
fun <T: Any> read(t: KClass<T>): T {
return when (t) {
Int::class -> readInt() as T
UInt::class -> readUInt() as T
String::class -> readString() as T
// ...
else -> throw Exception("Unsupported type")
}
}
fun readInt(): Int {
// ...
}
fun readUInt(): UInt {
// ...
}
fun readString(): String {
// ...
}
The problem with this approach is that the compiler and IDEA are not smart enough to determine types at compile time for which there is no implementation. The most I can do is throw a runtime exception:
val int: Int = read()
val string: String = read()
val double: Double = read()
// ^^^^ No compile-time error here
Maybe I'm missing something and there is more "correct" way of doing this?
Maybe I'm missing something and there is more "correct" way of doing this?
No. You cannot do this at all. You must name the methods differently.

Kotlin DSL - type inference on returned value

I'm trying to introduce the following (simplified) DSL:
fun <T> myDsl(specFn: DslSpec<T>.() -> Unit) {
val value = DslSpec<T>().apply(specFn).fn!!()
println("value is: $value")
}
class DslSpec<T> {
internal var fn: (() -> T)? = null
fun getValue(fn: () -> T) {
this.fn = fn
}
}
fun testCase() {
myDsl {
getValue {
"abc"
}
}
}
But it fails to infer T based just on the returned type of getValue ("Not enough information to infer type variable T"). I kind of see how it could be a very hard task to do for a compiler, but thought maybe there are already some tricks to make constructs like this work?
If you're using a version of Kotlin < 1.6.0, you should add #BuilderInference to the specFn argument:
fun <T> myDsl(#BuilderInference specFn: DslSpec<T>.() -> Unit) {
...
}
https://pl.kotl.in/__xy04j88
If you're using a version >= 1.6.0, you should either use the annotation as well, or both your declarations and their usages must be compiled with the compiler argument -Xenable-builder-inference.

why lambda function parameter's type is Nothing on generic type with asterisk in kotlin?

when i call some api, i wished use multiple callback with generic parameter.
so i defined CallBackData class
class CallBackData<T>(val func: (T?) -> Boolean, val params: T?)
it not data class. because it super class of other callbacks.
and i define Array<CallBackData<*>> variable for multiple callback.
val callbackDts : Array<CallBackData<*>> = arrayOf(
CallBackData(::sampleCallback1, SomeClass(1)),
CallBackData(::sampleCallback2, "hello"),
CallBackData(::sampleCallback3, -1),
)
but when i call func, it say error
Type mismatch.
Required: Nothing?
Found: Any?
i don't get it. why? isn't same it.params type T is same of it.func(param(T))? right? why is Nothing Type? why is not same?
this is full code
fun start(){
val callbackDts : Array<CallBackData<*>> = arrayOf(
CallBackData(::sampleCallback1, SomeClass(1)),
CallBackData(::sampleCallback2, "hello"),
CallBackData(::sampleCallback3, -1),
)
callApi(callbackDts)
}
fun callApi(callbacks : Array<CallBackData<*>>){
callbacks.forEach{
it.func(it.params)
}
}
fun sampleCallback1(params: SomeClass?) : Boolean {
println("sampleCallback1 ${params.toString()}")
return true
}
fun sampleCallback2(params: String?) : Boolean {
println("sampleCallback2 $params")
return true
}
fun sampleCallback3(params: Int?) : Boolean {
println("sampleCallback3 $params")
return true
}
data class SomeClass(val i:Int)
class CallBackData<T>(val func : (T?) -> Boolean, val params: T?)
i tried convert to like this (using out keyword), but it's failed same.(Lambda's parameter type is Nothing?)
fun start(){
val callbackDts : Array<CallBackData<out Any?>> = arrayOf(
CallBackData(::sampleCallback1, SomeClass(1)),
CallBackData(::sampleCallback2, "hello"),
CallBackData(::sampleCallback3, -1),
)
callApi(callbackDts)
}
fun callApi(callbacks : Array<CallBackData<out Any?>>){
callbacks.forEach{
it.func(it.params)
}
}
fun sampleCallback1(params: SomeClass?) : Boolean {
println("sampleCallback1 ${params.toString()}")
return true
}
fun sampleCallback2(params: String?) : Boolean {
println("sampleCallback2 $params")
return true
}
fun sampleCallback3(params: Int?) : Boolean {
println("sampleCallback3 $params")
return true
}
data class SomeClass(val i:Int)
class CallBackData<T>(val func : (T?) -> Boolean, val params: T?)
i look forward to your reply. thanks!
Unfortunately, the type information of T is gone once you projected a CallbackData<T> to CallbackData<*>. It is no longer known that it.func takes the same type as it.params.
But you do know that they are the same type in the CallBackData class itself, don't you? So you can just add a call method
class CallBackData<T>(val func : (T?) -> Boolean, var params: T?) {
fun call() = func(params)
}
and
callbacks.forEach{
it.call()
}
Or you can overload the invoke operator:
operator fun invoke() = func(params)
You would then be able to do it() directly.
Even if you don't have control over CallBackData, you can still add an extension function:
operator fun <T> CallBackData<T>.invoke() = func(params)
Adding to other answers: if this is the only reason why you defined the CallBackData, then you don't really need this class. Kotlin has support for closures, so we don't need to intercept functions and parameters separately:
fun start(){
val callbackDts = arrayOf<() -> Unit>(
{ sampleCallback1(SomeClass(1)) },
{ sampleCallback2("hello") },
{ sampleCallback3(-1) },
)
callApi(callbackDts)
}
fun callApi(callbacks : Array<() -> Unit>){
callbacks.forEach{
it()
}
}
You can define a function
fun <T> CallBackData<T>.call() = func(params)
and then callApi can be changed to:
fun callApi(callbacks : Array<CallBackData<*>>){
callbacks.forEach{ it.call() }
}
Then Kotlin does not have a problem to infer that the types of func and params match for each CallBackData.

Kotlin - Infer type for one of two generic parameters

I am trying to create a function that has two generic types: one reified, and another derived from the context of its usage (since it is an extension function):
inline fun <reified E, A> Either<Throwable, A>.bypassLeft(transformation: Throwable.() -> A): Either<Throwable, A> =
when (this) {
is Either.Left -> when (value) {
is E -> value.transformation().right()
else -> this
}
else -> this
}
The idea would be to call the function just mentioning the reified type, something like:
a.bypassLeft<NoResultException> { "" }
In which "a" is an object of type Either<Throwable,String>
But the compiler is not letting me go away with it, and requires me to specify both generic types, instead of deriving the second one form the object calling the function.
It seemed quite a reasonable thing to be possible, but maybe I am wrong...
Is this possible to achieve? If so, what am I doing wrong?
It's not currently possible with a function to ascribe a single type argument and leave the other inferred. You can achieve what you want if you type the lambda arguments by changing your implementation to not use a receiver type.
I threw in there an additional impl that shows how type args can also be partially applied with a class or other surrounding scope.
import arrow.core.Either
import arrow.core.right
inline fun <reified E : Throwable, A> Either<Throwable, A>.bypassLeft(
transformation: (E) -> A //changed to regular arg not receiver
): Either<Throwable, A> =
when (this) {
is Either.Left -> when (val v = value) { //name locally for smart cast
is E -> transformation(v).right()
else -> this
}
else -> this
}
class Catch<A>(val f: () -> A) { //alternative impl with partial type app
inline fun <reified E : Throwable> recover(
recover: (E) -> A
): Either<Throwable, A> =
Either.catch(f).fold(
{
if (it is E) Either.Right(recover(it))
else Either.Left(it)
},
{
Either.Right(it)
}
)
}
suspend fun main() {
val x: Either<Throwable, Int> = Either.Left(StackOverflowError())
val recovered = x.bypassLeft {
s: StackOverflowError -> //here infers E
0 // here infers A
}
println(recovered) // Either.Right(0)
val notRecovered: Either<Throwable, Int> =
Catch {
throw NumberFormatException()
1
}.recover<StackOverflowError> { 0 }
println(notRecovered) // Either.Left(java.lang.NumberFormatException)
}
This is possible as of Kotlin v1.7.0 with the underscore operator.
The underscore operator _ can be used for type arguments. Use it to automatically infer a type of the argument when other types are explicitly specified:
interface Foo<T>
fun <T, F : Foo<T>> bar() {}
fun baz() {
bar<_, Foo<String>>() // T = String is inferred
}
In your example, it would be possible like this:
a.bypassLeft<NoResultException, _> { "" }

Map return type from input generic type in Kotlin

I have a function that returns IMyInterface
fun getValue(type: Types): IMyInterface? {}
But I have to always cast the return type in this way before I can use it:
getValue(Types.TypeInt)?.let { value ->
val usableVale = MyInterfaceAsInt.cast(value)
// more code...
}
MyInterfaceAsInt implements IMyInterface and I have no control over them.
The casting always depend of the input, so
Types.TypeInt -> MyInterfaceAsInt.cast(value)
Types.TypeLong -> MyInterfaceAsLong.cast(value)
...etc
Is there a way to define somthing like fun <T = Types> getValue(type: T) in a way that the return type can be inferred from type ?
I would like to do the casting inside getValue.
It looks like Types.TypesInt/Long/etc. are simply instances of the same type Types, not different types; and in fun <T> getValue(type: T), T has to be a type. So it doesn't seem to be possible.
But I would probably go the other way and define functions like
fun getValueAsInt(): MyInterfaceAsInt? = getValue(Types.TypeInt)?.let { MyInterfaceAsInt.cast(it) }
fun getValueAsLong(): MyInterfaceAsLong? = getValue(Types.TypeLong)?.let { MyInterfaceAsLong.cast(it) }
...
Another alternative which could be useful at least when the type can be inferred:
#Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
inline fun <reified T : MyInterface> getValue(): T? = when(T::class) {
MyInterfaceAsInt::class -> getValue(Types.TypeInt)?.let { MyInterfaceAsInt.cast(it) }
MyInterfaceAsLong::class -> getValue(Types.TypeLong)?.let { MyInterfaceAsLong.cast(it) }
...
} as T