I have a table like this:
id
cols
val
1
date
01-01-01
1
name
abc
1
flag
True
1
end_date
null
2
date
01-01-02
2
name
abcd
2
flag
False
2
end_date
01-01-03
And I need to create a table that looks like
id
date
name
flag
end_date
1
01-01-01
abc
True
null
2
01-01-02
abcd
False
01-01-03
I can use select/with only. No functions or create/update
Thanks for your help
An interesting technique to remember is that you can use MAX(CASE WHEN... on text values to achieve results like this:
SELECT id
, MAX(CASE WHEN cols = 'date' THEN val ELSE NULL END) AS dt
, MAX(CASE WHEN cols = 'name' THEN val ELSE NULL END) AS nm
, MAX(CASE WHEN cols = 'flag' THEN val ELSE NULL END) AS flag
, MAX(CASE WHEN cols = 'end_date' THEN val ELSE NULL END) AS end_date
FROM #t
GROUP BY id
I've tried to avoid using SQL keywords as column names, so you have dt and nm instead of date and name.
You will probably want to apply some type casting as well to get it into a more usable format.
dbfiddle.uk
You can use the PIVOT and UNPIVOT relational operators to change a table-valued expression into another table. PIVOT rotates a table-valued expression by turning the unique values from one column in the expression into multiple columns in the output.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/from-using-pivot-and-unpivot?view=sql-server-ver15
U can use this query pivot it table value
DECLARE #cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
#query AS NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET #cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME(c.cols)
FROM yourtablename c
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set #query = 'SELECT Id, ' + #cols + ' from
(
select id
,val
from yourtablename
) x
pivot
(
val
for cols in (' + #cols + ')
) p '
execute(#query);
Related
I have a table where every ID has one or more places, and each place comes with a count. Places can be repeated within IDs. It is stored in rows like so:
ID ColumnName DataValue
1 place1 ABC
1 count1 5
2 place1 BEC
2 count1 12
2 place2 CDE
2 count2 6
2 place3 BEC
2 count3 9
3 place1 BBC
3 count1 5
3 place2 BBC
3 count2 4
Ultimately, I want a table where every possible place name is its own column, and the count per place per ID is summed up, like so:
ID ABC BEC CDE BBC
1 5 0 0 0
2 0 21 6 0
3 0 0 0 9
I don't know the best way to go about this. There are around 50 different possible place names, so specifically listing them out in a query isn't ideal. I know I ultimately have to pivot the data, but I don't know if I should do it before or after I sum up the counts. And whether it's before or after, I haven't been able to figure out how to go about summing it up.
Any ideas/help would be greatly appreciated. At this point, I'm having a hard time finding where to even start. I've seen a few posts with similar problems, but nothing quite as convoluted as this.
EDIT:
Right now I'm working with this to pivot the table, but this leaves me with columns named place1, place2, .... count1, count2,...
and I don't know how to appropriately sum up the counts and make new columns with the place names.
DECLARE #cols NVARCHAR(MAX), #query NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET #cols = STUFF(
(
SELECT DISTINCT
','+QUOTENAME(c.[ColumnName])
FROM #temp c FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, '');
SET #query = 'SELECT [ID], '+#cols+'from (SELECT [ID],
[DataValue] AS [amount],
[ColumnName] AS [category]
FROM #temp
)x pivot (max(amount) for category in ('+#cols+')) p';
EXECUTE (#query);
Your table structure is pretty bad. You'll need to normalize your data before you can attempt to pivot it. Try this:
;WITH IDs AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT
id
,ColId = RIGHT(ColumnName, LEN(ColumnName) - 5)
,Place = datavalue
FROM #temp
WHERE ISNUMERIC(datavalue) = 0
)
,Counts AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT
id
,ColId = RIGHT(ColumnName, LEN(ColumnName) - 5)
,Cnt = CAST(datavalue AS INT)
FROM #temp
WHERE ISNUMERIC(datavalue) = 1
)
SELECT
piv.id
,ABC = ISNULL(piv.ABC, 0)
,BEC = ISNULL(piv.BEC, 0)
,CDE = ISNULL(piv.CDE, 0)
,BBC = ISNULL(piv.BBC, 0)
FROM (SELECT i.id, i.Place, c.Cnt FROM IDs i JOIN Counts c ON c.id = i.id AND c.ColId = i.ColId) src
PIVOT ( SUM(Cnt)
FOR Place IN ([ABC], [BEC], [CDE], [BBC])
) piv;
Doing it with dynamic SQL would yield the following:
SET #query =
';WITH IDs AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT
id
,ColId = RIGHT(ColumnName, LEN(ColumnName) - 5)
,Place = datavalue
FROM #temp
WHERE ISNUMERIC(datavalue) = 0
)
,Counts AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT
id
,ColId = RIGHT(ColumnName, LEN(ColumnName) - 5)
,Cnt = CAST(datavalue AS INT)
FROM #temp
WHERE ISNUMERIC(datavalue) = 1
)
SELECT [ID], '+#cols+'
FROM
(
SELECT i.id, i.Place, c.Cnt
FROM IDs i
JOIN Counts c ON c.id = i.id AND c.ColId = i.ColId
) src
PIVOT
(SUM(Cnt) FOR Place IN ('+#cols+')) piv;';
EXECUTE (#query);
Try this out:
SELECT id,
COALESCE(ABC, 0) AS ABC,
COALESCE(BBC, 0) AS BBC,
COALESCE(BEC, 0) AS BEC,
COALESCE(CDE, 0) AS CDE
FROM
(SELECT id,
MIN(CASE WHEN columnname LIKE 'place%' THEN datavalue END) AS col,
CAST(MIN(CASE WHEN columnname LIKE 'count%' THEN datavalue END) AS INT) AS val
FROM t
GROUP BY id, RIGHT(columnname, 1)
) src
PIVOT
(SUM(val)
FOR col in ([ABC], [BBC], [BEC], [CDE])) pvt
Tested here: http://rextester.com/XUTJ68690
In the src query, you need to re-format your data, so that you have a unique id and place in each row. From there a pivot will work.
If the count is always immediately after the place, the following query will generate a data set for pivoting.
The result data set before pivoting has the following columns:
id, placename, count
select placeTable.id, placeTable.datavalue, countTable.datavalue
from
(select *, row_number() over (order by id, %%physloc%%) as rownum
from test
where isnumeric(datavalue) = 1
) as countTable
join
(select *, row_number() over (order by id, %%physloc%%) as rownum
from test
where isnumeric(datavalue) <> 1
) as placeTable
on countTable.id = placeTable.id and
countTable.rownum = placeTable.rownum
Tested on sqlfidde mssqlserver: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!6/701c91/18
Here is one other approach using PIVOT operator with dynamic style
declare #Col varchar(2000) = '',
#Query varchar(2000) = ''
set #Col = stuff(
(select ','+QUOTENAME(DataValue)
from table where isnumeric(DataValue) = 0
group by DataValue for xml path('')),1,1,'')
set #Query = 'select id, '+#Col+' from
(
select id, DataValue,
cast((case when isnumeric(DataValue) = 1 then DataValue else lead(DataValue) over (order by id) end) as int) Value
from table
) as a
PIVOT
(
sum(Value) for DataValue in ('+#Col+')
)pvt'
EXECUTE (#Query)
Note : I have used lead() function to access next rows data if i found character string values and replace with numeric data values
Result :
id ABC BBC BEC CDE
1 5 NULL NULL NULL
2 NULL NULL 21 6
3 NULL 9 NULL NULL
I would like some help pivoting. I have a dataset in SQL that looks like this
ID-----------VisitDate----------Metric------Value
1001---------2012-01-01---------Cajun-------40
1001---------2012-01-02---------Cajun-------30
1001---------2012-01-01---------Ham---------20
1003---------2012-01-02---------Ham---------10
1003---------2012-01-03---------Beef--------10
How can I pivot this dataset so that I transform it from long to wide format based on the ID and VisitDate Columns, so the dataset would look something like this:
ID-----------VisitDate----------Cajun------Ham--------Beef
1001---------2012-01-01---------40---------20---------Null
1001---------2012-01-02---------30---------Null-------Null
1003---------2012-01-02---------Null-------10---------Null
1003---------2012-01-03---------Null-------Null-------10
If you're sure that the value of Metric will only consists of Cajun, Ham and Beef, then this will do it:
SELECT
Id,
VisitDate,
Cajun = MAX(CASE WHEN Metric = 'Cajun' THEN Value END),
Ham = MAX(CASE WHEN Metric = 'Ham' THEN Value END),
Beef = MAX(CASE WHEN Metric = 'Beef' THEN Value END)
FROM YourTable
GROUP BY ID, VisitDate
ORDER BY ID, VisitDate
On the other hand, if you don't know the value of Metric, then you can use a Dynamic Cross Tab. For reference: http://www.sqlservercentral.com/articles/Crosstab/65048/
DECLARE #sql1 VARCHAR(4000) = ''
DECLARE #sql2 VARCHAR(4000) = ''
DECLARE #sql3 VARCHAR(4000) = ''
SELECT #sql1 =
'SELECT
ID
,VisitDate'
+ CHAR(10)
SELECT #sql2 = #sql2 +
' ,MAX(CASE WHEN Metric = ''' + Metric + ''' THEN Value END) AS [' + Metric + ']' + CHAR(10)
FROM(
SELECT DISTINCT Metric FROM YourTable
)t
SELECT #sql3 =
'FROM YourTable
GROUP BY ID, VisitDate
ORDER BY ID, VisitDate
'
PRINT(#sql1 + #sql2 + #sql3)
EXEC (#sql1 + #sql2 + #sql3)
RESULT
ID VisitDate Beef Cajun Ham
----------- ---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
1001 2012-01-01 NULL 40 20
1001 2012-01-02 NULL 30 NULL
1003 2012-01-02 NULL NULL 10
1003 2012-01-03 10 NULL NULL
Here's a link to sqlfiddle:
http://sqlfiddle.com/#!3/0445e/1
Here's how it looks like using PIVOT:
SELECT
ID,
VisitDate,
Cajun,
Ham,
Beef
FROM (
SELECT
ID,
VisitDate,
Metric,
Value
FROM
Bleh
) AS SourceTable PIVOT (
MAX (Value) FOR Metric IN (Cajun, Ham, Beef)
) AS PivotTable
Use PIVOT to get the result. Check the result in Fiddler
Ref. to learn SQL SERVER – PIVOT and UNPIVOT Table Examples
SELECT id,
visitdate,
SUM([Cajun]) AS [Cajun],
SUM([Ham]) AS [Ham],
SUM([beef]) AS [beef]
FROM Test AS A
PIVOT(MIN(A.value) FOR A.metric IN ([Cajun],[Ham],[beef])) AS B
GROUP BY id, visitdate
In the image above, i have shown table structure i use to store result of student. However I need to select data in such a manner such that depending on particular FEID(examination ID),
I get marks obtained and subID of single student in single row. Something like below:
FEID SubID1 MarksObtained SubID2 MarksObtained SubID3 MarksObtained StdID
2 1 0 2 0 3 0 50
2 1 45 2 45 3 45 51
Result Column wont affect outcome as for a particular stdID and FEID it remains same for no matter how many SubID are there.
Basically I am storing each subject marks in single row and subjects are can be any number( more than 3 as in this case) , which is not known before hand. But for each I create one row to enter its marks
I tried sytax below .
DECLARE #cols nvarchar(MAX);
--get the list of subids from the table
SELECT #cols = SubjectName from tbSubjects where SubID IN(select distinct SubID from tbFinalMarks);
Declare #sql nvarchar(MAX) = 'SELECT StdId, FEID, ' + #cols + 'FROM
(
SELECT * FROM tbFinalMarks
)t
PIVOT
(
MAX(MarksObtained) FOR SubId IN (' + #cols + ')
)p';
Something like this will do it. It will also dynamically add new columns for new sub ids without you needing to worry about it.
DECLARE #cols nvarchar(MAX);
--get the list of subids from the table
SELECT #cols = COALESCE(#cols + ',', '') + '[' + CAST(SubId AS nvarchar) + ']' FROM (SELECT DISTINCT SubId FROM table);
Declare #sql nvarchar(MAX) = 'SELECT StdId, FEID, ' + #cols + 'FROM
(
SELECT * FROM table
)t
PIVOT
(
MAX(MarksObtained) FOR SubId IN (' + #cols + ')
)p';
EXECUTE sp_executesql #sql;
Although you can use pivot, I think the explicit aggregation approach is easier to construct:
select feid,
1 as SubId_1,
max(case when SubId = 1 then MarksObtained end) as MarksObtained_1,
2 as SubId_2,
max(case when SubId = 2 then MarksObtained end) as MarksObtained_2,
3 as SubId_3,
max(case when SubId = 3 then MarksObtained end) as MarksObtained_3,
stdid
from table t
group by feid, stdid;
I have a trick problem with a pivot table to make:
I have a table which looks like:
id table object name type nvarchar date int bit
1 1 2 name 1 tables NULL NULL NULL
2 1 2 name 1 columns NULL NULL NULL
3 1 2 name 1 datatypes NULL NULL NULL
4 1 2 name 1 _users NULL NULL NULL
1 1 3 active 3 NULL NULL NULL 1
2 1 3 active 3 NULL NULL NULL 1
3 1 3 active 3 NULL NULL NULL 1
4 1 3 active 3 NULL NULL NULL 1
the output should look like:
id name active
1 tables 1
2 columns 1
3 datatypes 1
4 _users 1
Based upon the "type" I should put the correct data from the column in it, these columns are formated in nvarchar, bit, datetime, int, ect.
The "id" is the row id, the "name, active" comes from the name column and the values from nvarchar, date, int and bit columns.
UPDATE: the columns like nvarchar, date, int and bit (and most other SQL formats) are actually contain this type of data. The column "type" gives which column contains the data to being used, so if "type" is "1", than I want to use the "nvarchar" if "type" is "3" than I want to use the "bit" which contains really a bit and not a nvarchar. In the Pivot I want to have the bit under "active" column, if I have in the example a 3th column (name) for example "activation_date" I want to see a third column with the value (type = 2) from the date column.
I am lost in this, please help
Assuming there's only one not null column for each row:
with cte as (
select
id,
name,
coalesce(
[nvarchar],
convert(nvarchar(max), [date], 120),
cast([int] as nvarchar(max)),
cast([bit] as nvarchar(max))
) as value
from Table1 as t
)
select
id,
max(case when [name] = 'name' then value end) as [name],
max(case when [name] = 'active' then value end) as [active]
from cte
group by id
sql fiddle demo
But I must warn you, this types of database schema is not best way to use SQL.
If you want to do this dynamically without hardcoding columns:
declare #stmt nvarchar(max)
select #stmt =
isnull(#stmt + ', ', '') +
'max(case when [name] = ''' + name + ''' then value end) as ' + quotename([name])
from (select distinct [name] from Table1) as t
select #stmt = '
with cte as (
select
id,
name,
coalesce(
[nvarchar],
convert(nvarchar(max), [date], 120),
cast([int] as nvarchar(max)),
cast([bit] as nvarchar(max))
) as value
from Table1 as t
)
select
id, ' + #stmt + '
from cte
group by id
'
exec sp_executesql
#stmt = #stmt
sql fiddle demo
If you have some Mapping table like this:
name value
--------------------
name nvarchar
active bit
you can use this query:
declare #stmt nvarchar(max)
select #stmt =
isnull(#stmt + ', ', '') +
'max(case when [name] = ''' + name + ''' then [' + value + '] end) as ' + quotename([name])
from Mapping
select #stmt = '
select
id, ' + #stmt + '
from Table1
group by id
'
exec sp_executesql
#stmt = #stmt
sql fiddle demo
SELECT Name1, Name2, Value FROM mytable gives me the following result set:
Name1 Name2 Value
A P1 1
A P2 1
A P3 2
B P1 3
B P2 1
B P4 1
How do I translate that to:
A B
P1 1 4
P2 1 1
P3 2 null
P4 null 1
Thanks,
Since you are using SQL Server 2005, here is the code:
DECLARE #cols VARCHAR(1000)
DECLARE #sqlquery VARCHAR(2000)
SELECT #cols = STUFF(( SELECT distinct ',' + QuoteName([Name1])
FROM myTable FOR XML PATH('') ), 1, 1, '')
SET #sqlquery = 'SELECT * FROM
(SELECT Name2, Name1, Value
FROM myTable ) base
PIVOT (Sum(Value) FOR [Name1]
IN (' + #cols + ')) AS finalpivot'
EXECUTE ( #sqlquery )
This will work no matter how many different status you have. It dynamically assembles a query with PIVOT. The only way you can do PIVOT with dynamic columns is by assembling the the query dynamically, which can be done in SQL Server.
Other examples:
Pivot data in T-SQL
How do I build a summary by joining to a single table with SQL Server?
https://stackoverflow.com/q/8248059/570191
I don't have SQL Server running here at work so this may not by completely syntatically correct but one approach would be cross tabulation
SELECT name2
, SUM(CASE WHEN name1 = 'A' THEN value END) AS A
, SUM(CASE WHEN name1 = 'B' THEN value END) AS B
FROM table
GROUP BY name2
For variable number of columns you could use dynamic SQL:
DECLARE #sql varchar(max)
SELECT #sql = COALESCE(#sql+',','') + 'SUM(CASE WHEN nane1 = '''+name1+''' THEN value END) AS ['+name1']' FROM table
SET #sql = 'SELECT name2, '+#sql+' FROM table GROUP BY name2'
EXEC(#sql)
You can use a PIVOT clause. Your query could be something like this:
WITH Source as (
SELECT Name1, Name2, [Value]
FROM mytable
)
SELECT Name2, CASE WHEN A IS NOT NULL THEN A ELSE 'your string' END As A
, CASE WHEN B IS NOT NULL THEN B ELSE 'your string' END As B
FROM (
SELECT Name2, Name1, [Value]
FROM Source
) s
PIVOT
(
MAX([Value]) FOR Name1 IN (A, B) -- any other Name1 would go here
) p
using your sample data above, my results were
P1 1 3
P2 1 1
P3 2 your string
P4 your string 1
EDIT:
Since you have an unknown number of columns, you will need to look at using dynamic SQL and there are several answers here on SO about that with PIVOT.
SQL Server 2005 Pivot on Unknown Number of Columns
Pivot Table and Concatenate Columns