Split a column in T-SQL - sql

Question

I'm new to using T-SQL,
how do you separate an NVARCHAR column with the following information
[3293,"Maria","CA","Auto"]
[67093,"Joana","WA","Manual"]
I would like to get 4 columns like this
col1 col2 col3 col4
3293 Maria CA Auto
67093 Joana WA Manual
Thanks

Answer 1

Without the need for an aggregation.
Example
Select Col1 = JSON_VALUE([SomeCol],'$[0]')
,Col2 = JSON_VALUE([SomeCol],'$[1]')
,Col3 = JSON_VALUE([SomeCol],'$[2]')
,Col4 = JSON_VALUE([SomeCol],'$[3]')
From YourTable A
Results
Col1 Col2 Col3 Col4
3293 Maria CA Auto
67093 Joana WA Manual

Answer 2

You can use openjson and aggregate:
select
max(case when [key] = 0 then value end) col1,
max(case when [key] = 1 then value end) col2,
max(case when [key] = 2 then value end) col3,
max(case when [key] = 3 then value end) col4
from OpenJson('[3293,"Maria","CA","Auto"]')

Answer 3

One more suggestion uses a trick to stuff a json array into another array. This allows for a type-safe(!) and pivot/aggregate-free WITH-clause:
Declare a dummy table to provide a showcase (please do this yourself in your next question).
DECLARE #dummyTable TABLE(ID INT IDENTITY, YourJson NVARCHAR(MAX));
INSERT INTO #dummyTable(YourJson) VALUES
('[3293,"Maria","CA","Auto"]')
,('[67093,"Joana","WA","Manual"]');
--the query
SELECT t.ID
,JsonValues.*
FROM #dummyTable t
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(CONCAT('[',t.YourJson,']'))
WITH
(
TheNumber int '$[0]'
,Firstname nvarchar(100) '$[1]'
,[State] nvarchar(100) '$[2]'
,[Type] nvarchar(100) '$[3]'
) JsonValues;
The idea in short:
Using CONCAT() we add a [ and a ] around your array.
Now we can use WITH specifying the resulting column with name, type and the json path to grab it.
The result:
+----+-----------+-----------+-------+--------+
| ID | TheNumber | Firstname | State | Type |
+----+-----------+-----------+-------+--------+
| 1 | 3293 | Maria | CA | Auto |
+----+-----------+-----------+-------+--------+
| 2 | 67093 | Joana | WA | Manual |
+----+-----------+-----------+-------+--------+

Answer 4

Use 'OpenJson' and pass the column values in a loop.
--Step1: Create a Temporary table and add Row_Number
select ROW_NUMBER() over( order by COL) as r,*
INTO #Temp_table
from YourTable;
--Step2: Declare and set Variables
DECLARE #count INT;
DECLARE #row INT;
DECLARE #JSON NVARCHAR(250);
set #count= (select COUNT(1) FROM #Temp_table);
SET #row = 1;
--Step3: Create Final table (Here, using temp final table)
CREATE TABLE #TEMP_FINAL
(COL1 INT,COL2 VARCHAR(100),COL3 VARCHAR(100),COL4 VARCHAR(100));
--Step4: Iterate over loop
WHILE (#row <= #count) BEGIN
SELECT #JSON=COL FROM #Temp_table WHERE #row=r;
INSERT INTO #TEMP_FINAL
select
max(case when [key] = 0 then value end) col1,
max(case when [key] = 1 then value end) col2,
max(case when [key] = 2 then value end) col3,
max(case when [key] = 3 then value end) col4
from OpenJson(#JSON);
SET #row += 1;
END
--Step5: Select the values
SELECT * FROM #TEMP_FINAL
To have understanding, you can review following links
Row_Number: https://www.sqlservertutorial.net/sql-server-window-functions/sql-server-row_number-function/
While Loop: https://www.sqlshack.com/sql-while-loop-with-simple-examples/