I would like to update rows from a table where the foreign key is null with newly inserted row :
This is what I am trying to do but it doesn't work. I have seen the with and merge keyword but don't understand them. Can you help me ?
I could do that with a for loop in my function but maybe better solution can be found.
The DB is with Postgresql.
Thanks
update quotation_request qr
set qr.negotiation_id = (insert into negotiation n default values returning n.id)
from negotiation n
where qr.negotiation_id is null;
You can't embed an INSERT statement directly inside the SET clause of an UPDATE statement. What you can do is using a cte, something like this :
WITH list AS
( SELECT *
FROM quotation_request AS qr
WHERE qr.negotiation_id IS NULL
FOR UPDATE
), insert_list AS
( INSERT INTO negotiation VALUES (...)
SELECT (... default_values ...)
FROM list AS l
RETURNING id, columns_as_foreign_key
)
UPDATE quotation_request qr
SET negotiation_id = l.id
FROM list AS l
WHERE gr.foreign_key_columns = l.columns_as_foreign_key
Related
I have came up with below sql statement on oracle 11g for merge the data.
MERGE INTO myTable tgt
USING ( SELECT myTable.ROWID AS rid
FROM myTable
WHERE myTable.myRef = 'uuuu' or
myTable.name = 'sam'
--union
--select rowId,null from dual
) src
ON (tgt.rowid = src.rid)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
update set tgt.myRef = 'uuuu',tgt.name='name_worked'
when not matched then
insert (
tgt.myRef,tgt.name) values ('RRRR','HHH');
I need to insert data except ID column here which will manage from the trigger for primary key insertion. due to error ORA-38104: Columns referenced in the ON Clause cannot be updated i used RowId approach here.
now my issue is merge statement works fine when it comes to update but fail in inserting data in this situation.
I went through this post and added the union statement. but still it fails when goes to insert duplicate record due to the constraint in my table instead of running it smoothly.
Can anyone please help me out here? Appreciate it a lot. thank you in advanced.
==========Edited===========
Please find the complete code sample and the error messages below.
MERGE INTO myTable tgt
USING ( SELECT myTable.ROWID AS rid
FROM myTable
WHERE myTable.myRef = 'RRRR' or
myTable.mytablename = 'sam'
union
select rowId from dual
) src
ON (tgt.rowid = src.rid)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
update set tgt.myRef = 'uuuu',tgt.mytablename='myt_name', tgt.name='nameA'
when not matched then
insert (
tgt.mytableid,tgt.mytablename,tgt.name,tgt.myRef) values (11,'RRRR','HHH','myref1');
and my table is -
CREATE TABLE "sa"."MYTABLE"
(
"MYTABLEID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
"MYTABLENAME" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE) NOT NULL ENABLE,
"NAME" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE),
"MYREF" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE),
CONSTRAINT "MYTABLE_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("MYTABLEID", "MYTABLENAME")
)
if i run this first time it will insert the record as expected.
when i run it the second time my expectation is it should match the myRef = 'RRRR' and do the update. i intentionally put 'or' between condition because if i find any value exist in the table it should go and update the existing record.
but instead of doing that update it will throw this error because merge statement try to insert again.
SQL Error: ORA-00001: unique constraint (sa.MYTABLE_PK) violated
00001. 00000 - "unique constraint (%s.%s) violated"
my requirement is when it run the first time it should insert and when i run the same again it should pick that record and update it. Please let me know what to adjust in my merge statement in order to work as expected here. Thanks in advance.
The below MERGE query is what you are looking for.
MERGE INTO myTable tgt
USING ( select x.rid from
(SELECT myTable.ROWID AS rid
FROM myTable
WHERE myTable.myRef IN ('myref1','uuuu')) x
right outer join dual
on x.rowid <> dual.rowid
) src
ON (tgt.rowid = src.rid)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
update set tgt.myRef = 'uuuu',tgt.mytablename='myt_name', tgt.name='nameA'
when not matched then
insert (tgt.mytableid,tgt.mytablename,tgt.name,tgt.myRef) values (mytable_seq.nextval,'RRRR','HHH','myref1');
There have been 3 changes made from the query that you provided.
Inside the 'using' subquery 'RRRR' was being checked in myTable.myRef column, but while inserting 'myref1' was being inserted in the same. Hence this has been changed in the using subquery to check 'myref1'.
'uuuu' has been introduced in the same check.
DUAL tas been introduced in right outer join.
The query will process as below -
1.During first run, there would be no row in mytable. Hence the right outer join with dual will prevail. This will enable the insert to happen.
During 2nd run, there will be a row with myRef column of 'myref1'. Its Rowid will be picked up and the Update will happen. After update, myRef column will be updated to 'uuuu'.
3.During all subsequent runs, 1 row will always be returned in the inside using subquery, this time because of the column value of 'uuuu'. This will enable the update to happen , which will again update the columns with the same existing values.
Thus in effect, 1st time INSERT will happen and in all subsequent times UPDATE will take place.
It appears you want something like the following:
MERGE INTO MYTABLE t
USING (SELECT newID, newTable_name from DUAL) d
ON (t.MYTABLEID = d.newID AND
t.MYTABLENAME = d.newTable_name)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET NAME = newName,
MYREF = newRef
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (MYTABLEID, MYTABLENAME, NAME, MYREF)
VALUES (newID, newTable_name, newName, newRef)
where the variables newID, newTable_name, newName, and newRef are populated from whatever source of data you're using.
Also - do you really want the primary key to be (MYTABLEID, MYTABLENAME)? Can you actually have multiple rows with the same MYTABLEID value? And do you really want to allow multiple rows having the same MYTABLENAME value? My thought is that the primary key should be MYTABLEID, with a UNIQUE constraint on MYTABLENAME. If this is the case then MYTABLEID is redundant, and MYTABLENAME could be used as the primary key. ????
Best of luck.
I was able to make this work on below query.
MERGE INTO myTable tgt
USING ( SELECT (SELECT myTable.ROWID AS rid
FROM myTable
WHERE myTable.myRef = '2' or
myTable.mytablename = 'sam'
) as rid from dual) src
ON (tgt.rowid = src.rid)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
update set tgt.myRef = 'uuuu',tgt.mytablename='test1', tgt.name='nameA'
when not matched then
insert (
tgt.mytableid,tgt.mytablename,tgt.name,tgt.myRef) values (11,'RRRR1','1','2');
first time it will insert the row and for subsequent runs it will update the row.
I am trying to use a merge to a table.
What I am having trouble with is getting the matching name from the code that exists in the original table. I will put my code and explain further:
MERGE INTO ResultTable R
USING InitialTable IT
ON (false)
WHEN MATCHED THEN -- do some stuff
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (PrimaryKey,..., ThingFromJoinedTable)
VALUES (Seq.NEXTVAL, ..., ??? );
So the Initial table has a foreign key and I want to get the matching value in the Joined table.
Anyone have any idea on how to do so, I have tried having a nested select with a join, but it gives me a single-row subquery returns more than one row error.
Something like this:
MERGE INTO ResultTable R
USING ( SELECT it.this, it.that, third.this, third.that
FROM InitialTable it
JOIN ThirdTable third ON <your join criteria> ) SRC
/* depending on which columns you want for the join */
ON (r.col1 = src.col1 and r.col2 = src.col2)
WHEN MATCHED THEN -- do some stuff
/* depending on which columns you need to merge */
UPDATE SET
r.col4 = src.col4,
r.col5 = src.col5,
etc.
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (PrimaryKey,..., colThis, colThat, ....)
VALUES (Seq.NEXTVAL, ..., src.colThis, src.colThat );
I've predominantly used mySQL so moving over to azure and sql server I realise that on duplicate does not work.
I'm trying to do this:
INSERT INTO records (jid, pair, interval, entry) VALUES (1, 'alpha', 3, 'unlimited') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE entry = "limited";
But of course on duplicate key isn't allowed here. So MERGE is the right form.
I've looked at:
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/bb522522(v=sql.105).aspx
But honestly the example is a bit excessive and eye watering. Could someone dumb it down for me to fit my example so I can understand it better?
In order to do the merge you need some form of source table/table var for the merge statement. Then you can do the merging. So something along the lines of this maybe (note: not completely syntax checked, apologies in advance):
WITH src AS (
-- This should be your source
SELECT 1 AS Id, 2 AS Val
)
-- The above is not neccessary if you have a source table
MERGE Target -- the detination table, so in your case records
USING src -- as defined above
ON (Target.Id = src.Id) -- how do we join the tables
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET
-- if we dont match, what do to the destination table. This case insert it.
THEN INSERT(Id, Val) VALUES(src.Id, src.Val)
WHEN MATCHED
-- what do we do if we match. This case update Val
THEN UPDATE SET Target.Val = src.Val;
Don't forget to read the proper syntax page: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb510625.aspx
I think this translates to your example (tm):
WITH src AS (
-- This should be your source
SELECT 1 AS jid, 'alpha' AS pair, 3 as 'interval'
)
MERGE records -- the detination table, so in your case records
USING src -- as defined above
ON (records.Id = src.Id) -- how do we join the tables
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET
-- if we dont match, what do to the destination table. This case insert it.
THEN INSERT(jid, pair, interval, entry) VALUES(src.jid, src.pair, src.interval, 'unlimited')
WHEN MATCHED
-- what do we do if we match. This case update Val
THEN UPDATE SET records.entry = 'limited';
I am facing a problem and cant find any solution to this. I have a source table (T) where I get data from field. The data may contain duplicate records with time stamp. My objective is to take the field data and store it into a final table (F) having the same structure.
Before inserting I check whether key field exists or not in the F if yes I update the the record in F with the latest one from T. Other wise I Insert the record in F from T. This works fine as long as there is no duplicate record in T. In case T has two records of the same key with different time stamp. It always inserts both the record (In case the key is primary key the insert operation fails). I am using following code for the operation -
IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM [Final_Table] F, TMP_Source T WHERE T.IKEy =F.IKEY)
begin
print 'Update'
UPDATE [Final_Table]
SET [FULLNAME] = T.FULLNAME
,[FATHERNAME] = T.FATHERNAME
,[MOTHERNAME] = T.MOTHERNAME
,[SPOUSENAME] = T.SPOUSENAME
from TMP_Source T
WHERE Final_Table.IKEy = T.IKEy
and [Final_Table].[RCRD_CRN_DATE] < T.RCRD_CRN_DATE
--Print 'Update'
end
else
begin
INSERT INTO [Final_Table]
([IKEy],[FTIN],[FULLNAME],[FATHERNAME],[MOTHERNAME],[SPOUSENAME]
)
Select IKEy,FTIN,FULLNAME,FATHERNAME,MOTHERNAME,SPOUSENAME
from TMP_Source
end
The problem comes when I my T table has entries like -
IKey RCRD_CRN_DATE ...
123 10-11-2013-12.20.30
123 10-11-2013-12.20.35
345 10-11-2013-01.10.10
All three are inserted in the F table.
Please help.
Remove all but the latest row as a first step (well, in a CTE) using ROW_NUMBER() before attempting to perform the insert:
;WITH UniqueRows AS (
SELECT IKey,RCRD_CRN_DATE,FULL_NAME,FATHER_NAME,MOTHER_NAME,SPOUSENAME,FTIN,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY IKey ORDER BY RCRD_CRN_DATE desc) as rn
FROM TMP_Source
)
MERGE INTO Final_Table t
USING (SELECT * FROM UniqueRows WHERE rn = 1) s
ON t.IKey = s.IKey
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE
SET [FULLNAME] = s.FULLNAME
,[FATHERNAME] = s.FATHERNAME
,[MOTHERNAME] = s.MOTHERNAME
,[SPOUSENAME] = s.SPOUSENAME
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT
([IKEy],[FTIN],[FULLNAME],[FATHERNAME],[MOTHERNAME],[SPOUSENAME]) VALUES
(s.IKEy,s.FTIN,s.FULLNAME,s.FATHERNAME,s.MOTHERNAME,s.SPOUSENAME);
(I may not have all the columns entirely correct, they seem to keep switching around in your question)
(As you may have noticed, I've also switched to using MERGE since it allows us to express everything as a single declarative statement rather than writing procedural code)
Is there any way to do some kind of "WITH...UPDATE" action on SQL?
For example:
WITH changes AS
(...)
UPDATE table
SET id = changes.target
FROM table INNER JOIN changes ON table.id = changes.base
WHERE table.id = changes.base;
Some context information: What I'm trying to do is to generate a base/target list from a table and then use it to change values in another table (changing values equal to base into target)
Thanks!
You can use merge, with the equivalent of your with clause as the using clause, but because you're updating the field you're joining on you need to do a bit more work; this:
merge into t42
using (
select 1 as base, 10 as target
from dual
) changes
on (t42.id = changes.base)
when matched then
update set t42.id = changes.target;
.. gives error:
ORA-38104: Columns referenced in the ON Clause cannot be updated: "T42"."ID"
Of course, it depends a bit what you're doing in the CTE, but as long as you can join to your table withint that to get the rowid you can use that for the on clause instead:
merge into t42
using (
select t42.id as base, t42.id * 10 as target, t42.rowid as r_id
from t42
where id in (1, 2)
) changes
on (t42.rowid = changes.r_id)
when matched then
update set t42.id = changes.target;
If I create my t42 table with an id column and have rows with values 1, 2 and 3, this will update the first two to 10 and 20, and leave the third one alone.
SQL Fiddle demo.
It doesn't have to be rowid, it can be a real column if it uniquely identifies the row; normally that would be an id, which would normally never change (as a primary key), you just can't use it and update it at the same time.