How to show only the latest record in SQL - sql

Question

I have this issue where I want to show only the latest record (Col 1). I deleted the date column thinking that it might not work if it has different values. but if that's the case, then the record itself has a different name (Col 1) because it has a different date in the name of it.
Is it possible to fetch one record in this case?
The code:
SELECT distinct p.ID,
max(at.Date) as date,
at.[RAPID3 Name] as COL1,
at.[DLQI Name] AS COL2,
at.[HAQ-DI Name] AS COL3,
phy.name as phyi,
at.State_ID
FROM dbo.[Assessment Tool] as at
Inner join dbo.patient as p on p.[ID] = at.[Owner (Patient)_Patient_ID]
Inner join dbo.[Physician] as phy on phy.ID = p.Physician_ID
where (at.State_ID in (162, 165,168) and p.ID = 5580)
group by
at.[RAPID3 Name],
at.[DLQI Name],
at.[HAQ-DI Name],
p.ID, phy.name,
at.State_ID
SS:
In this SS I want to show only the latest record (COL 1) of this ID "5580". Means the first row for this ID.
Thank you

Answer 1

The Most Accurate way to handle this.
Extract The Date.
Than use Top and Order.
create table #Temp(
ID int,
Col1 Varchar(50) null,
Col2 Varchar(50) null,
Col3 Varchar(50) null,
Phyi Varchar(50) null,
State_ID int)
Insert Into #Temp values(5580,'[9/29/2021]-[9.0]High Severity',null,null,'Eman Elshorpagy',168)
Insert Into #Temp values(5580,'[10/3/2021]-[9.3]High Severity',null,null,'Eman Elshorpagy',168)
select top 1 * from #Temp as t
order by cast((Select REPLACE((SELECT REPLACE((SELECT top 1 Value FROM STRING_SPLIT(t.Col1,'-')),'[','')),']','')) as date) desc

Answer 2

This is close to ANSI standard, and it also caters for the newest row per id.
The principle is to use ROW_NUMBER() using a descending order on the date/timestamp (using a DATE type instead of a DATETIME and avoiding the keyword DATE for a column name) in one query, then to select from that query using the result of row number for the filter.
-- your input, but 2 id-s to show how it works with many ..
indata(id,dt,col1,phyi,state_id) AS (
SELECT 5580,DATE '2021-10-03','[10/3/2021] - [9,3] High Severity','Eman Elshorpagy',168
UNION ALL SELECT 5580,DATE '2021-09-29','[9/29/2021] - [9,0] High Severity','Eman Elshorpagy',168
UNION ALL SELECT 5581,DATE '2021-10-03','[10/3/2021] - [9,3] High Severity','Eman Elshorpagy',168
UNION ALL SELECT 5581,DATE '2021-09-29','[9/29/2021] - [9,0] High Severity','Eman Elshorpagy',168
)
-- real query starts here, replace following comman with "WITH" ...
,
with_rank AS (
SELECT
*
, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY dt DESC) AS rank_id
FROM indata
)
SELECT
id
, dt
, col1
, phyi
, state_id
FROM with_rank
WHERE rank_id=1
;
id | dt | col1 | phyi | state_id
------+------------+-----------------------------------+-----------------+----------
5580 | 2021-10-03 | [10/3/2021] - [9,3] High Severity | Eman Elshorpagy | 168
5581 | 2021-10-03 | [10/3/2021] - [9,3] High Severity | Eman Elshorpagy | 168