Let assume i have 3 model like this
type Violation struct{
ID uint `gorm:"primaryKey"`
ViolationName string
ViolationPoint int
}
type Student struct{
ID uint `gorm:"primaryKey"`
StudentName string
}
type ViolationRecord struct{
ID uint `gorm:"primaryKey"`
ViolationID int
V Violation `gorm:"constraint:OnUpdate:CASCADE,OnDelete:SET NULL;foreignKey:ViolationID;references:ID"`
StudentID int
S Student `gorm:"constraint:OnUpdate:CASCADE,OnDelete:SET NULL;foreignKey:StudentID;references:ID"`
RecordDate time.Time
}
Everything gonna be fine for CRUD system, but the new request is show total of the violation record/ student and sum the violation point.
i have try this
type ViolationSummary struct {
count int
sum int
}
func(s *Server) ShowSummary(id int){
var vs ViolationSummary
s.DB.Table("violation_records").
Select("count(violation_records.id) as count, sum(violations.violation_point) as sum").
Joins("left join violations on violation_records.violation_id=violations.id").Where("student_id = ?",id).Scan(&vs)
fmt.Println(vs.count)
fmt.Println(vs.sum)
}
but this function always show 0 value
I Have solve my problem with this code, i hope it can help.
func(s *Server) ShowSummary(id int){
vr:= []models.ViolationRecord{}
var total int64 = 0
var point int64 = 0
err:= s.DB.Where("student_id = ?",id).Preload(clause.Associations).Find(&vr).Error
if err != nil {
fmt.println("Error on load data")
}
for _, element := range vr {
total += 1
point += int64(element.V.ViolationPoint)
}
fmt.println(total)
fmt.println(point)
}
Related
enter image description here
Sorry im new to coding . I have searched up possible solutions for this on here but they didnt work. Im also confused on why some code appears grey compared to the rest.
https://1drv.ms/w/s!Ag8vVFKVPyOg6HeYLehGjQKdvl_3?e=QHY6t9
#include <stdio.h>
// initialised variables
int i = 0;
int count = 0;
void displayfunction(void);
int month = 0;
void highervalues(float array1[12], float array2[12]);
void highervalues(float array1[12], float array2[12]) {
for (i = 12; i > 0; i--) {
if (array2[i] > array1[i]) {
count = count + 1;
}
}
}
//Reading values for array1 and array2
void displayfunction(void) {
highervalues(array1[12] , array2[12]);
for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
month = month + 1; // month increases by 1 after each input
printf_s("enter values for year 1 month %d", month);
scanf_s("%f", &array1[i]);
}
for (month = 12; month > 0; month--) {
}
for (i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
month = month + 1;
printf_s("enter values for year 2 month %d", month);
scanf_s("%f", &array2[i]);
}
}
/*comapring 2 arrays and increasing count value if there are any value in array2
are greater than array1*/
int main() {
displayfunction();
int array1[12];
int array2[12];
}
You have a fundamental misunderstanding of variable scope
int main() {
displayfunction();
int array1[12];
int array2[12];
}
Those arrays are only available in main. If you want other functions to operate on them you have to pass them as paramters to those functions. Plus they dont exist at the point where you try to call displayFunction
So change
void displayfunction(void)
to
void displayfunction(float array1[12], float array2[12])
then in main do
int main() {
int a1[12];
int a2[12];
displayfunction(a1, a2);
}
Note that I have changed the names here just to emphasise that its the not the fact that the names are the same thats important.
I am new to Go and I'm trying to populate a struct called Reliefworker from an SQL query which I can send as a JSON payload.
Essentially I have a Reliefworker who may be assigned to many communities and the community can consist of multiple regions.
I suspect there is a clever way of doing this other than what I intend which is a primitive solution that will add a sort to the SQL (by Community) and create a function that detects if the community being added is different to the previous one, in which case I would create a new community struct type object to be appended.
type Reliefworker struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Communities []Community `json:"community"`
Deployment_id string `json:"deployment_id"`
}
type Community struct{
Name string `json:"name"`
community_id string `json:"community_id"`
Regions []Region `json:"regions"`
}
type Region struct{
Name string `json:"name"`
Region_id string `json:"region_id"`
Reconstruction_grant string `json:"reconstruction_grant"`
Currency string `json:"currency"`
}
Currently I have created a struct that reflects what I am actually getting from SQL whilst pondering my next move. Perhaps this might be a good stepping stone instead of attempting an on-the-fly transformation ?
type ReliefWorker_community_region struct {
Deployment_id string
Community_title int
Region_name string
Reconstruction_grant int
}
func GetReliefWorkers(deployment_id string) []Reliefworker {
fmt.Printf("Confirm I have a deployment id:%v\n", deployment_id)
rows, err := middleware.Db.Query("select deployment_id, community_title, region_name, reconstruction_grant WHERE Deployment_id=$1", brand_id)
if err != nil {
return
}
for rows.Next() {
reliefworker := Reliefworker{}
err = rows.Scan(&deployment_id, &community_title, ®ion_name, &reconstruction_grant)
if err != nil {
return
}
}
rows.Close()
return
}
I think a sort makes a lot of sense, primitive solutions can be the most efficient:
func GetReliefWorkers(deployment_id string) []Reliefworker {
// Added sort to query
q := "select worker_name, community_title, region_name, reconstruction_grant WHERE deployment_id=? ORDER BY community_title"
rows, err := middleware.Db.Query(q, deployment_id)
if err != nil {
return
}
defer rows.Close() // So rows get closed even on an error
c := Community{} // To keep track of the current community
cmatrix := [][]string{[]string{}} // Matrix of communities and workers
communities := []Community{} // List of communities
workers := make(map[string]Reliefworker) // Map of workers
var ccount int // Index of community in lists
for rows.Next() {
w := Reliefworker{Deployment_id: deployment_id}
r := Region{}
var ctitle string // For comparison later
err = rows.Scan(&w.Name, &ctitle, &r.Name, &r.Reconstruction_grant)
if err != nil {
return
}
if ctitle != c.Name {
communities = append(communities, c)
c = Community{}
c.Name = ctitle
ccount++
cmatrix = append(cmatrix, []string{})
}
c.Regions = append(c.Regions, r)
cmatrix[ccount] = append(cmatrix[ccount], w.Name)
workers[w.Name] = w
}
for i, c := range communities {
for _, id := range cmatrix[i] {
w := workers[id] // To avoid error
w.Communities = append(w.Communities, c)
workers[id] = w
}
}
out := []Reliefworker{}
for _, w := range workers {
out = append(out, w)
}
return out
}
Though it might make even more sense to create seperate tables for communities, regions, and workers, then query them all with a JOIN: https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_join_inner.asp
UPDATE: Since you only want to retrieve one Reliefworker, would something like this work?
type ReliefWorker struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Communities []Community `json:"community"`
}
type Community struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Regions []Region `json:"regions"`
}
type Region struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Region_id string `json:"region_id"`
Reconstruction_grant int `json:"reconstruction_grant"`
Currency string `json:"currency"`
}
func GetReliefWorkers(deployment_id string) Reliefworker {
reliefworker := Reliefworker{}
communities := make(map[string]Community)
rows, err := middleware.Db.Query("select name, community_title, region_name, region_id, reconstruction_grant WHERE Deployment_id=$1", deployment_id)
if err != nil {
if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
fmt.Printf("No records for ReliefWorker:%v\n", deployment_id)
}
panic(err)
}
defer rows.Close()
for rows.Next() {
c := Community{}
r := Region{}
err = rows.Scan(&reliefworker.Name, &c.Name, &r.Name, &r.Region_id, &r.Reconstruction_grant)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
if _, ok := communities[c.Name]; ok {
c = communities[c.Name]
}
c.Regions = append(c.Regions, r)
communities[c.Name] = c
}
for _, c := range commmunities {
reliefworker.Communities = append(reliefworker.Communities, c)
}
return reliefworker
}
Ok, my crude solution doesn't contain a shred of the intelligence #Absentbird demonstrates but I'm here to learn.
#Absentbird I love your use of maps and multidimensional arrays to hold a matrix of communities and workers. I will focus on making this part of my arsenal over the weekend.
I can accept and adapt #Absentbird's solution once I have a solution to why it gives the error "cannot assign to struct field workers[id].Communities in mapcompilerUnaddressableFieldAssign" for the line workers[id].Communities = append(workers[id].Communities, c)
Firstly apologies as I had to correct two things. Firstly I only needed to return ReliefWorkers (not an array of ReliefWorkers). Secondly ReliefWorker struct did not need to contain the Deployment_id since I already knew it.
I am new to Go so I'd really appreciate feedback on what I can do to better leverage the language and write more concise code.
My structs and solution is currently as follows:
type ReliefWorker struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Communities []Community `json:"community"`
}
type Community struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Regions []Region `json:"regions"`
}
type Region struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Region_id string `json:"region_id"`
Reconstruction_grant int `json:"reconstruction_grant"`
Currency string `json:"currency"`
}
type ReliefWorker_community_region struct {
Name string
Community_title string
Region_name string
Reconstruction_grant int
}
func GetReliefWorkers(deployment_id string) Reliefworker {
var reliefworker Reliefworker
var communitiesOnly []string
var name string
var allReliefWorkerData []ReliefWorker_community_region
rows, err := middleware.Db.Query("select name, community_title, region_name, reconstruction_grant WHERE Deployment_id=$1", deployment_id)
for rows.Next() {
reliefWorker_community_region := ReliefWorker_community_region{}
err = rows.Scan(&reliefWorker_community_region.Name, &reliefWorker_community_region.Community_title, &reliefWorker_community_region.Region_name, &reliefWorker_community_region.Reconstruction_grant)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
name = reliefWorker_community_region.Name
allReliefWorkerData = append(allReliefWorkerData, reliefWorker_community_region)
communitiesOnly = append(communitiesOnly, reliefWorker_community_region.Community_title) //All communities go in here, even duplicates, will will create a unique set later
}
rows.Close()
if err != nil {
if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
fmt.Printf("No records for ReliefWorker:%v\n", deployment_id)
}
panic(err)
}
var unique []string //Use this to create a unique index of communities
for _, v := range communitiesOnly {
skip := false
for _, u := range unique {
if v == u {
skip = true
break
}
}
if !skip {
unique = append(unique, v)
}
}
fmt.Println(unique)
reliefworker.Name = name
var community Community
var communities []Community
for _, v := range unique {
community.Name = v
communities = append(communities, community)
}
// Go through each record from the database held within allReliefWorkerData and grab every region belonging to a Community, when done append it to Communities and finally append that to ReliefWorker
for j, u := range communities {
var regions []Region
for i, v := range allReliefWorkerData {
if v.Community_title == u.Name {
var region Region
region.Name = v.Region_name
region.Reconstruction_grant = v.Reconstruction_grant
regions = append(regions, region)
}
}
communities[j].Regions = regions
}
reliefworker.Communities = communities
return reliefworker
}
Whenever I try to get (select/scan) the Groups (outer struct) along with their Collaborators (inner structs), I'm getting the following error :
// sql: Scan error on column index ..., name "collaborators": unsupported Scan, storing driver.Value type []uint8 into type *[]User
I'm using sqlx (with pgx driver).
the code to fetch from db is :
func (psql *Postgres) GetGroups(someParam string) ([]Group, error) {
groups := []Group{}
err := psql.db.Unsafe().Select(&groups, <the query ...>, someParam)
....
}
type Postgres struct {
db *sqlx.DB
config *config.PostgresDB
timeout time.Duration
}
This is the SQL query :
SELECT groups.id,
groups.title,
JSONB_AGG(JSONB_BUILD_OBJECT(
'id', u.id,
'first_name', u.first_name,
'last_name', u.last_name,
'user_pic_url', u.user_pic_url)) as collaborators
FROM groups
JOIN user_group_permissions p
ON p.group_id = groups.id
JOIN users u
ON u.id = p.user_id
These are the structs :
type Group struct {
Id string `json:"id" db:"id"`
Title string `json:"title" db:"title"`
Collaborators []User `json:"collaborators" db:"collaborators"`
}
type User struct {
Id string `json:"id" db:"id"`
FirstName string `json:"first_name" db:"first_name"`
LastName string `json:"last_name" db:"last_name"`
ProfilePhoto *string `json:"profile_photo" db:"user_pic_url"`
}
I have a simple Group table , a User table and table which represents all users with Permissions to the group :
CREATE TABLE groups (
id int UNIQUE NOT NULL generated always as identity,
title text
)
CREATE TABLE users (
id bigint UNIQUE NOT NULL generated always as identity,
first_name text NOT NULL,
last_name text NOT NULL,
user_pic_url text
)
CREATE TABLE user_group_permissions (
group_id unsigned_int,
user_id unsigned_bigint,
permission unsigned_smallint,
)
CREATE DOMAIN unsigned_smallint AS smallint
CHECK(VALUE >= 0 AND VALUE < 32767);
CREATE DOMAIN unsigned_int AS int
CHECK(VALUE >= 0 AND VALUE < 2147483647);
CREATE DOMAIN unsigned_bigint AS bigint
CHECK(VALUE >= 0 AND VALUE < 9223372036854775807);
import "encoding/json"
type Group struct {
Id string `json:"id" db:"id"`
Title string `json:"title" db:"title"`
Collaborators UserList `json:"collaborators" db:"collaborators"`
}
type User struct {
Id string `json:"id" db:"id"`
FirstName string `json:"first_name" db:"first_name"`
LastName string `json:"last_name" db:"last_name"`
ProfilePhoto *string `json:"profile_photo" db:"user_pic_url"`
}
type UserList []User
func (list *UserList) Scan(src interface{}) error {
var data []byte
switch v := src.(type) {
case []byte:
data = v
case string:
data = []byte(v)
default:
return nil // or return some error
}
return json.Unmarshal(data, list)
}
I'm running PG 9.5 on Win 10 64-bit. I'm compiling C under VS 2016.
I am forming a function that will evolve into a somewhat complex beast. To test out my initial efforts, the function accepts an array of int4 (this works fine and the code for processing it is not shown here). The function then grabs a few rows from a table, pushes the values into a FIFO, then pulls them out and renders the results. This approach is strategic to how the function will operate when complete.
The function works fine on first call, then throws this on any further calls:
ERROR: cache lookup failed for type 0 SQL state: XX000
I have no idea what is causing this.
However, sometimes it doesn't throw an error but executes without end.
Here is my code as lean as I can get it for question purposes:
PG:
CREATE TABLE md_key
(
id serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
pid int4 NOT NULL,
key integer NOT NULL,
vals int4[]
);
…
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION md_key_query(int4[])
RETURNS TABLE (
id int4,
vals int4[]) AS E'\RoctPG', --abreviated for question
'md_key_query'
LANGUAGE c IMMUTABLE STRICT;
…
select * from md_key_query(array[1,2,3,4]::int4[])
C:
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(md_key_query);
typedef struct
{
Datum id;
Datum vals;
} MdKeyNode;
typedef struct fifoAry
{
MdKeyNode nodes[32];
struct fifoAry *next;
int32 readpos;
int32 writepos;
} FifoAry;
typedef struct
{
FifoAry *fifo;
FifoAry *tail;
FifoAry *head;
uint32 nodescount;
Datum *retvals[2];
bool *retnulls[2];
} CtxArgs;
inline void push(CtxArgs *args, Datum id, Datum vals)
{
if (args->head->writepos == 32)
args->head = args->head->next = (FifoAry*)palloc0(sizeof(FifoAry));
MdKeyNode *node = &(args->head->nodes[args->head->writepos++]);
node->id = id;
node->vals = vals;
args->nodescount++;
}
inline MdKeyNode* pop(CtxArgs *args)
{
// if (!args->nodescount)
// return NULL;
if (args->tail->readpos == 32)
args->tail = args->tail->next;
args->nodescount--;
return &(args->tail->nodes[args->tail->readpos++]);
}
// use STRICT in the caller wrapper to ensure a null isn't passed in
PGMODULEEXPORT Datum md_key_query(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
uint32 i;
FuncCallContext *funcctx;
HeapTuple tuple;
MdKeyNode *node;
CtxArgs *args;
if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
{
funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();
MemoryContext oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);
ArrayType *a = PG_GETARG_ARRAYTYPE_P(0);
Datum *in_datums;
bool *in_nulls;
bool fieldNull;
SPITupleTable *tuptable = SPI_tuptable;
int32 ret;
uint32 proc;
if (get_call_result_type(fcinfo, NULL, &funcctx->tuple_desc) != TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE)
ereport(ERROR, (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED), errmsg("function returning record called in context that cannot accept type record")));
deconstruct_array(a, INT4OID, 4, true, 'i', &in_datums, &in_nulls, &ret);
if (!ret)
PG_RETURN_NULL();
(SPI_connect();
// initialize and set the cross-call structure
funcctx->user_fctx = args = (CtxArgs*)palloc0(sizeof(CtxArgs));
args->fifo = args->tail = args->head = (FifoAry*)palloc0(sizeof(FifoAry));
args->retvals = (Datum*)palloc(sizeof(Datum) * 2);
args->retnulls = (bool*)palloc0(sizeof(bool) * 2);
BlessTupleDesc(funcctx->tuple_desc);
// do some work here
// this is simply a test to see if this function is behaving as expected
ret = SPI_execute("select id, vals from public.md_key where vals is not null limit 64", true, 0);
if (ret <= 0)
ereport(ERROR, (errcode(ERRCODE_SQL_ROUTINE_EXCEPTION), errmsg("could not execute SQL")));
proc = SPI_processed;
if (proc > 0)
{
TupleDesc tupdesc = SPI_tuptable->tupdesc;
SPITupleTable *tuptable = SPI_tuptable;
for (i = 0; i < proc; i++)
{
tuple = tuptable->vals[i];
push(args, SPI_getbinval(tuple, tupdesc, 1, &fieldNull), SPI_getbinval(tuple, tupdesc, 2, &fieldNull));
}
}
SPI_finish();
MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
}
funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
args = funcctx->user_fctx;
if (args->nodescount > 0)
{
node = pop(args);
args->retvals[0] = node->id;
args->retvals[1] = node->vals;
tuple = heap_form_tuple(funcctx->tuple_desc, args->retvals, args->retnulls);
SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, HeapTupleGetDatum(tuple));
}
else
{
SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
}
}
Fixed it. Moved one command as shown here:
{
// function is unstable if this is put earlier
SPI_finish();
SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
}
Let's say I have a struct:
type User struct {
Name string
Id int
Score int
}
And a database table with the same schema. What's the easiest way to parse a database row into a struct? I've added an answer below but I'm not sure it's the best one.
Go package tests often provide clues as to ways of doing things. For example, from database/sql/sql_test.go,
func TestQuery(t *testing.T) {
/* . . . */
rows, err := db.Query("SELECT|people|age,name|")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Query: %v", err)
}
type row struct {
age int
name string
}
got := []row{}
for rows.Next() {
var r row
err = rows.Scan(&r.age, &r.name)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Scan: %v", err)
}
got = append(got, r)
}
/* . . . */
}
func TestQueryRow(t *testing.T) {
/* . . . */
var name string
var age int
var birthday time.Time
err := db.QueryRow("SELECT|people|age,name|age=?", 3).Scan(&age)
/* . . . */
}
Which, for your question, querying a row into a structure, would translate to something like:
var row struct {
age int
name string
}
err = db.QueryRow("SELECT|people|age,name|age=?", 3).Scan(&row.age, &row.name)
I know that looks similar to your solution, but it's important to show how to find a solution.
I recommend github.com/jmoiron/sqlx.
From the README:
sqlx is a library which provides a set of extensions on go's standard
database/sql library. The sqlx versions of sql.DB, sql.TX,
sql.Stmt, et al. all leave the underlying interfaces untouched, so
that their interfaces are a superset on the standard ones. This makes
it relatively painless to integrate existing codebases using
database/sql with sqlx.
Major additional concepts are:
Marshal rows into structs (with embedded struct support), maps, and slices
Named parameter support including prepared statements
Get and Select to go quickly from query to struct/slice
The README also includes a code snippet demonstrating scanning a row into a struct:
type Place struct {
Country string
City sql.NullString
TelephoneCode int `db:"telcode"`
}
// Loop through rows using only one struct
place := Place{}
rows, err := db.Queryx("SELECT * FROM place")
for rows.Next() {
err := rows.StructScan(&place)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%#v\n", place)
}
Note that we didn't have to manually map each column to a field of the struct. sqlx has some default mappings for struct fields to database columns, as well as being able to specify database columns using tags (note the TelephoneCode field of the Place struct above). You can read more about that in the documentation.
Here's one way to do it - just assign all of the struct values manually in the Scan function.
func getUser(name string) (*User, error) {
var u User
// this calls sql.Open, etc.
db := getConnection()
// note the below syntax only works for postgres
err := db.QueryRow("SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = $1", name).Scan(&u.Id, &u.Name, &u.Score)
if err != nil {
return &User{}, err
} else {
return &u, nil
}
}
rows, err := connection.Query("SELECT `id`, `username`, `email` FROM `users`")
if err != nil {
panic(err.Error())
}
for rows.Next() {
var user User
if err := rows.Scan(&user.Id, &user.Username, &user.Email); err != nil {
log.Println(err.Error())
}
users = append(users, user)
}
Full example
Here is a library just for that: scany.
You can use it like that:
type User struct {
Name string
Id int
Score int
}
// db is your *sql.DB instance
// ctx is your current context.Context instance
// Use sqlscan.Select to query multiple records.
var users []*User
sqlscan.Select(ctx, db, &users, `SELECT name, id, score FROM users`)
// Use sqlscan.Get to query exactly one record.
var user User
sqlscan.Get(ctx, db, &user, `SELECT name, id, score FROM users WHERE id=123`)
It's well documented and easy to work with.
Disclaimer: I am the author of this library.
there's package just for that: sqlstruct
unfortunately, last time I checked it did not support embedded structs (which are trivial to implement yourself - i had a working prototype in a few hours).
just committed the changes I made to sqlstruct
use :
go-models-mysql
sqlbuilder
val, err = m.ScanRowType(row, (*UserTb)(nil))
or the full code
import (
"database/sql"
"fmt"
lib "github.com/eehsiao/go-models-lib"
mysql "github.com/eehsiao/go-models-mysql"
)
// MyUserDao : extend from mysql.Dao
type MyUserDao struct {
*mysql.Dao
}
// UserTb : sql table struct that to store into mysql
type UserTb struct {
Name sql.NullString `TbField:"Name"`
Id int `TbField:"Id"`
Score int `TbField:"Score"`
}
// GetFirstUser : this is a data logical function, you can write more logical in there
// sample data logical function to get the first user
func (m *MyUserDao) GetFirstUser() (user *User, err error) {
m.Select("Name", "Id", "Score").From("user").Limit(1)
fmt.Println("GetFirstUser", m.BuildSelectSQL().BuildedSQL())
var (
val interface{}
row *sql.Row
)
if row, err = m.GetRow(); err == nil {
if val, err = m.ScanRowType(row, (*UserTb)(nil)); err == nil {
u, _ := val.(*UserTb)
user = &User{
Name: lib.Iif(u.Name.Valid, u.Nae.String, "").(string),
Id: u.Id,
Score: u.Score,
}
}
}
row, val = nil, nil
return
}