PostgreSQL can't UPSERT with a "WITH" - sql

Question

I want to upsert a value with a WITH, like this:
WITH counted as (
SELECT votant, count(*) as nbvotes
FROM votes
WHERE votant = '123456'
GROUP BY votant
)
INSERT INTO badges(id, badge, conditions, niveau, date_obtention)
VALUES('123456', 'category', c.nbvotes, 1, current_timestamp)
ON CONFLICT (id, badge)
DO UPDATE badges b
SET b.conditions = c.nbvotes
FROM counted c
WHERE b.id = c.votant AND b.badge = 'category'
The console tells me I have an error on "badges" just after "DO UPDATE"
I really don't understand what goes wrong here, if anybpdy could give me a hand, it would be great :)

Answer 1

As documented in the manual the badges b after the do update part is wrong - and unnecessary if you think of it. The target table is already defined by the INSERT part.
But you also don't need a FROM or join to the original value.
So just use:
...
ON CONFLICT (id, badge)
DO UPDATE
SET conditions = '{"a":"loooool"}';
If you need to access the original values, you can use the excluded record to refer to it, e.g.
SET conditions = EXCLUDED.conditions
which in your case would refer to the rows provided in the values clause ({"a":"lol"}' in your example)
And target columns of an UPDATE cannot be table-qualified. So just SET conditions = ...
If you want to use the result of the CTE as the source of the INSERT, you need to use an INSERT ... SELECT. You can't use a FROM clause in the DO UPDATE part of an INSERT.
WITH counted as (
SELECT votant, count(*) as nbvotes
FROM votes
WHERE votant = '123456'
GROUP BY votant
)
INSERT INTO badges(id, badge, conditions, niveau, date_obtention)
SELECT '123456', 'category', c.nbvotes, 1, current_timestamp
FROM counted c
ON CONFLICT (id, badge)
DO UPDATE
SET conditions = excluded.conditions