Problem with PL/SQL anonymous block in an exam - sql

Question

I am working with a code in SQLDeveloper for an exam and I'm having problems with the code. The error shown is
ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: character string buffer too small
ORA-06512: at line 7
00000 - "PL/SQL: numeric or value error%s"
*Cause: An arithmetic, numeric, string, conversion, or constraint error
occurred. For example, this error occurs if an attempt is made to
assign the value NULL to a variable declared NOT NULL, or if an
attempt is made to assign an integer larger than 99 to a variable
declared NUMBER(2).
*Action: Change the data, how it is manipulated, or how it is declared so
that values do not violate constraints.
The code I'm using is this one:
VAR RUT_CLIENTE VARCHAR2(15);
EXEC :RUT_CLIENTE:= '12487147-9';
DECLARE
V_NOMBRE VARCHAR2(75);
V_RUN VARCHAR2(50);
V_RENTA VARCHAR2(12);
V_EST_CIVIL VARCHAR2(40);
BEGIN
SELECT
CLI.NOMBRE_CLI || ' ' || CLI.APPATERNO_CLI || ' ' || CLI.APMATERNO_CLI,
TO_CHAR(CLI.NUMRUT_CLI || '-' || CLI.DVRUT_CLI),
TO_CHAR(CLI.RENTA_CLI, '$999G999G999'),
EST.DESC_ESTCIVIL
INTO V_NOMBRE, V_RUN, V_RENTA, V_EST_CIVIL
FROM CLIENTE CLI JOIN ESTADO_CIVIL EST
ON CLI.ID_ESTCIVIL = EST.ID_ESTCIVIL
WHERE CLI.NUMRUT_CLI || '-' || CLI.DVRUT_CLI = :RUT_CLIENTE;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DATOS DEL CLIENTE');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' ');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('----------------');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' ');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Nombre: ' || V_NOMBRE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('RUN: ' || V_RUN);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Estado Civil: ' || V_EST_CIVIL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Renta: ' || V_RENTA);
END;
What am I doing wrong? Also, I have to make this block run three times, each time having to enter a different RUT_CLIENTE (the equivalent of the Social Security number in Chile) to show different results, so should I use a loop for that?

Answer 1

You can avoid such errors if you will use define your variables using the types from your cursor:
DECLARE
cursor cur(p_RUT_CLIENTE) is
SELECT
CLI.NOMBRE_CLI || ' ' || CLI.APPATERNO_CLI || ' ' || CLI.APMATERNO_CLI as col_nombre,
TO_CHAR(CLI.NUMRUT_CLI || '-' || CLI.DVRUT_CLI) as col_run,
TO_CHAR(CLI.RENTA_CLI, '$999G999G999') as col_renta,
EST.DESC_ESTCIVIL as col_est_civil
FROM CLIENTE CLI JOIN ESTADO_CIVIL EST
ON CLI.ID_ESTCIVIL = EST.ID_ESTCIVIL
WHERE CLI.NUMRUT_CLI || '-' || CLI.DVRUT_CLI = p_RUT_CLIENTE;
V_NOMBRE cur.col_nombre%type;
V_RUN cur.col_run%type;
V_RENTA cur.col_renta%type;
V_EST_CIVIL cur.est_civil%type;
BEGIN
open cur(:RUT_CLIENTE)
fetch cur into INTO V_NOMBRE, V_RUN, V_RENTA, V_EST_CIVIL;
close cur;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DATOS DEL CLIENTE');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' ');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('----------------');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' ');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Nombre: ' || V_NOMBRE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('RUN: ' || V_RUN);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Estado Civil: ' || V_EST_CIVIL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Renta: ' || V_RENTA);
END;