On a nearly fresh Ubuntu 20.04 LTS computer, I would like to set up a virtual host on my local machine. So I created a index.html under /var/www/test/ with the following content:
you have entered a test page
I have set up a test.conf file under /etc/apache2/sites-available/
with the following content:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster#zhihu.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/test/
ServerName zhihu.com
ServerAlias www.zhihu.com
<Directory /var/www/test/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
The localhost is working:
/etc/hosts config is probably working as indicated by ping
ping zhihu.com
PING zhihu.com (127.0.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from xxx (127.0.1.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.045 ms
but browser cannot bring me to the domain which should now be hosted in /var/www/test/.
I have also a2ensite test.conf and a2dissite 000-default.conf and service apache2 reload
So I think the only possible place for error to occur is ServerName and ServerAlias. Why are they not working?
Could you please enable VirtualHost using a2ensite and access site in incognito mode.
Ensure that the ssl certificate for the site includes both example.com and www.example.com
and ServerAlias is set to www.example.com
Related
Using Ubuntu 18.04.01 and I set up multiple sites in apache so I can work on them locally. Here is my current set up:
/etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 site1.local
127.0.1.1 site2.local
/var/www
site1.com
site2.com
/etc/apache2/sites-available
000-default.conf
default-ssl.conf
site1.com.conf
site2.com.conf
site1.com.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/site1.com
ServerName site1.local
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
site2.com.conf looks the same as this but swap 'site1' with 'site2'
I also ran:
sudo a2ensite site1.com.conf
sudo a2ensite site2.com.conf
and the symlinks in in /sites-enabled are now there.
However the behavior I get is when I go to my browser and typle in http://site1.local it loads just fine. But when I enter in http://site2.local the browser just redirects back to site1.
Please advise.
Looks like it was just a caching issue with my browser
I just realized that nothing else on WAMP is accessible unless it's under the virtual host alias. For example: if I name my vHost 'mysite.dev', I can only access mysite.dev and everything else gives a 403 forbidden error. If I add a vHost called anothersite.dev in addition to mysite.dev, only those sites can be accessed. The only thing under localhost that I can access is PHPMyAdmin. I have uncommented the line that includes vHosts.conf in the Apache httpd.conf file. This problem does not happen until I modify the vHosts.conf file. Here is the config for the other files:
vHosts.conf:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster#dummy-host.example.com
DocumentRoot "c:/Apache24/docs/dummy-host.example.com"
ServerName dummy-host.example.com
ServerAlias www.dummy-host.example.com
ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access.log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster#dummy-host2.example.com
DocumentRoot "c:/Apache24/docs/dummy-host2.example.com"
ServerName dummy-host2.example.com
ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access.log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster#dummy-host2.example.com
DocumentRoot "W:/wamp/www/mysite"
ServerName mysite.dev
ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access.log" common
</VirtualHost>
Windows hosts file:
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.0.1 mysite.dev
Ok first, the first 2 VHOST definitions in the httpd-vhost.conf file (vhost and vhost2) are examples, supplied by Apache, to help you get started and of course point to folders that do not exist so and should be removed.
Second When you create a Virtual Host you should include the access privilages for the VHOST in a <Directory....> group.
Third, you should always create a VHOST for localhost as once VHOSTs are created Apache ignores the localhost definition in httpd.conf
So your httpd-vhost.conf file should look like this
# Should be the first VHOST definition so that it is the default virtual host
# Also access rights should remain restricted to the local PC and the local network
# So that any random ip address attack will recieve an error code and not gain access
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster#homemail.net
DocumentRoot "W:/wamp/www"
ServerName localhost
<Directory "W:/wamp/www">
AllowOverride All
Require local
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "W:/wamp/www/mysite"
ServerName mysite.dev
ErrorLog "logs/mysite.dev-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/mysite.dev-access.log" common
<Directory "W:/wamp/www/mysite">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Require local
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
Once you have done this, you now need to edit your c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts file to look like this. You need to have admin privilages to edit this file, also some anti virus suites also protect this file, so you may need to stop that protection temporarily in order to amend this file.
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.0.1 mysite.dev
::1 localhost
::1 mysite.dev
Then restart the dnscache to pick up these changes, from a command line also started with admin privilages.
net stop dnscache
net start dnscache
This post may help you understand more about Virtual Hosts
I am trying to setup a vhost in ubuntu, my file is like
/var/www/vhost/domain1.com/app
/var/www/vhost/domain1.com/public
/var/www/vhost/domain2.com/app
/var/www/vhost/domain2.com/public
the vhost in /etc/apache2/site-avalable/domain1.com.conf is :
<virtualhost *:80>
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
ServerAdmin webmaster#domain1.com
ServerName domain1.com
ServerAlias *.domain1.com
DirectoryIndex index.php
DocumentRoot /var/www/vhosts/domain1.com/public
LogLevel warn
ErrorLog /var/www/vhosts/domain1.com/log/error.log
CustomLog /var/www/vhosts/domain1.com/log/access.log combined
</virtualhost>
problem
the vhost folder and all the files after that (the children) are accessible in the web browser. I know I have to put some sort of htaccess but i don't know how and where I have to put it.
If you use apache 2.4 and you develop on a local machine:
Create a new configuration file for your website:
$ sudo cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/domain1.com.conf
Edit the file like so:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName domain1.com
ServerAlias *.domain1.com
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/vhost/domain1.com/public
ErrorLog /var/www/vhosts/domain1.com/log/error.log
CustomLog /var/www/vhosts/domain1.com/log/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
Enable the website
$ sudo a2ensite domain1.com
Restart apache
$ sudo service apache2 restart
Add the following line to your /etc/hosts file
127.0.1.1 domain1.com
Now it should work, go to http://domain1.com and check it out.
I am trying to set virtual hosts for two Zend Framework applications. I started by changing the system32 hosts file.
It contains the following lines now:
127.0.0.1 localhost
# ::1 localhost
127.0.0.1 quickstart
After that, I proceeded with changing the httpd-vhosts.conf file. Its current content:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin postmaster#dummy-host2.localhost
DocumentRoot "G:\workspace\Andrew\ProjManer\public"
ServerName localhost
ServerAlias localhost
ErrorLog "logs/localhost-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/localhost-access.log" combined
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin postmaster#dummy-host2.localhost
DocumentRoot "G:\workspace\Andrew\quickstart\public"
ServerName quickstart
ServerAlias quickstart
ErrorLog "logs/quickstart-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/quickstart-access.log" combined
</VirtualHost>
If I don't add the virtual host with localhost first, I get a "Access forbidden 403 Error message".
The problem now is that both point to the same location, the localhost. How am I supposed to get the second virtual host working? I used the flushdns also.
You don't need the ServerAlias in them unless you want say quickstart2 to go to quickstart. In that case you will do ServerAlias quickstart2. You get access forbidden because your document root in your httpd.conf doesn't have an index.php or that virtualhost doesn't have an index.php and you have -Indexes set
Other than that the virtualhost and hosts file look fine. Try restarting your browser and restarting apache.
As i tried to configure my virtual host in apache. I put something like this,
NameVirtualHost *:80
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /xampp/htdocs/gift
ServerName gift.loc
</VirtualHost>
And in my hosts file i put something like this,
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.0.1 gift.loc
And i run it on the browser,
http://gift.loc - is fine
But when i tried using this,
http://localhost/othersite - can't found
Do i missed somehting to configure? ANy ideas...
Thanks in advance,
You need a VirtualHost entry for every host you want apache to handle. The first one in the config file will be used as the default if no other VirtualHosts match the request.
For example if we have:
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /xampp/htdocs/gift
ServerName gift.loc
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /example/htdocs/gift
ServerName example.com
</VirtualHost>
A request for foobar.org will get handled by the gift.loc virtual host.
you need to put localhost in the vhosts.conf
NameVirtualHost *:80
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /xampp/htdocs/
ServerName localhost
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /xampp/htdocs/gift
ServerName gift.loc
</VirtualHost>
This works fine (Make sure you restart apache). If you need to check your configuration you can (on linux at least) run httpd -S.
There are few steps you need to follow to setup the virtual host on ubuntu:
Let say that your project folder name is myProject
Step 1:Place your folder inside /var/www/html
sudo mv ~/myProject /var/www/html/
Step 2: Give ownership of project folder to www-data
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/myProject
Step 3:Create new site inside Sites available:
cd /etc/apache2/sites-available/
ls
Here you will see existing 000-default.conf and default-ssl.conf .Copy the content of both file into one file and replace your folder name or copy this one into new file named myProject.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
#ServerName www.example.com
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/myProject/
ServerName project.com
ServerAlias www.project.com
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/myProject/
ServerName project.com
ServerAlias www.project.com
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/mobidev_cert.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/certs/mobidev_key.pem
<FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</FilesMatch>
<Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
Include the path of self signed certificate also in this as shown ssl key and ssl certificate that can be downloaded easily.
Step 4:Add your project into apache configuration file.
sudo vi /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
put this lines in the file:
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/myProject"
<Directory /var/www/html/myProject/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
Step 5:Add your virtual server name (specified in myProject.conf) into host file.add that line:
sudo gedit /etc/hosts
127.0.1.1 project.com
Step 6:Now all set ,enable site,restart apache
sudo a2ensite /etc/apache2/sites-availabl/myProject.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2
sudo update-rc.d apache2 defaults
sudo update-rc.d mysql defaults
sudo a2enmod ssl
sudo a2ensite default-ssl
Just hit project.com in your browser.
From the docs, it looks like we need to create a block for each different host that you would like to serve.
Further in the same doc, If you are adding virtual hosts to an existing web server, you must also create a block for the existing host.