I am developing a SAP program to obtain information about a reference from the material table (MARA).
First I take certain references and then using a loop I need to make other query for every iteration:
SELECT
MARA~BISMT
FROM mara
WHERE mara~matnr = #ref
INTO #var.
I know that the problem is that the types conflict (mara~matnr is characters and ref is string), how can I convert both to the same type and see the results?
You can also use ABAP string templates instead of conversion exits suggested by mkysoft:
DATA: ref TYPE string VALUE '2'.
ref = |{ CONV matnr( ref ) ALPHA = in }|.
SELECT SINGLE bismt
FROM mara
WHERE matnr = #ref
INTO #DATA(var).
You can use field symbol for dynamic type and CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_INPUT function module for formatting value for db.
TABLES: mara.
DATA: ref TYPE string,
var TYPE string.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <fs_ref> TYPE any.
ref = '11'.
ASSIGN ('mara-matnr') TO <fs_ref>.
CHECK sy-subrc IS INITIAL.
<fs_ref> = ref.
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_INPUT'
EXPORTING
input = <fs_ref>
IMPORTING
output = <fs_ref>.
SELECT SINGLE mara~bismt
FROM mara
INTO #var
WHERE mara~matnr = #<fs_ref>.
Related
I wonder if it could be possible to simplify the following ABAP-based TDEVC selection using the new hierarchy functions of ABAP SQL.
Table TDEVC is SAP's table of packages (= development classes), with the columns (DEVCLASS,PARENTCL) definig the hierarchy.
The goal is to list each package in the custom namespace, whose name starts with the letter Z, together with its parent package and its root package (the uniquely defined ancestor with PARENTCL = ''.
This would be the selection without hierarchy, performed with plain old ABAP. I didn't succeed to define TDEVC as a hierarchy source in the SELECT statement itself, as described in the ABAP documentation.
types:
begin of ty_node,
devclass type devclass,
parentcl type devclass,
root type devclass,
end of ty_node,
ty_nodes type sorted table of ty_node
with non-unique key parentcl.
data:
lt_nodes type ty_nodes,
lt_root type ty_nodes,
lt_parents type ty_nodes.
field-symbols:
<ls_node> type ty_node,
<ls_parent> type ty_node.
select devclass, parentcl from tdevc
into table #lt_nodes
where devclass like 'Z%'.
loop at lt_nodes assigning <ls_node>
where parentcl eq ''.
insert value #(
devclass = <ls_node>-devclass
root = <ls_node>-devclass )
into table lt_root.
delete lt_nodes.
endloop.
lt_parents = lt_root.
while lt_parents is not initial.
data(lt_parents_new) = value ty_nodes( ).
loop at lt_parents assigning <ls_parent>.
loop at lt_nodes assigning <ls_node>
where parentcl = <ls_parent>-devclass.
<ls_node>-root = <ls_parent>-root.
insert <ls_node> into table lt_parents_new.
endloop.
endloop.
lt_parents = lt_parents_new.
endwhile.
* Result is now in lt_nodes
I'm trying to use the class /ui5/cl_json_parser for parsing a JSON string.
The following code snippet reproduces the problem:
REPORT ztest_json_parse.
DATA: input TYPE string,
output TYPE string,
json_parser TYPE REF TO /ui5/cl_json_parser.
input = '{"address":[{"street":"Road","number":"545"},{"street":"Avenue","number":"15"}]}'.
CREATE OBJECT json_parser.
json_parser->parse( input ).
json_parser->print( ).
output = json_parser->value( path = '/address/1/street' ).
WRITE output.
The print method shows the correct parsed JSON string, but the output variable is always empty.
I have traced the code down to the method VALUE of the class /UI5/CL_JSON_PARSER, at line 15, which contains:
read table m_entries into l_entry with table key parent = l_parent name = l_name.
In the debugger, I can see that l_parent = '/address/1' and l_name = 'street', and that the internal table m_entries contains a record with parent = '/address/1' and name = 'street'. Nevertheless the READ statement always returns sy-subrc = 4 and does not find anything.
Can anyone help?
First: Do not use /ui5/cl_json_parser class, it is intended for internal use ONLY and has no reliable documentation
Secondly, here is the sample how you can fetch street value from the first element of your JSON:
DATA(o_json) = cl_abap_codepage=>convert_to( '{"address":[{"street":"Road","number":"545"},{"street":"Avenue","number":"15"}]' ).
DATA(o_reader) = cl_sxml_string_reader=>create( o_json ).
TRY.
DATA(o_node) = o_reader->read_next_node( ).
WHILE o_node IS BOUND.
DATA(op) = CAST if_sxml_open_element( o_node ).
LOOP AT op->get_attributes( ) ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<a>).
DATA(attr) = <a>->get_value( ).
ENDLOOP.
IF attr <> 'street'.
o_node = o_reader->read_next_node( ).
ELSE.
DATA(val) = CAST if_sxml_value_node( o_reader->read_next_node( ) ).
WRITE: '/address/1/street =>', val->get_value( ).
EXIT.
ENDIF.
ENDWHILE.
CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt).
ENDTRY.
As far as I know, there is no class in ABAP that allows fetching single JSON attributes like XPath.
Certainly agree with Suncatcher on avoid UI5 Json parser.
If you dont control/know the structure of the source data, Suncatchers answer is good.
However,
if you know the basic structure of the source JSON and you must, if you plan to access the first address row, fieldname street .
AND you can have the source provided using uppercase variable names then you can use the so called identity transformation.
types: begin of ty_addr,
street type string,
number type string,
end of ty_addr.
types ty_addr_t type STANDARD TABLE OF ty_addr.
DATA: input TYPE string,
ls_addr TYPE ty_addr,
lt_addr type ty_addr_t.
input = '{"ADDRESS":[{"STREET":"Road","NUMBER":"545"},{"STREET":"Avenue","NUMBER":"15"}]}'.
CALL TRANSFORMATION id SOURCE XML input
RESULT address = lt_addr.
read table lt_addr index 1 into ls_addr.
WRITE ls_addr-street.
I want to create a function/custom class method that takes in 2 parameters:
1) IM_ITAB type ANY TABLE
2) IM_COMPONENT type STRING
and returns 1 parameter:
1) EX_RANGE type PIQ_SELOPT_T
So, algorithm is like this:
First of all, we check if the column with a component name at all exists
Then, we check that internal table is not empty.
Then, we loop through internal table assigning component and filling range table. Code is below.
METHODS compose_range_from_itab
IMPORTING
IM_ITAB type ANY TABLE
IM_COMPONENT type STRING
EXPORTING
EX_RANGE type PIQ_SELOPT_T.
...
METHOD compose_range_from_itab.
DATA: lo_obj TYPE REF TO cl_abap_tabledescr,
wa_range TYPE selopt,
lt_range TYPE piq_selopt_t.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <fs_line> TYPE ANY,
<fs_component> TYPE ANY.
lo_obj ?= cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data( p_data = im_itab ).
READ TABLE lo_obj->key TRANSPORTING NO FIELDS WITH KEY name = im_component.
IF sy-subrc IS INITIAL.
IF LINES( im_itab ) GT 0.
LOOP AT im_itab ASSIGNING <fs_line>.
ASSIGN COMPONENT im_component OF STRUCTURE <fs_line> TO <fs_component>.
wa_range-sign = 'I'.
wa_range-option = 'EQ'.
wa_range-low = <fs_component>.
APPEND wa_range TO lt_range.
ENDLOOP.
SORT lt_range BY low.
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM lt_range COMPARING low.
ex_range[] = lt_range[].
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDMETHOD.
But I want to improve the method further. If the imported internal table has, let's say, 255 columns, then it will take longer to loop through such table. But I need only one column to compose the range.
So I want to get components of internal table, then choose only one component, create a new line type containing only that component, then create internal table with that line type and copy.
Here is the pseudo code corresponding to what I want to achieve:
append corresponding fields of im_itab into new_line_type_internal_table.
How can I "cut out" one component and create a new line type using RTTS?
You are overcomplicating everything, you don't need RTTS for that.
DEFINE make_range.
ex_range = VALUE #( BASE ex_range ( sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' low = &1 ) ).
END-OF-DEFINITION.
LOOP AT im_itab ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_line>).
ASSIGN COMPONENT im_component OF STRUCTURE <fs_line> TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_field>).
CHECK sy-subrc = 0 AND <fs_field> IS NOT INITIAL.
make_range <fs_field>.
ENDLOOP.
And yes, as Sandra said, you won't gain any performance with RTTS, just the opposite.
Surprisingly, this variant turned out to be faster:
CLASS-METHODS make_range_variant_2
IMPORTING
sample TYPE table_type
column TYPE string
RETURNING
VALUE(result) TYPE range_type.
METHOD make_range_variant_2.
TYPES:
BEGIN OF narrow_structure_type,
content TYPE char32,
END OF narrow_structure_type.
TYPES narrow_table_type TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF narrow_structure_type WITH EMPTY KEY.
DATA narrow_table TYPE narrow_table_type.
DATA(mapping) =
VALUE cl_abap_corresponding=>mapping_table_value(
( kind = cl_abap_corresponding=>mapping_component srcname = column dstname = 'CONTENT' ) ).
DATA(mover) =
cl_abap_corresponding=>create_with_value(
source = sample
destination = narrow_table
mapping = mapping ).
mover->execute(
EXPORTING
source = sample
CHANGING
destination = narrow_table ).
LOOP AT narrow_table ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<row>).
INSERT VALUE #(
sign = 'I'
option = 'EQ'
low = <row>-content )
INTO TABLE result.
ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.
CL_ABAP_CORRESPONDING delegates to a kernel function for the structure-to-structure move, which apparently is faster than the ABAP-native ASSIGN COMPONENT [...] OF STRUCTURE [...] TO FIELD-SYMBOL [...]. The actual loop then seems to be faster because it uses fixed-name assignments.
Maybe somebody could verify.
I would not go for a Macro.
Data:
lr_data type ref to data.
FIELD-SYMBOLS:
<lv_component> TYPE any,
<ls_data> TYPE any.
CREATE DATA lr_data LIKE LINE OF im_itab.
ASSIGN lr_data->* TO <ls_data>.
"Check whether im_component exists
ASSIGN COMPONENT im_component OF STRUCTURE <ls_data> TO <lv_component>.
CHECK sy-subrc EQ 0.
LOOP AT im_itab INTO <ls_data>.
APPEND VALUE #( sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' low = <lv_component> ) TO ex_range.
ENDLOOP.
On selection screen, the user needs to insert a table name, and I need to get first 3 fields from that table and display them in an ALV for the output. What I understand from reading tutorials is that I need to call method cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table, but I don't know how to create the fieldcatalog.
DATA: t_newtable TYPE REF TO data,
t_fldcat TYPE lvc_t_fcat,
CALL METHOD cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table
EXPORTING
it_fieldcatalog = t_fldcat
IMPORTING
ep_table = t_newtable.
I assume that the table name which user enters is a data dictionary table (like SFLIGHT). If yes, then you can generate the field catalog as follows.
data : it_tabdescr type abap_compdescr_tab,
wa_tabdescr type abap_compdescr.
data : ref_table_descr type ref to cl_abap_structdescr.
ref_table_descr ?= cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_name( p_table ).
it_tabdescr[] = ref_table_descr->components[].
loop at it_tabdescr into wa_tabdescr.
clear wa_fieldcat.
wa_fieldcat-fieldname = wa_tabdescr-name .
wa_fieldcat-datatype = wa_tabdescr-type_kind.
wa_fieldcat-inttype = wa_tabdescr-type_kind.
wa_fieldcat-intlen = wa_tabdescr-length.
wa_fieldcat-decimals = wa_tabdescr-decimals.
append wa_fieldcat to it_fieldcat.
endloop.
Here, "p_table" is the selection screen parameter containing the table
name.
I am pasting this program for example but i will never know the type of the table (here vbap and vbak).
My goals is to display my field symbol without knowing the types.
Is it possible ?
Here is my code :
REPORT ZTEST_FME_FOL.
type-pools slis .
FIELD-SYMBOLS : <mytable> TYPE ANY TABLE.
DATA : lv_alv_table TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table,
lv_funct TYPE REF TO cl_salv_functions,
lv_columns TYPE REF TO cl_salv_columns_table,
lv_column TYPE REF TO CL_SALV_COLUMN_table.
SELECT * from vbap INNER JOIN VBAK ON vbap~vbeln = vbak~vbeln UP TO 10 ROWS INTO TABLE <mytable>.
TRY.
cl_salv_table=>factory(
IMPORTING
r_salv_table = lv_alv_table
CHANGING
t_table = <mytable> ).
CATCH cx_salv_msg .
ENDTRY.
lv_funct = lv_alv_table->get_functions( ).
lv_funct->set_all( Abap_True ).
lv_columns = lv_alv_table->get_columns( ).
lv_alv_table->display( ).
Thanks in advance !
Depending on what you 're trying to do there's going to be more validation required than what I've done, but in essence this is what you need.
Using (dynamic) joins may be particularly tricky.
report zevw_test_dynamic_alv.
parameters: p_table type string obligatory.
field-symbols: <gt_table> type standard table.
data: gt_data type ref to data.
start-of-selection.
create data gt_data type table of (p_table).
assign gt_data->* to <gt_table>.
select * from (p_table) up to 10 rows
into table <gt_table>.
perform display_results using <gt_table>. "Your ALV stuff will be in here
You may even have to build the fieldcat manually and then use
call method cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table
exporting
it_fieldcatalog = gt_fieldcat[]
importing
ep_table = gt_data.
to get the data reference