I need to insert rows in a Table_A, with values from Table_B on UPDATE of Table_B.
table_A (
station int,
state varchar(20),
CONSTRAINT pk_table_a PRIMARY KEY(station, state),
CONSTRAINT fk_table_A FOREIGN KEY (station, state)
REFERENCES table_B (station, state)
)
table_B (
station int,
state varchar(20),
player int,
date_sent Date DEFAULT NULL
CONSTRAINT pk_table_b PRIMARY KEY(station, state, player)
)
Now, my triggers needs to add a row to table_A (station, state), when all the dates for these (station, state) become NOT NULL in table_B.
Here's my actual which causes mutating table error:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER add_stations_sent
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE ON "TABLE_B"
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (NEW.DATE_SENT IS NOT NULL)
DECLARE
nb_stations_null number;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(1)
INTO nbr_stations_null
FROM "TABLE_B"
WHERE "TABLE_B".STATE = :NEW.STATE AND
"TABLE_B".STATION <> :NEW.STATION AND
"TABLE_B".DATE_SENT IS NULL;
IF (nb_stations_null = 0) THEN
INSERT INTO "TABLE_A" VALUES (:NEW.STATION, :NEW.STATE);
END IF;
END;
Something like this will defer the processing to AFTER STATEMENT level and thus allow to you run queries
create or replace
trigger avoid_mutate
for insert or update on table_b
compound trigger
l_station sys.odcivarchar2list := sys.odcivarchar2list();
l_state sys.odcivarchar2list := sys.odcivarchar2list();
before each row is
begin
l_station.extend;
l_state.extend;
l_station(l_station.count) := :new.station;
l_state(l_state.count) := :new.state;
end before each row;
after statement is
declare
nb_stations_null number;
begin
for i in 1 .. l_station.count loop
SELECT COUNT(1)
INTO nbr_stations_null
FROM "TABLE_B"
WHERE "TABLE_B".STATE = l_state(i) AND
"TABLE_B".STATION <> l_station(i) AND
"TABLE_B".DATE_SENT IS NULL;
IF (nb_stations_null = 0) THEN
INSERT INTO "TABLE_A" VALUES (l_station(i), l_state(i));
END IF;
end after statement;
end;
/
(zaposlenik means emplpoyee, godisnji_odmor means vacation)
So I want to make a trigger that triggers if an employee(here is called zaposlenik) has more than 21 days of vacation after an insert in year 2020. An employee can have multiple vacations(like 2 days, 10 days...) one to many relation between tables zaposlenik(employee) and godisnji_odmor(vacation). My problem here is that I don't know how to get that zaposlenik_id from the insert on which the trigger tiggers so I can sum up the vacation days of that employee on the ID = zaposlenik_id.
Here are my tables and trigger.
CREATE TABLE zaposlenik
(
zaposlenik_id INTEGER CONSTRAINT zaposlenik_pk PRIMARY KEY,
posao VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
ime VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
prezime VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
broj_tel INTEGER NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
adresa VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
mjesecni_iznos_place FLOAT NOT NULL,
IBAN VARCHAR(34) NOT NULL,
budzet FLOAT,
parking_mjesto_id VARCHAR(5) CONSTRAINT zaposlenik_parking_mjesto_fk REFERENCES
parking_mjesto(etaza_i_br_mjesta),
zaposlenik_id_2 INTEGER CONSTRAINT zaposlenik_zaposlenik_fk REFERENCES
zaposlenik(zaposlenik_id)
);
CREATE TABLE godisnji_odmor
(
godisnji_odmor_id INTEGER CONSTRAINT godisnji_odmor_pk PRIMARY KEY,
pocetak DATE NOT NULL,
kraj DATE NOT NULL,
zaposlenik_id INTEGER NOT NULL CONSTRAINT godisnji_odmor_zaposlenik_fk REFERENCES
zaposlenik(zaposlenik_id)
);
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER t_godisnji
AFTER INSERT
ON godisnji_odmor
DECLARE
v_br NUMBER; --sum of the vacation days
v_id NUMBER; -- id of the employee that is inserted (his id is zaposlenik_id)
BEGIN
SELECT zaposlenik_id INTO v_id FROM INSERTED;
SELECT SUM( g.kraj - g.pocetak ) INTO v_br
FROM zaposlenik z INNER JOIN godisnji_odmor g USING(zaposlenik_id)
WHERE g.pocetak > '01-JANUARY-2020' AND zaposlenik_id = v_id;
IF v_br > 21 THEN
ROLLBACK;
raise_application_error(-20100,'Godisnji prekoracuje 21 dan u sumi');
END IF;
END t_godisnji;
/
You need to use the :new for this as follows:
replace
SELECT zaposlenik_id INTO v_id FROM INSERTED;
with
v_id := :new.zaposlenik_id;
In short, You can have your code without v_id variable as follows:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER t_godisnji
AFTER INSERT
ON godisnji_odmor
DECLARE
v_br NUMBER; --sum of the vacation days
--v_id NUMBER; -- id of the employee that is inserted (his id is zaposlenik_id)
BEGIN
--SELECT zaposlenik_id INTO v_id FROM INSERTED;
SELECT SUM( g.kraj - g.pocetak ) INTO v_br
FROM zaposlenik z INNER JOIN godisnji_odmor g USING(zaposlenik_id)
WHERE g.pocetak > '01-JANUARY-2020'
AND zaposlenik_id = :new.zaposlenik_id; -- see the usage of :new here
IF v_br > 21 THEN
ROLLBACK;
raise_application_error(-20100,'Godisnji prekoracuje 21 dan u sumi');
END IF;
END t_godisnji;
/
I don't know how to create a function with collections type. I am familiar with SQL, but I do not know that particular function. Here is what I tried:
Create or Replace Function COPY_EMPLOYEES_WITH_RT(
Begin
insert into jjj_employees ( select * from employees)
I want to create a function COPY EMPLOYEES_WITH_RT and copy data from the table EMPLOYEES to jjj_EMPLOYEES using Collections Types index-by table (associated with a table).
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION COPY_EMPLOYEES_WITH_RT(O_ERROR_MESSAGE OUT VARCHAR)
--DECLARE type
TYPE EMP_RECORD IS TABLE OF employees%ROWTYPE;
l_emp EMP_RECORD;
-- define cursor
CURSOR c_employees IS
SELECT *
FROM employees;
--
BEGIN
--
open c_employees;
loop
fetch c_employees
bulk collect into l_emp limit 1000;
exit when l_emp.count = 0;
-- Process contents of collection here.
Insert into jrf_employees values l_emp;
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_employees;
EXCEPTION
--
WHEN OTHERS THEN
O_error_message := SQLERRM;
END;
/
it's like something like that, i just didn't know, what is wrong
If you are using object-relational tables and particularly want to use PL/SQL associative arrays (index-by table types) then you can create your tables as:
CREATE TYPE employee_t IS OBJECT(
id NUMBER(10,0),
first_name VARCHAR2(20),
last_name VARCHAR2(20)
);
CREATE TABLE employees OF employee_t (
id PRIMARY KEY
);
CREATE TABLE jjj_employees OF employee_t (
id PRIMARY KEY
);
With the sample data:
INSERT INTO employees
SELECT 1, 'One', 'Uno' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'Two', 'Dos' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'Three', 'Tres' FROM DUAL;
And the function as:
CREATE FUNCTION COPY_EMPLOYEES_WITH_RT
RETURN NUMBER
IS
TYPE employee_a IS TABLE OF employee_t INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER;
emps employee_a;
i PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
FOR r IN ( SELECT VALUE(e) AS employee FROM employees e )
LOOP
emps( r.employee.id ) := r.employee;
END LOOP;
i := emps.FIRST;
WHILE i IS NOT NULL LOOP
INSERT INTO jjj_employees VALUES ( emps(i) );
i := emps.NEXT(i);
END LOOP;
RETURN 1;
END;
/
Then you can run the function using:
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( COPY_EMPLOYEES_WITH_RT() );
END;
/
And the table is copied as:
SELECT * FROM jjj_employees;
Outputs:
ID | FIRST_NAME | LAST_NAME
-: | :--------- | :--------
1 | One | Uno
2 | Two | Dos
3 | Three | Tres
db<>fiddle here
Update
Since you appear to want to use a collection and not an associative array:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION COPY_EMPLOYEES_WITH_RT
RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
--DECLARE type
TYPE EMP_RECORD IS TABLE OF employees%ROWTYPE;
l_emp EMP_RECORD;
-- DECLARE cursor
CURSOR c_employees IS
SELECT *
FROM employees;
BEGIN
OPEN c_employees;
LOOP
FETCH c_employees
BULK COLLECT INTO l_emp LIMIT 1000;
EXIT WHEN l_emp.COUNT = 0;
-- Process contents of collection here.
FORALL i IN 1 .. l_emp.COUNT
INSERT INTO jjj_employees VALUES l_emp(i);
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_employees;
RETURN NULL;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN SQLERRM;
END;
/
db<>fiddle
I have 3 tables:
create table customer
(
customer_id integer primary key,
customer_first_name varchar2(50) not null,
customer_surrname varchar2(50) not null,
phone_number varchar2(15) not null,
customer_details varchar2(200) default 'There is no special notes'
);
create table place
(
table_number integer primary key,
table_details varchar2(200) default 'There is no details'
);
create table booking
(
booking_id integer primary key,
date_of_booking date,
number_of_persons number(2) not null,
customer_id integer not null,
foreign key(customer_id) references customer(customer_id),
table_number integer not null,
foreign key(table_number) references place(table_number)
);
I have to generate customer table using this kind of generator:
set SERVEROUTPUT on format wrapped;
set define off;
drop sequence customer_seq;
drop sequence place_seq;
--CUSTOMER TABLE INSERT ROW GENERATOR
create sequence customer_seq START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1 NOMAXVALUE;
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER customer_id_trigger
BEFORE INSERT ON customer
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT customer_seq.nextval INTO :new.customer_id FROM dual;
END;
/
DELETE FROM customer;
DECLARE
TYPE TABSTR IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(250);
first_name TABSTR;
surrname TABSTR;
qname number(5);
phonenum number(15);
details TABSTR;
BEGIN
first_name := TABSTR ('Jhon','Poul','Jesica','Arnold','Max','Teemo','Tim','Mikel','Michael',
'Kristian','Adela','Mari','Anastasia','Robert','Jim','Juana','Adward',
'Jana','Ola','Kristine','Natali','Corey','Chester','Naomi','Chin-Chou');
surrname := TABSTR ('Grey','Brown','Robins','Chiho','Lee','Das','Edwins','Porter','Potter',
'Dali','Jordan','Jordison','Fox','Washington','Bal','Pitney','Komarowski',
'Banks','Albra','Shwiger');
details := TABSTR ('Exellent Customer','Good Customer','Always drunked','Left big tips',
'Bad Customer','Did not pay last bill','New Customer','VIP client');
qname := 100; — CHANGE THIS TO MANAGE HOW MANY ROWS YOU WANT TO BE ADDED
FOR i IN 1..qname LOOP
phonenum := dbms_random.value(111111111,999999999);
INSERT INTO customer VALUES (NULL, first_name(dbms_random.value(1,25)),
surrname(dbms_random.value(1,20)), phonenum, details(dbms_random.value(1,8)));
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Customers done!');
END;
/
--TABLE INSERT
DELETE FROM place;
create sequence place_seq start with 1 increment by 1;
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, 'Near the window');
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, default);
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, 'Near the door');
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, 'Near the window');
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, 'Near the window');
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, default);
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, 'Near the door');
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, 'Big table');
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, default);
insert into place values (place_seq.nextval, 'Big table');
So the question is how can I insert client_id in "booking" table which have one of the numbers in "customers" table? Because every time I regenerate data in "Customers" table numbers are changing so I should somehow select numbers in an array and then randomly choose one of them from this array. The thing is I don't really know how to select from table to array. Can anybody help?
For PL/SQL version you can use BULK COLLECT and standard sys.odcinumberlist array.
create sequence booking_seq start with 1 increment by 1;
declare
customerIds sys.odcinumberlist;
placeIds sys.odcinumberlist;
number_of_generated_records number := 150; -- number of records to be generated
begin
-- fill the array of customer_id values
select customer_id
bulk collect into customerIds
from customer;
-- fill the array of place numbers
select table_number
bulk collect into placeIds
from place;
for i in 1..number_of_generated_records loop
insert into booking(booking_id,date_of_booking,number_of_persons,customer_id,table_number)
values(
booking_seq.nextval, -- booking_id
trunc(sysdate) + round(dbms_random.value(1,365)), -- date_of_booking
round(dbms_random.value(1,99)), -- number_of_persons
customerIds(round(dbms_random.value(1,customerIds.count))), -- customer_id
placeIds(round(dbms_random.value(1,placeIds.count))) -- table_number
);
end loop;
end;
But, for your case I would prefer pure sql:
insert into booking(booking_id,date_of_booking,number_of_persons,customer_id,table_number)
with
customer_subq as (
select customer_id, row_number() over (order by customer_id) rn from customer
),
place_subq as (
select table_number, row_number() over (order by table_number) rn from place
),
params as (
select 1500 number_of_generated_records,
(select count(1) from customer) customer_count,
(select count(1) from place) place_count
from dual
),
random_numbers as (
select round(dbms_random.value(1,1000)) random_number1,
round(dbms_random.value(1,1000)) random_number2,
round(dbms_random.value(1,1000)) random_number3,
round(dbms_random.value(1,1000)) random_number4
from dual,params
connect by level <= number_of_generated_records
)
select booking_seq.nextval booking_id,
trunc(sysdate) + mod(random_number1,365) date_of_booking,
mod(random_number1,100) number_of_persons,
customer_id,
table_number
from random_numbers,
params,
customer_subq,
place_subq
where mod(random_number1,customer_count) + 1 = customer_subq.rn
and mod(random_number2,place_count) + 1 = place_subq.rn
I have the following code:
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE work_t AS OBJECT(
company VARCHAR2(50),
salary NUMBER(5)
);
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE person_t AS OBJECT(
personnum NUMBER(5),
personname VARCHAR2(20),
personwork work_t
);
/
CREATE TABLE people OF person_t(
PRIMARY KEY (personnum)
);
INSERT INTO people VALUES(12, 'George', work_t('Google',75500));
If I want to print personname:
DECLARE
per1 person_t;
BEGIN
SELECT VALUE(e) INTO per1 FROM people e WHERE e.personnum = 12;
dbms_output.put_line(per1.personname);
END;
/
Now I want to print the company (and update it in different blocks) but I don't know how to do it.
Thanks.
Just add
dbms_output.put_line(per1.personwork.company);
in
DECLARE
per1 person_t;
BEGIN
SELECT VALUE(e) INTO per1 FROM people e WHERE e.personnum = 12;
dbms_output.put_line(per1.personname);
dbms_output.put_line(per1.personwork.company);
END;
/