how to select using multiple LIKE clauses that are constructed dynamically in MSSQL - sql

Question

I have a Table Family like the following
Family_Name | Family_Members_Age
Johnson | 45,60,56
Ken | 78,67,40
David | 40
Here is a proc I have
CREATE PROCEDURE getFamilyRowsByAge #Age nvarchar(30)
AS
SELECT *
FROM Family
WHERE Family_members_age LIKE FILL_IN -- need to get this fill_in dynamically
The #Age param is supplied with comma separated String like 45,67.
FILL_IN would be something like this for input String of "45,67" LIKE '%45%' OR LIKE '%67%'. I want this to be dynamically created by splitting input String for comma and joining with LIKE OR. Is there a way in MSSQL to do this?
Output:
Johnson | 45,60,56
Ken | 78,67,40
Here is another input and output:
input : 40, 67, 69
Output:
Johnson | 45,60,56
Ken | 78,67,40
David | 40

Answer 1

Based on those comments, try this:
USE tempdb;
GO
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dbo.Family;
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.Family
(
FamilyID int IDENTITY(1,1)
CONSTRAINT PK_dbo_Family PRIMARY KEY,
Family_Name varchar(100),
Family_Members_Age varchar(max)
);
GO
INSERT dbo.Family (Family_Name, Family_Members_Age)
VALUES ('Johnson', '45,60,56'),
('Ken', '78,67,40'),
('David', '40');
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.GetFamilyRowsByAge
#RequiredAges varchar(100)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET XACT_ABORT ON;
WITH FamilyAges
AS
(
SELECT f.Family_Name, fma.Age
FROM dbo.Family AS f
CROSS APPLY (SELECT value AS Age FROM STRING_SPLIT(f.Family_Members_Age,',')) AS fma
)
SELECT fa.Family_Name, fa.Age
FROM FamilyAges AS fa
WHERE fa.Age IN (SELECT value FROM STRING_SPLIT(#RequiredAges, ','));
END;
GO
EXEC dbo.GetFamilyRowsByAge '45,67,40';
GO

Answer 2

You can achieve it by this simple way, Live demo here
strSplit
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[strSplit] ( #string nvarchar( MAX), #splitter CHAR( 1) )
RETURNS #res TABLE (id INT PRIMARY KEY, rank INT, val nvarchar( MAX) )
AS
BEGIN
IF SUBSTRING ( #string, len ( #string), 1)<>#splitter
SET #string= #string+#splitter
DECLARE #start INT, #word nvarchar(MAX), #charindex INT, #i INT
SET #i=1
SET #start=1
SET #charindex= CHARINDEX( #splitter, #string, #start)
WHILE (#charindex <> 0)BEGIN
SET #word= SUBSTRING( #string, #start, #charindex - #start)
SET #start= #charindex +1
SET #charindex= CHARINDEX( #splitter, #string, #start)
INSERT INTO #res VALUES ( #start, #i, #word)
SET #i=#i+1
END
RETURN
END
ContainString
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[ContainString] (#string1 nvarchar( MAX), #string2 nvarchar( MAX))
RETURNS BIT
AS
BEGIN
IF(EXISTS(SELECT TOP 1 a.val From strSplit(#string1, ',') a
INNER JOIN strSplit(#string2, ',') b on a.val = b.val ))
BEGIN
RETURN 1
END
RETURN 0
END
Select result
SELECT * FROM Family WHERE [dbo].ContainString(Family_Members_Age, '45,67') = 1
SELECT * FROM Family WHERE [dbo].ContainString(Family_Members_Age, '40,67,69') = 1

Answer 3

The whole query within the proc will need to be dynamic. Then you can use something like STRING_SPLIT (2016 or later) to pull apart the comma-delimited value and build the string.
However, I'm unconvinced that's what you need. If you use LIKE, how are you going to avoid %9% matching a value like 91 ?
You might want to consider normalizing the table correctly instead. Why are there 3 ages within a single column? Why not just store it as 3 rows?

Answer 4

Probably you need something like this .
SELECT 'Johnson'Family_Name,'45,60,56' Family_Members_Age
into #YourTable
union all select 'Ken','78,67,40'
union all select 'David','40'
DECLARE #WhereQuery varchar(250)='40, 67, 69', #Query nvarchar(250)
select #Query = 'select * from #YourTable'
SET #WhereQuery = ' WHERE Family_Members_Age LIKE ''%'+ REPLACE (#WhereQuery,',','%'' OR Family_Members_Age LIKE ''%') + '%'''
SET #Query = #Query + #WhereQuery
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL #Query