Mutual SSL security mode binding configurations - wcf

Question

I have two questions regarding the security mode regarding mutual ssl.
I have look through a few sites such as:
1.https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/wcf/feature-details/transport-security-with-certificate-authentication%20
2.https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/348595/Use-Mutual-SSL-Authentication-in-WCF
In all the binding configurations. I realized that all security mode is set as 'Transport'.
<bindings>
<wsHttpBinding>
<!-- configure wsHttp binding with Transport security mode and clientCredentialType as Certificate -->
<binding>
<security mode="Transport">
<transport clientCredentialType="Certificate"/>
</security>
</binding>
</wsHttpBinding>
</bindings>
In regards to this, what I want to know is if its possible to use other kind of security mode such as
'Message' or 'TransportWithMessageCredential'. If so why?
Furthermore if its possible, does the client side have to change their security mode to the same as the server side?

Answer 1

The Microsoft official document also offers an example of authenticating the client with message security mode with mutual certificates.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/wcf/feature-details/message-security-with-mutual-certificates
What we need to do is configuring a service certificate on the server-side, a certificate on the client-side, also establishing the certificate trust relationship between the client-side and server-side.
Here is a standard configuration.
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="serviceCredentialBehavior">
<serviceCredentials>
<serviceCertificate findValue="Contoso.com"
storeLocation="LocalMachine"
storeName="My"
x509FindType="FindBySubjectName" />
</serviceCredentials>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<service behaviorConfiguration="serviceCredentialBehavior"
name="ServiceModel.Calculator">
<endpoint address="http://localhost/Calculator"
binding="wsHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="InteropCertificateBinding"
name="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator"
contract="ServiceModel.ICalculator" />
</service>
</services>
<bindings>
<wsHttpBinding>
<binding name="InteropCertificateBinding">
<security mode="Message">
<message clientCredentialType="Certificate"
negotiateServiceCredential="false"
establishSecurityContext="false" />
</security>
</binding>
</wsHttpBinding>
</bindings>
</system.serviceModel>
This is also applicable to the TransportWithMessageCredential security mode. As long as the security mode is Transport security mode, we need to bind a certificate to the particular port.
Besides, the binding configuration should be coherent between the client-side and the server-side. Just like the service contract is shared between the client-side and the server-side.
Feel free to let me know if there is anything I can help with.