Split a string in to columns - sql

I would like to split below string:
#string = '?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13'
Desired output:
String Key step substep
?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13 325235 5 13
Edited:
So far I tried
declare #string varchar(100) = '?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13'
select #string String,
substring(#string, len('?reqID=') + 1, (CHARINDEX('&step=', #string) - (len('?reqID=') + 1))) key,
0 Step,
0 SubStep
I didn't get a way to find for rest of columns
Current results:
String Key step substep
?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13 325235 0 0

SQL-Server is not well suited for this task, but there is a very nice work around using either JSON (version 2016+) or XML (starting form v2005):
DECLARE #string VARCHAR(100) = '?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13';
--The JSON approach (needs v2016+)
SELECT *
FROM OPENJSON(CONCAT('{"',REPLACE(REPLACE(STUFF(#string,1,1,''),'&','","'),'=','":"'),'"}'))
WITH(Reqid INT
,step INT
,substep INT);
--The XML approach (for older versions)
SELECT A.CastedToXml.value('(x/#Reqid)[1]','int') As Reqid
,A.CastedToXml.value('(x/#step)[1]','int') As step
,A.CastedToXml.value('(x/#substep)[1]','int') As substep
FROM (SELECT CAST('<x ' + REPLACE(REPLACE(STUFF(#string,1,1,''),'=','="'),'&','" ') + '" />' AS XML)) A(CastedToXml);
The idea in short:
Using some simpe string operations we can transform your string in JSON
{"Reqid":"325235","step":"5","substep":"13"}
or XML
<x Reqid="325235" step="5" substep="13" />
Reading JSON is done with OPENJSON in connection with a WITH-clause (implicit pivoting). Reading XML's attributes is done using the XML's type method .value().

SQL Server really lacks regex functions, and this type of string manipulation would probably be better handled on application side.
That being said, assuming that the keys are always in the same sequence, you could do:
select
substring(
#string,
charindex('Reqid=', #string) + len('Reqid='),
charindex('&', #string)
- charindex('Reqid=', #string)
- len('Reqid=')
) [key],
substring(
#string,
charindex('step=', #string) + len('step='),
charindex('&', #string, charindex('step=', #string) + len('step='))
- charindex('step=', #string)
- len('step=')
) step,
right(
#string,
len(#string) - charindex('substep=', #string) - len('substep=') + 1
) substep
Demo on DB Fiddle:
key | step | substep
:----- | :--- | :------
325235 | 5 | 13

Assuming a fixed format for your string (URL) then the following pulls out the info requested:
declare #string varchar(100) = '?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13';
select
substring(#string, End1+1, Start2-End1-1) ReqID
, substring(#string, End2+1, Start3-End2-1) Step
, substring(#string, End3+1, EndEnd-End3-1) SubStep
from (
select #string String
, charindex('?reqID=', #string) Start1
, charindex('?reqID=', #string) + 6 End1
, charindex('&step=', #string) Start2
, charindex('&step=', #string) + 5 End2
, charindex('&substep=', #string) Start3
, charindex('&substep=', #string) + 8 End3
, len(#string)+1 EndEnd
) X;
Result:
ReqID Step SubStep
325235 5 13

This may help
select #string String,
substring(#string, len('?reqID=') + 1, (CHARINDEX('&step=', #string) - (len('?reqID=') + 1))) [Key],
SUBSTRING(#string, CHARINDEX('&step=', #string) + len('&step='), CHARINDEX('&substep', #string) - CHARINDEX('&step=', #string) - len('&step=')) Step,
SUBSTRING(#string, CHARINDEX('&substep=', #string) + len('&substep='), len(#string) - charindex('&substep=', #string)) Step

This is a pretty simple option that should be easy to understand:
DECLARE #string varchar(max) = '?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13';
DECLARE #RemainingString varchar(max) = SUBSTRING(#string, 8, LEN(#string));
DECLARE #AmpersandLocation int = CHARINDEX('&', #RemainingString);
DECLARE #Key varchar(100) = SUBSTRING(#RemainingString, 1, #AmpersandLocation - 1);
SET #RemainingString = SUBSTRING(#RemainingString, LEN(#Key) + 7, LEN(#RemainingString));
SET #AmpersandLocation = CHARINDEX('&', #RemainingString);
DECLARE #Step varchar(100) = SUBSTRING(#RemainingString, 1, #AmpersandLocation - 1);
DECLARE #Substep varchar(100) = SUBSTRING(#RemainingString, LEN(#Step) + 10, LEN(#RemainingString));
SELECT #string AS [String], #Key AS [Key], #Step AS [Step], #Substep AS Substep;

If you are using SQL Server 2016 or later, you can use STRING_SPLIT function to split the string by a character. See the full query below.
declare #string varchar(100) = '?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13', #c nchar(1) = N'='
SELECT #string AS [String], [1] AS [Key], [2] AS [step], [3] AS [substep]
FROM
(
SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT
Val = substring(value, 0, charindex('&', value)),
R = ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY CHARINDEX(#c + value + #c, #c + #string + #c) )
FROM STRING_SPLIT(#string + '&', #c)
WHERE RTRIM(value) '?Reqid'
ORDER BY R
)
AS SourceTable
PIVOT ( MAX(Val) FOR R IN ([1], [2], [3]) ) AS PivotTable;
Demo on SQL Fiddle
+---------------------------------+-----+--------+---------+
| String | Key | step | substep |
+---------------------------------+-----+--------+---------+
| ?Reqid=325235&step=5&substep=13 | 13 | 325235 | 5 |
+---------------------------------+-----+--------+---------+
Update: as STRING_SPLIT doesn't guarantee the order of results, I have used the ROW_NUMBER() function to make the order consistent. The character index of = is used for this purpose.

Related

Split the string in SQL Server

How to split the string based on the character and stored to different variable in SQL Server 2012?
For example:
declare #listOfIDs varchar(1000)
declare #result1 varchar(50),#result2 varchar(50)
set #listOfIDs='id1==id2==id3'
etc
This string is to be split based on the '=='
So the result should be like that
result1 should have id1
result2 should have id2
Sorry
MySQL does not include a function to split a delimited string.
Although separated data would normally be split into separate fields
within a relation data, spliting such can be useful either during
initial data load/validation or where such data is held in a text
field.
But you can emulate it
CREATE FUNCTION strSplit(x varchar(255), delim varchar(12), pos int) returns varchar(255)
return replace(substring(substring_index(x, delim, pos), length(substring_index(x, delim, pos - 1)) + 1), delim, '');
select strSplit("aaa,b,cc,d", ',', 2) as second;
+--------+
| second |
+--------+
| b |
+--------+
select strSplit("a|bb|ccc|dd", '|', 3) as third;
+-------+
| third |
+-------+
| ccc |
+-------+
P.S. search 'split' at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/string-functions.html
Oh, If you change your comment - please notify users which try to help you
For MS SQL look here
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitStrings_CTE
(
#List NVARCHAR(MAX),
#Delimiter NVARCHAR(255)
)
RETURNS #Items TABLE (Item NVARCHAR(4000))
WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #ll INT = LEN(#List) + 1, #ld INT = LEN(#Delimiter);
WITH a AS
(
SELECT
[start] = 1,
[end] = COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(#Delimiter,
#List, 1), 0), #ll),
[value] = SUBSTRING(#List, 1,
COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(#Delimiter,
#List, 1), 0), #ll) - 1)
UNION ALL
SELECT
[start] = CONVERT(INT, [end]) + #ld,
[end] = COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(#Delimiter,
#List, [end] + #ld), 0), #ll),
[value] = SUBSTRING(#List, [end] + #ld,
COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(#Delimiter,
#List, [end] + #ld), 0), #ll)-[end]-#ld)
FROM a
WHERE [end] < #ll
)
INSERT #Items SELECT [value]
FROM a
WHERE LEN([value]) > 0
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0);
RETURN;
END
GO
Use this code to split the string.
DECLARE #listOfIDs VARCHAR(1000)
DECLARE #result1 VARCHAR(50),
#result2 VARCHAR(50),
#delimiter VARCHAR(5)='=='
SET #listOfIDs='id1==id2==id3'
SELECT Split.a.value('.', 'VARCHAR(100)') Split_value
FROM (SELECT Cast ('<M>'
+ Replace(#listOfIDs, #delimiter, '</M><M>')
+ '</M>' AS XML) AS Data) AS A
CROSS APPLY Data.nodes ('/M') AS Split(a)
Result:
Split_value
-----------
id1
id2
id3

Normalise a string into rows\columns with sql server

Does anyone know the best way I can normalized a string in the below format:-
'(20111026,1000,34.10)(20111027,1000,44.10)(20111028,1000,54.10)(20111029,1000,64.10)(20111030,1000,74.10)'
Into 5 rows with 3 columns?
|Date |Time |Amount|
-------------------------------
|2011-10-26 |10:00:00 |34.10 |
|2011-10-27 |10:00:00 |44.10 |
|2011-10-28 |10:00:00 |54.10 |
|2011-10-29 |10:00:00 |64.10 |
|2011-10-30 |10:00:00 |74.10 |
I have managed to do this using a string parser with delimiter of ')(' to get the rows and ',' again to get the columns. However when I do this against 7 million strings the db blow out.
This is the SQL I have got so far:
DECLARE #Text VARCHAR(500) = '(20111026,1000,34.10)(20111027,1000,44.10)(20111028,1000,54.10)(20111029,1000,64.10)(20111030,1000,74.10)'
SELECT
TRY_CONVERT(DATE, [1]) AS StartDate ,
CAST(TRY_CONVERT(TIME(0), DATEADD(HOUR, ( [2] / 100 ) % 100, DATEADD(MINUTE, ( [2] / 1 ) % 100, CAST('00:00' AS TIME)))) AS VARCHAR(8)) AS StartTime ,
TRY_CONVERT(NUMERIC(16, 6), [3]) AS Amount
FROM
(SELECT
X.Ordinal AS RoNum ,
Y.Ordinal AS ColNum ,
REPLACE(Y.StringValue, '(', '') AS Value
FROM
dbo.ParseString(#Text, ')(') X
CROSS APPLY
dbo.ParseString(StringValue,',') Y
WHERE
NOT Y.StringValue = '') AS SRC
PIVOT
( MIN(Value) FOR ColNum IN ( [1], [2], [3] ) ) AS PVT;
Parse string function:-
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[ParseString]
(#String VARCHAR(500), #Delimiter CHAR(1))
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
(WITH Results AS
(SELECT 1 AS Ordinal,
LTRIM(LEFT(#String, CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, #String + #Delimiter)-1)) AS StringValue,
CONVERT(VARCHAR(500), RIGHT(#String + #Delimiter, LEN(#String) - CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, #String+#Delimiter) + 1)) AS Remaining
UNION ALL
SELECT Ordinal+1,
LTRIM(LEFT(Remaining, CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, Remaining)-1)),
RIGHT(Remaining, LEN(Remaining) - CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, Remaining))
FROM Results
WHERE LEN(Remaining) > 0)
SELECT Ordinal,
StringValue
FROM Results
)
Any help with this would be much appreciated.
There is no need to resort to splitting string for something like this. The format you posted is almost correct to use table value constructors. Using replace to stick commas in between the set of values already wrapped nicely in () means you can do this pretty easily using some dynamic sql.
declare #String varchar(max) = '(20111026,1000,34.10)(20111027,1000,44.10)(20111028,1000,54.10)(20111029,1000,64.10)(20111030,1000,74.10)'
declare #SQL nvarchar(max)
set #SQL = 'select * from (VALUES ' + REPLACE(#String, ')(', '),(') + ')N (col1, col2, col3)'
select #SQL
exec sp_executesql #SQL

SQL Select Value From Comma Delimited List

I have a field in my database called "Notes". It contains a comma delimited list of values.
I want to perform a SELECT Query that only returns the first value in the "Notes" field.
This query would also return additional fields from the database.
for example
SELECT Name, Phone, Notes (only the first value)
FROM Table1
Is this possible, and how do I do it?
You can use CHARINDEX with SUBSTRING:
SELECT Name, Phone, SUBSTRING(Notes, 1, CHARINDEX(',', Notes)) AS first_value
FROM Table1
Demo
DECLARE #csv varchar(50)
SET #csv = 'comma after this, and another,'
SELECT SUBSTRING(#csv, 1, CHARINDEX(',', #csv)) AS first_value
Result
| first_value |
--------------------
| comma after this |
As mentioned in the comments, you should normalize your structure and not have more than one value stored in a single attribute.
SELECT Name, Phone, Left(Notes, CharIndex(',', Notes + ',')) FirstNote
FROM Table1
You need the Notes + ',' bit in the CharIndex to work correctly - see this example (I have included njk's answer)
with Table1(Name, Phone, Notes) as (
select 'abc', '123', 'Some,notes,here' union all
select 'abd', '124', 'Single-note' union all
select 'abe', '125', '' union all
select 'syz', '126', null
)
---
SELECT Name, Phone, Left(Notes, CharIndex(',', Notes + ',')-1) FirstNote
,SUBSTRING(Notes, 0, CHARINDEX(',', Notes)) AS njk
FROM Table1
Results
Name Phone FirstNote njk
---- ----- --------------- ---------------
abc 123 Some Some
abd 124 Single-note
abe 125
syz 126 NULL NULL
SELECT name,
phones,
split_part(notes, ',', 1) as first_notes
FROM Table1
solutions for Select Value From Comma Delimited List
I was looking for a more general answer (not just the first field but an arbitrarily specified one) so I modified Kermit's answer and put it in a function. Here it is in case it helps save somebody else time
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnGetFieldXFromDelimitedList] (#SearchIn nvarchar(max)
, #Delimiter char(1), #FieldNum int ) RETURNS nvarchar(max) as BEGIN
/*
fnGetFieldXFromDelimitedList(#SearchIn, #Delimiter, #FieldNum)
Returns the Nth value (specified by #FieldNum, first is 1 not 0)
from #SearchIn assuming #SearchIn is a list of multiple values
delimited by #Delimiter
DECLARE #SearchIn nvarchar(max) = 'F1, Field 2, F3,, F5, F6, F7'
DECLARE #Delimiter char(1) = ','
DECLARE #FieldNum int = 7
--*/
--SELECT dbo.fnGetFieldXFromDelimitedList ('F1, Field 2, F3,, F5, F6, F7', ',', 5)
DECLARE #PosStart int = 1 --SUBSTRING(SearchIn, StartPos, StrLen) considers 1 the first character
DECLARE #PosEnd INT = LEN(#SearchIn)
DECLARE #TempString nvarchar(max) = CONCAT(#SearchIn, #Delimiter)
DECLARE #TempNum INT = 1
DECLARE #RetVal nvarchar(max) = ''
--SElECT SUBSTRING(#SearchIn, 1, 1)
SET #PosEnd = CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, #TempString, #PosStart + LEN(#Delimiter))
WHILE #TempNum < #FieldNum AND #PosStart > 0 AND #PosStart < LEN(#TempString) BEGIN
SET #PosStart = CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, #TempString, #PosStart) + LEN(#Delimiter)
SET #PosEnd = CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, #TempString, #PosStart)
SET #TempNum = #TempNum + 1
--SELECT #PosStart, #PosEnd , #TempNum
END --WHILE
IF #TempNum = #FieldNum AND #PosEnd > 0 BEGIN
SET #RetVal = SUBSTRING(#TempString, #PosStart, #PosEnd - #PosStart)
END ELSE BEGIN
SET #RetVal = NULL
END
--SELECT #RetVal
RETURN #RetVal
END

sql query to get word between characters

I have problem where I have a string and I need to get a specific part of it.
For example:
\Stack\Over\Programming\Users\
I need "Programming" from the above string.
DECLARE #TExt NVARCHAR(MAX)= '\Stack\Over\Programming\Users\'
DECLARE #Delimiter VARCHAR(1000)= '\' ;
WITH numbers
AS ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY o.object_id, o2.object_id ) Number
FROM sys.objects o
CROSS JOIN sys.objects o2
),
c AS ( SELECT Number CHARBegin ,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY number ) RN
FROM numbers
WHERE SUBSTRING(#text, Number, LEN(#Delimiter)) = #Delimiter
),
res
AS ( SELECT CHARBegin ,
CAST(LEFT(#text, charbegin) AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) Res ,
RN
FROM c
WHERE rn = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT c.CHARBegin ,
CAST(SUBSTRING(#text, res.CHARBegin+1,
c.CHARBegin - res.CHARBegin-1) AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) ,
c.RN
FROM c
JOIN res ON c.RN = res.RN + 1
)
SELECT *
FROM res
Result:
CHARBegin |Res |RN
1 | \ |1
7 |Stack |2
12 |Over |3
24 |Programming |4
30 |Users |5
In your case you need last statement
SELECT * FROM res WHERE Rn=4
If it is always the word between the 3th and 4th \, following would do the trick.
DECLARE #String VARCHAR(32)
SET #String = '\Stack\Over\Programming\Users\'
SELECT SUBSTRING(
#String
, CHARINDEX('\', #String, CHARINDEX('\', #String, CHARINDEX('\', #String, 1) + 1) + 1) + 1
, CHARINDEX('\', #String, CHARINDEX('\', #String, CHARINDEX('\', #String, CHARINDEX('\', #String, 1) + 1) + 1) + 1)
- CHARINDEX('\', #String, CHARINDEX('\', #String, CHARINDEX('\', #String, 1) + 1) + 1) - 1)
you will need to create a string split function in SQL. unfortunately there is not one built into MS SQL.
How do I split a string so I can access item x?

How do I split a delimited string so I can access individual items?

Using SQL Server, how do I split a string so I can access item x?
Take a string "Hello John Smith". How can I split the string by space and access the item at index 1 which should return "John"?
I don't believe SQL Server has a built-in split function, so other than a UDF, the only other answer I know is to hijack the PARSENAME function:
SELECT PARSENAME(REPLACE('Hello John Smith', ' ', '.'), 2)
PARSENAME takes a string and splits it on the period character. It takes a number as its second argument, and that number specifies which segment of the string to return (working from back to front).
SELECT PARSENAME(REPLACE('Hello John Smith', ' ', '.'), 3) --return Hello
Obvious problem is when the string already contains a period. I still think using a UDF is the best way...any other suggestions?
You may find the solution in SQL User Defined Function to Parse a Delimited String helpful (from The Code Project).
You can use this simple logic:
Declare #products varchar(200) = '1|20|3|343|44|6|8765'
Declare #individual varchar(20) = null
WHILE LEN(#products) > 0
BEGIN
IF PATINDEX('%|%', #products) > 0
BEGIN
SET #individual = SUBSTRING(#products,
0,
PATINDEX('%|%', #products))
SELECT #individual
SET #products = SUBSTRING(#products,
LEN(#individual + '|') + 1,
LEN(#products))
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET #individual = #products
SET #products = NULL
SELECT #individual
END
END
First, create a function (using CTE, common table expression does away with the need for a temp table)
create function dbo.SplitString
(
#str nvarchar(4000),
#separator char(1)
)
returns table
AS
return (
with tokens(p, a, b) AS (
select
1,
1,
charindex(#separator, #str)
union all
select
p + 1,
b + 1,
charindex(#separator, #str, b + 1)
from tokens
where b > 0
)
select
p-1 zeroBasedOccurance,
substring(
#str,
a,
case when b > 0 then b-a ELSE 4000 end)
AS s
from tokens
)
GO
Then, use it as any table (or modify it to fit within your existing stored proc) like this.
select s
from dbo.SplitString('Hello John Smith', ' ')
where zeroBasedOccurance=1
Update
Previous version would fail for input string longer than 4000 chars. This version takes care of the limitation:
create function dbo.SplitString
(
#str nvarchar(max),
#separator char(1)
)
returns table
AS
return (
with tokens(p, a, b) AS (
select
cast(1 as bigint),
cast(1 as bigint),
charindex(#separator, #str)
union all
select
p + 1,
b + 1,
charindex(#separator, #str, b + 1)
from tokens
where b > 0
)
select
p-1 ItemIndex,
substring(
#str,
a,
case when b > 0 then b-a ELSE LEN(#str) end)
AS s
from tokens
);
GO
Usage remains the same.
Most of the solutions here use while loops or recursive CTEs. A set-based approach will be superior, I promise, if you can use a delimiter other than a space:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[SplitString]
(
#List NVARCHAR(MAX),
#Delim VARCHAR(255)
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN ( SELECT [Value], idx = RANK() OVER (ORDER BY n) FROM
(
SELECT n = Number,
[Value] = LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(#List, [Number],
CHARINDEX(#Delim, #List + #Delim, [Number]) - [Number])))
FROM (SELECT Number = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY name)
FROM sys.all_objects) AS x
WHERE Number <= LEN(#List)
AND SUBSTRING(#Delim + #List, [Number], LEN(#Delim)) = #Delim
) AS y
);
Sample usage:
SELECT Value FROM dbo.SplitString('foo,bar,blat,foo,splunge',',')
WHERE idx = 3;
Results:
----
blat
You could also add the idx you want as an argument to the function, but I'll leave that as an exercise to the reader.
You can't do this with just the native STRING_SPLIT function added in SQL Server 2016, because there is no guarantee that the output will be rendered in the order of the original list. In other words, if you pass in 3,6,1 the result will likely be in that order, but it could be 1,3,6. I have asked for the community's help in improving the built-in function here:
Please help with STRING_SPLIT improvements
With enough qualitative feedback, they may actually consider making some of these enhancements:
STRING_SPLIT is not feature complete
More on split functions, why (and proof that) while loops and recursive CTEs don't scale, and better alternatives, if splitting strings coming from the application layer:
Split strings the right way – or the next best way
Splitting Strings : A Follow-Up
Splitting Strings : Now with less T-SQL
Comparing string splitting / concatenation methods
Processing a list of integers : my approach
Splitting a list of integers : another roundup
More on splitting lists : custom delimiters, preventing duplicates, and maintaining order
Removing Duplicates from Strings in SQL Server
On SQL Server 2016 or above, though, you should look at STRING_SPLIT() and STRING_AGG():
Performance Surprises and Assumptions : STRING_SPLIT()
STRING_SPLIT() in SQL Server 2016 : Follow-Up #1
STRING_SPLIT() in SQL Server 2016 : Follow-Up #2
SQL Server v.Next : STRING_AGG() performance
Solve old problems with SQL Server’s new STRING_AGG and STRING_SPLIT functions
You can leverage a Number table to do the string parsing.
Create a physical numbers table:
create table dbo.Numbers (N int primary key);
insert into dbo.Numbers
select top 1000 row_number() over(order by number) from master..spt_values
go
Create test table with 1000000 rows
create table #yak (i int identity(1,1) primary key, array varchar(50))
insert into #yak(array)
select 'a,b,c' from dbo.Numbers n cross join dbo.Numbers nn
go
Create the function
create function [dbo].[ufn_ParseArray]
( #Input nvarchar(4000),
#Delimiter char(1) = ',',
#BaseIdent int
)
returns table as
return
( select row_number() over (order by n asc) + (#BaseIdent - 1) [i],
substring(#Input, n, charindex(#Delimiter, #Input + #Delimiter, n) - n) s
from dbo.Numbers
where n <= convert(int, len(#Input)) and
substring(#Delimiter + #Input, n, 1) = #Delimiter
)
go
Usage (outputs 3mil rows in 40s on my laptop)
select *
from #yak
cross apply dbo.ufn_ParseArray(array, ',', 1)
cleanup
drop table dbo.Numbers;
drop function [dbo].[ufn_ParseArray]
Performance here is not amazing, but calling a function over a million row table is not the best idea. If performing a string split over many rows I would avoid the function.
This question is not about a string split approach, but about how to get the nth element.
All answers here are doing some kind of string splitting using recursion, CTEs, multiple CHARINDEX, REVERSE and PATINDEX, inventing functions, call for CLR methods, number tables, CROSS APPLYs ... Most answers cover many lines of code.
But - if you really want nothing more than an approach to get the nth element - this can be done as real one-liner, no UDF, not even a sub-select... And as an extra benefit: type safe
Get part 2 delimited by a space:
DECLARE #input NVARCHAR(100)=N'part1 part2 part3';
SELECT CAST(N'<x>' + REPLACE(#input,N' ',N'</x><x>') + N'</x>' AS XML).value('/x[2]','nvarchar(max)')
Of course you can use variables for delimiter and position (use sql:column to retrieve the position directly from a query's value):
DECLARE #dlmt NVARCHAR(10)=N' ';
DECLARE #pos INT = 2;
SELECT CAST(N'<x>' + REPLACE(#input,#dlmt,N'</x><x>') + N'</x>' AS XML).value('/x[sql:variable("#pos")][1]','nvarchar(max)')
If your string might include forbidden characters (especially one among &><), you still can do it this way. Just use FOR XML PATH on your string first to replace all forbidden characters with the fitting escape sequence implicitly.
It's a very special case if - additionally - your delimiter is the semicolon. In this case I replace the delimiter first to '#DLMT#', and replace this to the XML tags finally:
SET #input=N'Some <, > and &;Other äöü#€;One more';
SET #dlmt=N';';
SELECT CAST(N'<x>' + REPLACE((SELECT REPLACE(#input,#dlmt,'#DLMT#') AS [*] FOR XML PATH('')),N'#DLMT#',N'</x><x>') + N'</x>' AS XML).value('/x[sql:variable("#pos")][1]','nvarchar(max)');
UPDATE for SQL-Server 2016+
Regretfully the developers forgot to return the part's index with STRING_SPLIT. But, using SQL-Server 2016+, there is JSON_VALUE and OPENJSON.
With JSON_VALUE we can pass in the position as the index' array.
For OPENJSON the documentation states clearly:
When OPENJSON parses a JSON array, the function returns the indexes of the elements in the JSON text as keys.
A string like 1,2,3 needs nothing more than brackets: [1,2,3].
A string of words like this is an example needs to be ["this","is","an","example"].
These are very easy string operations. Just try it out:
DECLARE #str VARCHAR(100)='Hello John Smith';
DECLARE #position INT = 2;
--We can build the json-path '$[1]' using CONCAT
SELECT JSON_VALUE('["' + REPLACE(#str,' ','","') + '"]',CONCAT('$[',#position-1,']'));
--See this for a position safe string-splitter (zero-based):
SELECT JsonArray.[key] AS [Position]
,JsonArray.[value] AS [Part]
FROM OPENJSON('["' + REPLACE(#str,' ','","') + '"]') JsonArray
In this post I tested various approaches and found, that OPENJSON is really fast. Even much faster than the famous "delimitedSplit8k()" method...
UPDATE 2 - Get the values type-safe
We can use an array within an array simply by using doubled [[]]. This allows for a typed WITH-clause:
DECLARE #SomeDelimitedString VARCHAR(100)='part1|1|20190920';
DECLARE #JsonArray NVARCHAR(MAX)=CONCAT('[["',REPLACE(#SomeDelimitedString,'|','","'),'"]]');
SELECT #SomeDelimitedString AS TheOriginal
,#JsonArray AS TransformedToJSON
,ValuesFromTheArray.*
FROM OPENJSON(#JsonArray)
WITH(TheFirstFragment VARCHAR(100) '$[0]'
,TheSecondFragment INT '$[1]'
,TheThirdFragment DATE '$[2]') ValuesFromTheArray
Here is a UDF which will do it. It will return a table of the delimited values, haven't tried all scenarios on it but your example works fine.
CREATE FUNCTION SplitString
(
-- Add the parameters for the function here
#myString varchar(500),
#deliminator varchar(10)
)
RETURNS
#ReturnTable TABLE
(
-- Add the column definitions for the TABLE variable here
[id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[part] [varchar](50) NULL
)
AS
BEGIN
Declare #iSpaces int
Declare #part varchar(50)
--initialize spaces
Select #iSpaces = charindex(#deliminator,#myString,0)
While #iSpaces > 0
Begin
Select #part = substring(#myString,0,charindex(#deliminator,#myString,0))
Insert Into #ReturnTable(part)
Select #part
Select #myString = substring(#mystring,charindex(#deliminator,#myString,0)+ len(#deliminator),len(#myString) - charindex(' ',#myString,0))
Select #iSpaces = charindex(#deliminator,#myString,0)
end
If len(#myString) > 0
Insert Into #ReturnTable
Select #myString
RETURN
END
GO
You would call it like this:
Select * From SplitString('Hello John Smith',' ')
Edit: Updated solution to handle delimters with a len>1 as in :
select * From SplitString('Hello**John**Smith','**')
Here I post a simple way of solution
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[split](
#delimited NVARCHAR(MAX),
#delimiter NVARCHAR(100)
) RETURNS #t TABLE (id INT IDENTITY(1,1), val NVARCHAR(MAX))
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #xml XML
SET #xml = N'<t>' + REPLACE(#delimited,#delimiter,'</t><t>') + '</t>'
INSERT INTO #t(val)
SELECT r.value('.','varchar(MAX)') as item
FROM #xml.nodes('/t') as records(r)
RETURN
END
Execute the function like this
select * from dbo.split('Hello John Smith',' ')
In my opinion you guys are making it way too complicated. Just create a CLR UDF and be done with it.
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Data.SqlTypes;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public partial class UserDefinedFunctions {
[SqlFunction]
public static SqlString SearchString(string Search) {
List<string> SearchWords = new List<string>();
foreach (string s in Search.Split(new char[] { ' ' })) {
if (!s.ToLower().Equals("or") && !s.ToLower().Equals("and")) {
SearchWords.Add(s);
}
}
return new SqlString(string.Join(" OR ", SearchWords.ToArray()));
}
};
What about using string and values() statement?
DECLARE #str varchar(max)
SET #str = 'Hello John Smith'
DECLARE #separator varchar(max)
SET #separator = ' '
DECLARE #Splited TABLE(id int IDENTITY(1,1), item varchar(max))
SET #str = REPLACE(#str, #separator, '''),(''')
SET #str = 'SELECT * FROM (VALUES(''' + #str + ''')) AS V(A)'
INSERT INTO #Splited
EXEC(#str)
SELECT * FROM #Splited
Result-set achieved.
id item
1 Hello
2 John
3 Smith
I use the answer of frederic but this did not work in SQL Server 2005
I modified it and I'm using select with union all and it works
DECLARE #str varchar(max)
SET #str = 'Hello John Smith how are you'
DECLARE #separator varchar(max)
SET #separator = ' '
DECLARE #Splited table(id int IDENTITY(1,1), item varchar(max))
SET #str = REPLACE(#str, #separator, ''' UNION ALL SELECT ''')
SET #str = ' SELECT ''' + #str + ''' '
INSERT INTO #Splited
EXEC(#str)
SELECT * FROM #Splited
And the result-set is:
id item
1 Hello
2 John
3 Smith
4 how
5 are
6 you
This pattern works fine and you can generalize
Convert(xml,'<n>'+Replace(FIELD,'.','</n><n>')+'</n>').value('(/n[INDEX])','TYPE')
^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^
note FIELD, INDEX and TYPE.
Let some table with identifiers like
sys.message.1234.warning.A45
sys.message.1235.error.O98
....
Then, you can write
SELECT Source = q.value('(/n[1])', 'varchar(10)'),
RecordType = q.value('(/n[2])', 'varchar(20)'),
RecordNumber = q.value('(/n[3])', 'int'),
Status = q.value('(/n[4])', 'varchar(5)')
FROM (
SELECT q = Convert(xml,'<n>'+Replace(fieldName,'.','</n><n>')+'</n>')
FROM some_TABLE
) Q
splitting and casting all parts.
Yet another get n'th part of string by delimeter function:
create function GetStringPartByDelimeter (
#value as nvarchar(max),
#delimeter as nvarchar(max),
#position as int
) returns NVARCHAR(MAX)
AS BEGIN
declare #startPos as int
declare #endPos as int
set #endPos = -1
while (#position > 0 and #endPos != 0) begin
set #startPos = #endPos + 1
set #endPos = charindex(#delimeter, #value, #startPos)
if(#position = 1) begin
if(#endPos = 0)
set #endPos = len(#value) + 1
return substring(#value, #startPos, #endPos - #startPos)
end
set #position = #position - 1
end
return null
end
and the usage:
select dbo.GetStringPartByDelimeter ('a;b;c;d;e', ';', 3)
which returns:
c
If your database has compatibility level of 130 or higher then you can use the STRING_SPLIT function along with OFFSET FETCH clauses to get the specific item by index.
To get the item at index N (zero based), you can use the following code
SELECT value
FROM STRING_SPLIT('Hello John Smith',' ')
ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)
OFFSET N ROWS
FETCH NEXT 1 ROWS ONLY
To check the compatibility level of your database, execute this code:
SELECT compatibility_level
FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'YourDBName';
Try this:
CREATE function [SplitWordList]
(
#list varchar(8000)
)
returns #t table
(
Word varchar(50) not null,
Position int identity(1,1) not null
)
as begin
declare
#pos int,
#lpos int,
#item varchar(100),
#ignore varchar(100),
#dl int,
#a1 int,
#a2 int,
#z1 int,
#z2 int,
#n1 int,
#n2 int,
#c varchar(1),
#a smallint
select
#a1 = ascii('a'),
#a2 = ascii('A'),
#z1 = ascii('z'),
#z2 = ascii('Z'),
#n1 = ascii('0'),
#n2 = ascii('9')
set #ignore = '''"'
set #pos = 1
set #dl = datalength(#list)
set #lpos = 1
set #item = ''
while (#pos <= #dl) begin
set #c = substring(#list, #pos, 1)
if (#ignore not like '%' + #c + '%') begin
set #a = ascii(#c)
if ((#a >= #a1) and (#a <= #z1))
or ((#a >= #a2) and (#a <= #z2))
or ((#a >= #n1) and (#a <= #n2))
begin
set #item = #item + #c
end else if (#item > '') begin
insert into #t values (#item)
set #item = ''
end
end
set #pos = #pos + 1
end
if (#item > '') begin
insert into #t values (#item)
end
return
end
Test it like this:
select * from SplitWordList('Hello John Smith')
I was looking for the solution on net and the below works for me.
Ref.
And you call the function like this :
SELECT * FROM dbo.split('ram shyam hari gopal',' ')
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[Split](#String VARCHAR(8000), #Delimiter CHAR(1))
RETURNS #temptable TABLE (items VARCHAR(8000))
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #idx INT
DECLARE #slice VARCHAR(8000)
SELECT #idx = 1
IF len(#String)<1 OR #String IS NULL RETURN
WHILE #idx!= 0
BEGIN
SET #idx = charindex(#Delimiter,#String)
IF #idx!=0
SET #slice = LEFT(#String,#idx - 1)
ELSE
SET #slice = #String
IF(len(#slice)>0)
INSERT INTO #temptable(Items) VALUES(#slice)
SET #String = RIGHT(#String,len(#String) - #idx)
IF len(#String) = 0 break
END
RETURN
END
The following example uses a recursive CTE
Update 18.09.2013
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitStrings_CTE(#List nvarchar(max), #Delimiter nvarchar(1))
RETURNS #returns TABLE (val nvarchar(max), [level] int, PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED([level]))
AS
BEGIN
;WITH cte AS
(
SELECT SUBSTRING(#List, 0, CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, #List + #Delimiter)) AS val,
CAST(STUFF(#List + #Delimiter, 1, CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, #List + #Delimiter), '') AS nvarchar(max)) AS stval,
1 AS [level]
UNION ALL
SELECT SUBSTRING(stval, 0, CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, stval)),
CAST(STUFF(stval, 1, CHARINDEX(#Delimiter, stval), '') AS nvarchar(max)),
[level] + 1
FROM cte
WHERE stval != ''
)
INSERT #returns
SELECT REPLACE(val, ' ','' ) AS val, [level]
FROM cte
WHERE val > ''
RETURN
END
Demo on SQLFiddle
Alter Function dbo.fn_Split
(
#Expression nvarchar(max),
#Delimiter nvarchar(20) = ',',
#Qualifier char(1) = Null
)
RETURNS #Results TABLE (id int IDENTITY(1,1), value nvarchar(max))
AS
BEGIN
/* USAGE
Select * From dbo.fn_Split('apple pear grape banana orange honeydew cantalope 3 2 1 4', ' ', Null)
Select * From dbo.fn_Split('1,abc,"Doe, John",4', ',', '"')
Select * From dbo.fn_Split('Hello 0,"&""&&&&', ',', '"')
*/
-- Declare Variables
DECLARE
#X xml,
#Temp nvarchar(max),
#Temp2 nvarchar(max),
#Start int,
#End int
-- HTML Encode #Expression
Select #Expression = (Select #Expression For XML Path(''))
-- Find all occurences of #Delimiter within #Qualifier and replace with |||***|||
While PATINDEX('%' + #Qualifier + '%', #Expression) > 0 AND Len(IsNull(#Qualifier, '')) > 0
BEGIN
Select
-- Starting character position of #Qualifier
#Start = PATINDEX('%' + #Qualifier + '%', #Expression),
-- #Expression starting at the #Start position
#Temp = SubString(#Expression, #Start + 1, LEN(#Expression)-#Start+1),
-- Next position of #Qualifier within #Expression
#End = PATINDEX('%' + #Qualifier + '%', #Temp) - 1,
-- The part of Expression found between the #Qualifiers
#Temp2 = Case When #End &LT 0 Then #Temp Else Left(#Temp, #End) End,
-- New #Expression
#Expression = REPLACE(#Expression,
#Qualifier + #Temp2 + Case When #End &LT 0 Then '' Else #Qualifier End,
Replace(#Temp2, #Delimiter, '|||***|||')
)
END
-- Replace all occurences of #Delimiter within #Expression with '&lt/fn_Split&gt&ltfn_Split&gt'
-- And convert it to XML so we can select from it
SET
#X = Cast('&ltfn_Split&gt' +
Replace(#Expression, #Delimiter, '&lt/fn_Split&gt&ltfn_Split&gt') +
'&lt/fn_Split&gt' as xml)
-- Insert into our returnable table replacing '|||***|||' back to #Delimiter
INSERT #Results
SELECT
"Value" = LTRIM(RTrim(Replace(C.value('.', 'nvarchar(max)'), '|||***|||', #Delimiter)))
FROM
#X.nodes('fn_Split') as X(C)
-- Return our temp table
RETURN
END
You can split a string in SQL without needing a function:
DECLARE #bla varchar(MAX)
SET #bla = 'BED40DFC-F468-46DD-8017-00EF2FA3E4A4,64B59FC5-3F4D-4B0E-9A48-01F3D4F220B0,A611A108-97CA-42F3-A2E1-057165339719,E72D95EA-578F-45FC-88E5-075F66FD726C'
-- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14712864/how-to-query-values-from-xml-nodes
SELECT
x.XmlCol.value('.', 'varchar(36)') AS val
FROM
(
SELECT
CAST('<e>' + REPLACE(#bla, ',', '</e><e>') + '</e>' AS xml) AS RawXml
) AS b
CROSS APPLY b.RawXml.nodes('e') x(XmlCol);
If you need to support arbitrary strings (with xml special characters)
DECLARE #bla NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET #bla = '<html>unsafe & safe Utf8CharsDon''tGetEncoded ÄöÜ - "Conex"<html>,Barnes & Noble,abc,def,ghi'
-- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14712864/how-to-query-values-from-xml-nodes
SELECT
x.XmlCol.value('.', 'nvarchar(MAX)') AS val
FROM
(
SELECT
CAST('<e>' + REPLACE((SELECT #bla FOR XML PATH('')), ',', '</e><e>') + '</e>' AS xml) AS RawXml
) AS b
CROSS APPLY b.RawXml.nodes('e') x(XmlCol);
In Azure SQL Database (based on Microsoft SQL Server but not exactly the same thing) the signature of STRING_SPLIT function looks like:
STRING_SPLIT ( string , separator [ , enable_ordinal ] )
When enable_ordinal flag is set to 1 the result will include a column named ordinal that consists of the 1‑based position of the substring within the input string:
SELECT *
FROM STRING_SPLIT('hello john smith', ' ', 1)
| value | ordinal |
|-------|---------|
| hello | 1 |
| john | 2 |
| smith | 3 |
This allows us to do this:
SELECT value
FROM STRING_SPLIT('hello john smith', ' ', 1)
WHERE ordinal = 2
| value |
|-------|
| john |
If enable_ordinal is not available then there is a trick which assumes that the substrings within the input string are unique. In this scenario, CHAR_INDEX could be used to find the position of the substring within the input string:
SELECT value, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY CHARINDEX(value, input_str)) AS ord_pos
FROM (VALUES
('hello john smith')
) AS x(input_str)
CROSS APPLY STRING_SPLIT(input_str, ' ')
| value | ord_pos |
|-------+---------|
| hello | 1 |
| john | 2 |
| smith | 3 |
I know it's an old Question, but i think some one can benefit from my solution.
select
SUBSTRING(column_name,1,CHARINDEX(' ',column_name,1)-1)
,SUBSTRING(SUBSTRING(column_name,CHARINDEX(' ',column_name,1)+1,LEN(column_name))
,1
,CHARINDEX(' ',SUBSTRING(column_name,CHARINDEX(' ',column_name,1)+1,LEN(column_name)),1)-1)
,SUBSTRING(SUBSTRING(column_name,CHARINDEX(' ',column_name,1)+1,LEN(column_name))
,CHARINDEX(' ',SUBSTRING(column_name,CHARINDEX(' ',column_name,1)+1,LEN(column_name)),1)+1
,LEN(column_name))
from table_name
SQL FIDDLE
Advantages:
It separates all the 3 sub-strings deliminator by ' '.
One must not use while loop, as it decreases the performance.
No need to Pivot as all the resultant sub-string will be displayed in
one Row
Limitations:
One must know the total no. of spaces (sub-string).
Note: the solution can give sub-string up to to N.
To overcame the limitation we can use the following ref.
But again the above solution can't be use in a table (Actaully i wasn't able to use it).
Again i hope this solution can help some-one.
Update: In case of Records > 50000 it is not advisable to use LOOPS as it will degrade the Performance
Pure set-based solution using TVF with recursive CTE. You can JOIN and APPLY this function to any dataset.
create function [dbo].[SplitStringToResultSet] (#value varchar(max), #separator char(1))
returns table
as return
with r as (
select value, cast(null as varchar(max)) [x], -1 [no] from (select rtrim(cast(#value as varchar(max))) [value]) as j
union all
select right(value, len(value)-case charindex(#separator, value) when 0 then len(value) else charindex(#separator, value) end) [value]
, left(r.[value], case charindex(#separator, r.value) when 0 then len(r.value) else abs(charindex(#separator, r.[value])-1) end ) [x]
, [no] + 1 [no]
from r where value > '')
select ltrim(x) [value], [no] [index] from r where x is not null;
go
Usage:
select *
from [dbo].[SplitStringToResultSet]('Hello John Smith', ' ')
where [index] = 1;
Result:
value index
-------------
John 1
Almost all the other answers are replacing the string being split which wastes CPU cycles and performs unnecessary memory allocations.
I cover a much better way to do a string split here: http://www.digitalruby.com/split-string-sql-server/
Here is the code:
SET NOCOUNT ON
-- You will want to change nvarchar(MAX) to nvarchar(50), varchar(50) or whatever matches exactly with the string column you will be searching against
DECLARE #SplitStringTable TABLE (Value nvarchar(MAX) NOT NULL)
DECLARE #StringToSplit nvarchar(MAX) = 'your|string|to|split|here'
DECLARE #SplitEndPos int
DECLARE #SplitValue nvarchar(MAX)
DECLARE #SplitDelim nvarchar(1) = '|'
DECLARE #SplitStartPos int = 1
SET #SplitEndPos = CHARINDEX(#SplitDelim, #StringToSplit, #SplitStartPos)
WHILE #SplitEndPos > 0
BEGIN
SET #SplitValue = SUBSTRING(#StringToSplit, #SplitStartPos, (#SplitEndPos - #SplitStartPos))
INSERT #SplitStringTable (Value) VALUES (#SplitValue)
SET #SplitStartPos = #SplitEndPos + 1
SET #SplitEndPos = CHARINDEX(#SplitDelim, #StringToSplit, #SplitStartPos)
END
SET #SplitValue = SUBSTRING(#StringToSplit, #SplitStartPos, 2147483647)
INSERT #SplitStringTable (Value) VALUES(#SplitValue)
SET NOCOUNT OFF
-- You can select or join with the values in #SplitStringTable at this point.
Recursive CTE solution with server pain, test it
MS SQL Server 2008 Schema Setup:
create table Course( Courses varchar(100) );
insert into Course values ('Hello John Smith');
Query 1:
with cte as
( select
left( Courses, charindex( ' ' , Courses) ) as a_l,
cast( substring( Courses,
charindex( ' ' , Courses) + 1 ,
len(Courses ) ) + ' '
as varchar(100) ) as a_r,
Courses as a,
0 as n
from Course t
union all
select
left(a_r, charindex( ' ' , a_r) ) as a_l,
substring( a_r, charindex( ' ' , a_r) + 1 , len(a_R ) ) as a_r,
cte.a,
cte.n + 1 as n
from Course t inner join cte
on t.Courses = cte.a and len( a_r ) > 0
)
select a_l, n from cte
--where N = 1
Results:
| A_L | N |
|--------|---|
| Hello | 0 |
| John | 1 |
| Smith | 2 |
while similar to the xml based answer by josejuan, i found that processing the xml path only once, then pivoting was moderately more efficient:
select ID,
[3] as PathProvidingID,
[4] as PathProvider,
[5] as ComponentProvidingID,
[6] as ComponentProviding,
[7] as InputRecievingID,
[8] as InputRecieving,
[9] as RowsPassed,
[10] as InputRecieving2
from
(
select id,message,d.* from sysssislog cross apply (
SELECT Item = y.i.value('(./text())[1]', 'varchar(200)'),
row_number() over(order by y.i) as rn
FROM
(
SELECT x = CONVERT(XML, '<i>' + REPLACE(Message, ':', '</i><i>') + '</i>').query('.')
) AS a CROSS APPLY x.nodes('i') AS y(i)
) d
WHERE event
=
'OnPipelineRowsSent'
) as tokens
pivot
( max(item) for [rn] in ([3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10])
) as data
ran in 8:30
select id,
tokens.value('(/n[3])', 'varchar(100)')as PathProvidingID,
tokens.value('(/n[4])', 'varchar(100)') as PathProvider,
tokens.value('(/n[5])', 'varchar(100)') as ComponentProvidingID,
tokens.value('(/n[6])', 'varchar(100)') as ComponentProviding,
tokens.value('(/n[7])', 'varchar(100)') as InputRecievingID,
tokens.value('(/n[8])', 'varchar(100)') as InputRecieving,
tokens.value('(/n[9])', 'varchar(100)') as RowsPassed
from
(
select id, Convert(xml,'<n>'+Replace(message,'.','</n><n>')+'</n>') tokens
from sysssislog
WHERE event
=
'OnPipelineRowsSent'
) as data
ran in 9:20
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplitString]
(
#string NVARCHAR(MAX),
#delimiter CHAR(1)
)
RETURNS #output TABLE(splitdata NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
BEGIN
DECLARE #start INT, #end INT
SELECT #start = 1, #end = CHARINDEX(#delimiter, #string)
WHILE #start < LEN(#string) + 1 BEGIN
IF #end = 0
SET #end = LEN(#string) + 1
INSERT INTO #output (splitdata)
VALUES(SUBSTRING(#string, #start, #end - #start))
SET #start = #end + 1
SET #end = CHARINDEX(#delimiter, #string, #start)
END
RETURN
END
AND USE IT
select *from dbo.fnSplitString('Querying SQL Server','')
if anyone wants to get only one part of the seperatured text can use this
select * from fromSplitStringSep('Word1 wordr2 word3',' ')
CREATE function [dbo].[SplitStringSep]
(
#str nvarchar(4000),
#separator char(1)
)
returns table
AS
return (
with tokens(p, a, b) AS (
select
1,
1,
charindex(#separator, #str)
union all
select
p + 1,
b + 1,
charindex(#separator, #str, b + 1)
from tokens
where b > 0
)
select
p-1 zeroBasedOccurance,
substring(
#str,
a,
case when b > 0 then b-a ELSE 4000 end)
AS s
from tokens
)
I devoloped this,
declare #x nvarchar(Max) = 'ali.veli.deli.';
declare #item nvarchar(Max);
declare #splitter char='.';
while CHARINDEX(#splitter,#x) != 0
begin
set #item = LEFT(#x,CHARINDEX(#splitter,#x))
set #x = RIGHT(#x,len(#x)-len(#item) )
select #item as item, #x as x;
end
the only attention you should is dot '.' that end of the #x is always should be there.
building on #NothingsImpossible solution, or, rather, comment on the most voted answer (just below the accepted one), i found the following quick-and-dirty solution fulfill my own needs - it has a benefit of being solely within SQL domain.
given a string "first;second;third;fourth;fifth", say, I want to get the third token. this works only if we know how many tokens the string is going to have - in this case it's 5. so my way of action is to chop the last two tokens away (inner query), and then to chop the first two tokens away (outer query)
i know that this is ugly and covers the specific conditions i was in, but am posting it just in case somebody finds it useful. cheers
select
REVERSE(
SUBSTRING(
reverse_substring,
0,
CHARINDEX(';', reverse_substring)
)
)
from
(
select
msg,
SUBSTRING(
REVERSE(msg),
CHARINDEX(
';',
REVERSE(msg),
CHARINDEX(
';',
REVERSE(msg)
)+1
)+1,
1000
) reverse_substring
from
(
select 'first;second;third;fourth;fifth' msg
) a
) b
declare #strng varchar(max)='hello john smith'
select (
substring(
#strng,
charindex(' ', #strng) + 1,
(
(charindex(' ', #strng, charindex(' ', #strng) + 1))
- charindex(' ',#strng)
)
))