How to select table's columns using its number? For example:
Select col:1, col:2
From Banks
instead of
Select Id, Name
From Banks
I have problem like this - I have list of selecting queries in database, but first and second columns has different names/aliases:
Id, Name
Name, Description
1 CODE, 'Male' VALUE
...
I want to filter them with a parameter:
Select Id, Name
From Banks
Where lower(Name) like lower(''%' + p_bank_name + '%'')'
So, how can I write this code:
Select col:1, col:2
From Banks
Where lower(col:2) like lower(''%' + p_bank_name + '%'')'
??
Also, I can write sub queries:
Select col:1, col:2
From (
Select Id, Name
From Banks
) r
Where lower(col:2) like lower(''%' + p_bank_name + '%'')'
But, how??
This is not exactly same as what you are trying to do. However, It is almost there. It won't select column by number, however you dont have to specify the explicit column from your real table while writing this query.
As all us suggested, you have to use the dynamic SQL. This is a little idea I created:
create table test1(name1 varchar(10), address1 varchar(10), zipcode1 varchar(10))
insert into test1 values('Test1.1','USA','12344')
insert into test1 values('Test1.2','USA','12344')
insert into test1 values('Test1.3','USA','12344')
insert into test1 values('Test1.4','USA','12344')
create table test2(name2 varchar(10), address2 varchar(10), zipcode2 varchar(10))
insert into test2 values('Test2.1','USA','12344')
insert into test2 values('Test2.2','USA','12344')
insert into test2 values('Test2.3','USA','12344')
insert into test2 values('Test2.4','USA','12344')
You see, the Table name, and the Column name are completely different in both.
Now this sql statement doesn't care about column names :
select * from
(
select '' as T1, '' as T2, '' as T3
union all
select * from test1 --No matter whether it is Id, Name or description
union all
select * from test2 --No matter whether it is Id, Name or description
) as D
where D.T1<>'' -- your other conditions!
Only issue is, since we are using Union, you have to match the number of columns when you specify your empty columns:
select '' as T1, '' as T2, '' as T3, '' as T4, 0 as T5 -- and so on
Here's the output:
Related
I currently have a query that looks like this:
Select val1, val2, val3, val4 from Table_A where someID = 10
UNION
Select oth1, val2, val3, oth4 from Table_B where someId = 10
I initially run this same query above but with EXCEPT, to identify which ID's are returned with differences, and then I do a UNION query to find which columns specifically are different.
My goal is to compare the values between the two tables (some columns have different names). And that's what I'm doing.
However, the two queries above have about 250 different field names, so it is quite mundane to scroll through to find the differences.
Is there a better and quicker way to identify which column names are different after running the two queries?
EDIT: Here's my current process:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS #Table_1
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS #Table_2
SELECT 'Dave' AS Name, 'Smih' AS LName, 18 AS Age, 'Alabama' AS State
INTO #Table_1
SELECT 'Dave' AS Name, 'Smith' AS LName, 19 AS Age, 'Alabama' AS State
INTO #Table_2
--FInd differences
SELECT Name, LName,Age,State FROM #Table_1
EXCEPT
SELECT Name, LName,Age,State FROM #Table_2
--How I compare differences
SELECT Name, LName,Age,State FROM #Table_1
UNION
SELECT Name, LName,Age,State FROM #Table_2
Is there any way to streamline this so I can get a column list of differences?
Here is a generic way to handle two tables differences.
We just need to know their primary key column.
It is based on JSON, and will work starting from SQL Server 2016 onwards.
SQL
-- DDL and sample data population, start
DECLARE #TableA TABLE (rowid INT IDENTITY(1,1), FirstName VARCHAR(100), LastName VARCHAR(100), Phone VARCHAR(100));
DECLARE #TableB table (rowid int Identity(1,1), FirstName varchar(100), LastName varchar(100), Phone varchar(100));
INSERT INTO #TableA(FirstName, LastName, Phone) VALUES
('JORGE','LUIS','41514493'),
('JUAN','ROBERRTO','41324133'),
('ALBERTO','JOSE','41514461'),
('JULIO','ESTUARDO','56201550'),
('ALFREDO','JOSE','32356654'),
('LUIS','FERNANDO','98596210');
INSERT INTO #TableB(FirstName, LastName, Phone) VALUES
('JORGE','LUIS','41514493'),
('JUAN','ROBERTO','41324132'),
('ALBERTO','JOSE','41514461'),
('JULIO','ESTUARDO','56201551'),
('ALFRIDO','JOSE','32356653'),
('LUIS','FERNANDOO','98596210');
-- DDL and sample data population, end
SELECT rowid
,[key] AS [column]
,Org_Value = MAX( CASE WHEN Src=1 THEN Value END)
,New_Value = MAX( CASE WHEN Src=2 THEN Value END)
FROM (
SELECT Src=1
,rowid
,B.*
FROM #TableA A
CROSS APPLY ( SELECT [Key]
,Value
FROM OpenJson( (SELECT A.* For JSON Path,Without_Array_Wrapper,INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES))
) AS B
UNION ALL
SELECT Src=2
,rowid
,B.*
FROM #TableB A
CROSS APPLY ( SELECT [Key]
,Value
FROM OpenJson( (SELECT A.* For JSON Path,Without_Array_Wrapper,INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES))
) AS B
) AS A
GROUP BY rowid,[key]
HAVING MAX(CASE WHEN Src=1 THEN Value END)
<> MAX(CASE WHEN Src=2 THEN Value END)
ORDER BY rowid,[key];
Output
rowid
column
Org_Value
New_Value
2
LastName
ROBERRTO
ROBERTO
2
Phone
41324133
41324132
4
Phone
56201550
56201551
5
FirstName
ALFREDO
ALFRIDO
5
Phone
32356654
32356653
6
LastName
FERNANDO
FERNANDOO
Sample data -
CREATE TABLE dbo.#test
(
id int NOT NULL,
name varchar (10) NULL,
name2 varchar (10) null
);
insert into #test values ('1','abc','abc')
insert into #test values ('1','abc','yyy')
insert into #test values ('1','abc','zzz')
insert into #test values ('1','abc','ddd')
select * from #test
Now, I'm trying to join/merge column 'name' and 'name2' followed by remove duplicates and shows value as below - Any thoughts ?
Name
abc
ddd
yyy
zzz
I need to get this done using CASE statement i.e., sample code is below. (Albeit this can be achieved by using UNION but I need to use CASE Statement)
select case 'b'
when 'a'
then name
when 'b'
then coalesce (name , name2 )
end as NAME from #test
This is awful and should really be done using a UNION, but I think it's what you were after in this example:-
select
case
when (select count(*) from #test b where b.name = a.name2) > 1 then a.name
else a.name2
end as Name
from #test a
Really though, you should have something like this:-
select name from #test
union
select name2 from #test
Well one of the way to get desired result is by using Union
and another alternate way is this -
SELECT id
,(
SELECT max(name1)
FROM (
VALUES (name)
,(name2)
) res(name1)
) AS name
FROM #test
Result
id Name
--------
1 abc
1 ddd
1 yyy
1 zzz
If I can do the following select statement to create a table with one value
SELECT 'myname' AS 'Name'
this will return a table with column = Name and one value = myname
how can I work around this to return one column with multiple values from just the select statement
I don't want to do this :
DECLARE #tmp TABLE (Name varchar(50))
INSERT INTO #tmp (Name) VALUES ('myname1'),('myname2')
SELECT * FROM #tmp
Just from a single SELECT statement if possible
Or, you can use the multiple VALUES in the SELECT, like:
SELECT [Name]
FROM (VALUES ('myname1'),('myname2')) AS X([name])
If you're wanting to simulate a table with multiple rows just with SELECT statement, this can typically be done with UNION of rows:
SELECT 'myname1' AS 'Name' UNION
SELECT 'myname2' UNION
SELECT 'myname3'
-- etc
Demo: http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!3/d41d8/12433
In case you want to simulate sequential data like in your example.You can define a recursive CTE and use it like a table.
Below code will generate 10 records
;With Users as
(
Select 1 as ID, CAST('Username1' AS varchar(25)) as Name
union all
Select ID + 1 , CAST('Username'+CAST(ID+1 AS varchar(5) ) AS varchar(25))
from Users
where ID < 10
)
SELECT * FROM Users
Here is SQL Fiddle http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!3/d41d8/12452
But CTE cannot be used in multiple statements.If you need to use it in multi statements. Then insert data from CTE to Temp Table or Table Variable.
Table A
ID COLA
-----------------------
A value1
B value1
C value1
Table B
ID DETAIL_ID COL_X COL_Y
A 0 foo foo
A 1 bar bar
B 0 foo foo
My expected out is something like
ID COLA COL_X_0 COL_X_1 COL_Y_0 COL_Y_1
A value1 foo bar foo bar
B value1 foo NULL foo NULL
C value1 NULL NULL NULL NULL
It means the rows of table B will be column values based on DETAIL_ID column.
I tried to write queries for this , but can't succeed due to following.
Number of DetailID values will NOT be fixed-length.It means I can't hard-coded the name of the columns.
This will give the exact output you described and you can add more columns if needed
DECLARE #a table (id char, cola varchar(10))
DECLARE #b table (id char, detail_id int, colx char(3), coly char(3))
INSERT #a values('A', 'value1'),('B', 'value2'),('C','value3')
INSERT #b values('A', 0, 'foo', 'foo'),('A', 1, 'bar', 'bar'),
('B',0, 'foo','foo')--,('A', 2, 'bar', 'bar') -- add this for extra columns
CREATE TABLE ##t(id char, detail_id tinyint, colvalue char(3), col varchar(8), cola varchar(10))
DECLARE #columns varchar(max)=''
DECLARE #sqlstring varchar(1000)
;WITH a as (
SELECT a.id, a.cola, b.detail_id, colx, coly,
'col_x_' + cast(detail_id as varchar) col_a,
'col_y_' + cast(detail_id as varchar) col_b
FROM #a a LEFT JOIN #b b on a.id = b.id
)
INSERT ##t
SELECT id, detail_id, colx, col_a, cola FROM a
UNION
SELECT id, detail_id, coly, col_b, cola FROM a
ORDER BY 4,2
SELECT #columns = coalesce(#columns, '') +',[' + col + ']'
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT col, detail_id FROM ##t where not col is null
) a
SET #columns = stuff(#columns, 1,1,'')
SET #sqlstring =
'SELECT * FROM (
SELECT id, cola, col, colvalue FROM ##t
) b
PIVOT(max(colvalue) FOR col
in(
'+#columns+'))AS p order by 1'
EXEC(#sqlstring)
DROP TABLE ##t
SQL queries must specify the columns of the result set. That's fundamental to SQL. Even PIVOT requires that your query specify the columns before you send it to the RDBMS.
For that reason, it's difficult and error-prone to create a query that returns rows as columns as you describe, and can adapt as needed to any number of columns.
Handling dynamic columns must be a two-stage procedure.
One option is to make the two stages be:
Write application code to build the SQL query dynamically, based on the distinct values found in the data. This requires an extra query to discover what values exist so you can build the query.
Execute the SQL query and retrieve the results.
The other option is to make the two stages be:
Run a more plain SQL query, that fetches rows as rows, as they are stored in the database.
Write application code to post-process the results, collecting individual values from rows into an expanding set of columns based on the values found. This does not require an extra query as the first design does.
Just join table A and B on B.DETAIL_ID == A.ID ?? Or is that too simple?
I am trying to select some fields from one table and insert them into an existing table from a stored procedure. Here is what I am trying:
SELECT col1, col2
INTO dbo.TableTwo
FROM dbo.TableOne
WHERE col3 LIKE #search_key
I think SELECT ... INTO ... is for temporary tables which is why I get an error that dbo.TableTwo already exists.
How can I insert multiple rows from dbo.TableOne into dbo.TableTwo?
SELECT ... INTO ... only works if the table specified in the INTO clause does not exist - otherwise, you have to use:
INSERT INTO dbo.TABLETWO
SELECT col1, col2
FROM dbo.TABLEONE
WHERE col3 LIKE #search_key
This assumes there's only two columns in dbo.TABLETWO - you need to specify the columns otherwise:
INSERT INTO dbo.TABLETWO
(col1, col2)
SELECT col1, col2
FROM dbo.TABLEONE
WHERE col3 LIKE #search_key
There are two different ways to implement inserting data from one table to another table.
For Existing Table - INSERT INTO SELECT
This method is used when the table is already created in the database earlier and the data is to be inserted into this table from another table. If columns listed in insert clause and select clause are same, they are not required to list them. It is good practice to always list them for readability and scalability purpose.
----Create testable
CREATE TABLE TestTable (FirstName VARCHAR(100), LastName VARCHAR(100))
----INSERT INTO TestTable using SELECT
INSERT INTO TestTable (FirstName, LastName)
SELECT FirstName, LastName
FROM Person.Contact
WHERE EmailPromotion = 2
----Verify that Data in TestTable
SELECT FirstName, LastName
FROM TestTable
----Clean Up Database
DROP TABLE TestTable
For Non-Existing Table - SELECT INTO
This method is used when the table is not created earlier and needs to be created when data from one table is to be inserted into the newly created table from another table. The new table is created with the same data types as selected columns.
----Create a new table and insert into table using SELECT INSERT
SELECT FirstName, LastName
INTO TestTable
FROM Person.Contact
WHERE EmailPromotion = 2
----Verify that Data in TestTable
SELECT FirstName, LastName
FROM TestTable
----Clean Up Database
DROP TABLE TestTable
Ref 1 2
It would work as given below :
insert into Gengl_Del Select Tdate,DocNo,Book,GlCode,OpGlcode,Amt,Narration
from Gengl where BOOK='" & lblBook.Caption & "' AND DocNO=" & txtVno.Text & ""
If the destination table does exist but you don't want to specify column names:
DECLARE #COLUMN_LIST NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE #SQL_INSERT NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET #COLUMN_LIST = (SELECT DISTINCT
SUBSTRING(
(
SELECT ', table1.' + SYSCOL1.name AS [text()]
FROM sys.columns SYSCOL1
WHERE SYSCOL1.object_id = SYSCOL2.object_id and SYSCOL1.is_identity <> 1
ORDER BY SYSCOL1.object_id
FOR XML PATH ('')
), 2, 1000)
FROM
sys.columns SYSCOL2
WHERE
SYSCOL2.object_id = object_id('dbo.TableOne') )
SET #SQL_INSERT = 'INSERT INTO dbo.TableTwo SELECT ' + #COLUMN_LIST + ' FROM dbo.TableOne table1 WHERE col3 LIKE ' + #search_key
EXEC sp_executesql #SQL_INSERT
select *
into existing table database..existingtable
from database..othertables....
If you have used select * into tablename from other tablenames already, next time, to append, you say select * into existing table tablename from other tablenames
IF you want a identity column in new table created with select into then it can be done as below.
SELECT
ID = IDENTITY(INT, 1, 1),
name
INTO table2
FROM table1
If you want to insert into Table_A, from Table_B, only if the column is not in Table_A, then use the following:
BEGIN TRANSACTION
INSERT INTO dbo.Table_A (Column_1)
SELECT DISTINCT Some_Column AS Column_1
FROM dbo.Table_B
WHERE Some_Column
NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT GroupId
FROM dbo.Table_A)
COMMIT