Adafruit MQTT Library Error Connection failed - ssl

Adafruit_MQTT library is awesome but i have got a problem with it.
I use it in Arduino with NodeMCU (ESP8266).
Everything is okey with example code. (TLS connection - WiFiClientSecure).
With my way
Everything is also ok when i put topic direct value: "sometopic/abc/adbc" to input param. (Hardcoded)
//Connect successfuly when i use:
GLB_MQTTClient = temMQTT;
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish *temPub = new Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(GLB_MQTTClient, "pubTopic", MQTT_QOS_1);
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe *temSub = new Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(GLB_MQTTClient, "sometopic/abc/adbc", MQTT_QOS_1);
But My program has to check some configs to get MQTT topics from EEPROM so it can't assign TOPIC when initialize variable at head of file.
So i created new pointer to initialize value for MQTT variables.
Then the library can't connect to server.
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiUdp.h>
#include <Ticker.h>
#include <common.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include "Adafruit_MQTT.h"
#include "Adafruit_MQTT_Client.h"
//Do something for wifi connection...
WiFiClientSecure GLB_secureClient;
//Init with default value, cuz the library does not have default constructor
Adafruit_MQTT_Client *GLB_MQTTClient = new Adafruit_MQTT_Client(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish *GLB_MQTT_Publish = new Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(NULL, NULL, MQTT_QOS_1);
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe *GLB_MQTT_Subcribe = new Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(NULL,NULL,MQTT_QOS_1);
void initNormalConnection()
{
printf("\n\nAddress of GLB_secureClient: %p\n", &GLB_secureClient);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTTClient: %p\n", GLB_MQTTClient);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTT_Publish: %p\n", GLB_MQTT_Publish);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTT_Subcribe: %p\n", GLB_MQTT_Subcribe);
GLB_secureClient = WiFiClientSecure();
GLB_secureClient.setFingerprint(FINGER_PRINT);
Adafruit_MQTT_Client *temMQTT = new Adafruit_MQTT_Client(&GLB_secureClient, BROKER_HOST, BROKER_PORT);
GLB_MQTTClient = temMQTT;
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish *temPub = new Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(GLB_MQTTClient, pubTopic, MQTT_QOS_1);
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe *temSub = new Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(GLB_MQTTClient, subTopic, MQTT_QOS_1);
GLB_MQTT_Publish = temPub;
GLB_MQTT_Subcribe = temSub;
GLB_MQTT_Subcribe->setCallback(MQTTCtrCallback);
GLB_MQTTClient->subscribe(GLB_MQTT_Subcribe);
printf("\n\nAddress of GLB_secureClient: %p\n", &GLB_secureClient);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTTClient: %p\n", GLB_MQTTClient);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTT_Publish: %p\n", GLB_MQTT_Publish);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTT_Subcribe: %p\n", GLB_MQTT_Subcribe);
PRINTLN("\ninitNormalConnection");
}
void MQTTConnect()
{
int8_t ret;
// Stop if already connected.
PRINTLN("MQTTConnect");
if (GLB_MQTTClient->connected())
{
PRINTLN("connected");
return;
}
PRINTLN("not connected");
if (stateSmartConfig || WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)
{
return;
}
PRINTLN("Connecting to MQTT... ");
uint8_t retries = 3;
ret = GLB_MQTTClient->connect();
PRINT("Connect MQTT result: ");
PRINTLN(ret);
while (ret != 0)
{ // connect will return 0 for connected
ERR_PRINTLN(GLB_MQTTClient->connectErrorString(ret));
DEBUG_PRINTLN("Retrying MQTT connection in 10 seconds...");
GLB_MQTTClient->disconnect();
delay(10000);
retries--;
if (retries == 0)
{
// basically die and wait for WDT to reset me
return;
}
}
Serial.println("MQTT Connected!");
}
void setup(){
//Do something and check config
initNormalConnection();
}
void loop()
{
//do somethings
MQTTConnect();
GLB_MQTTClient->processPackets(10000);
if (!GLB_MQTTClient->ping())
{
GLB_MQTTClient->disconnect();
}
}
ret = GLB_MQTTClient->connect() always falied with ret = -1 (Connection failed)
Address output:
Address of GLB_secureClient: 0x3ffef170
Address of GLB_MQTTClient: 0x3fff167c
Address of GLB_MQTT_Publish: 0x3fff17e4
Address of GLB_MQTT_Subcribe:0x3fff17f4
Address of GLB_secureClient: 0x3ffef170
Address of GLB_MQTTClient: 0x3fff27ac
Address of GLB_MQTT_Publish: 0x3fff220c
Address of GLB_MQTT_Subcribe: 0x3fff2914
What could be the problem

You are missunderstanding how to use heap. You instantiate GLB_MQTTClient, GLB_MQTT_Publish, GLB_MQTT_Subcribe twice on a heap, and then you have small memory leak, you lost pointers to classes instatiated in declarative section.
Declare only a pointers and then instantiate an object in a initNormalConnection().
code excerpt:
WiFiClientSecure GLB_secureClient;
//Init with default value, cuz the library does not have default constructor
Adafruit_MQTT_Client *GLB_MQTTClient;
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish *GLB_MQTT_Publish;
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe *GLB_MQTT_Subcribe;
void initNormalConnection()
{
printf("\n\nAddress of GLB_secureClient: %p\n", &GLB_secureClient);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTTClient: %p\n", GLB_MQTTClient);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTT_Publish: %p\n", GLB_MQTT_Publish);
printf("Address of GLB_MQTT_Subcribe: %p\n", GLB_MQTT_Subcribe);
GLB_secureClient = WiFiClientSecure();
GLB_secureClient.setFingerprint(FINGER_PRINT);
GLB_MQTTClient = new Adafruit_MQTT_Client(&GLB_secureClient, BROKER_HOST, BROKER_PORT);
GLB_MQTT_Publish = new Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(GLB_MQTTClient, pubTopic, MQTT_QOS_1);
GLB_MQTT_Subcribe = new Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(GLB_MQTTClient, subTopic, MQTT_QOS_1);
...`

Related

when i want to simulate a adhoc scene,which use 802.11a wifiphy ,i usually get an error

assert failed. cond="m_wifiPhy->m_currentEvent == 0", +23.801712798s 11 file=../src/wifi/model/phy-entity.cc, line=467
terminate called without an active exception
here is my code.I am a freshman in ns3,but i need get my simulation run correctly Eagerly.These days i am really exhausted to find the problem,and sttle it.So I really need someone to help me.
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include "ns3/core-module.h"
#include "ns3/network-module.h"
#include "ns3/internet-module.h"
#include "ns3/mobility-module.h"
#include "ns3/aodv-module.h"
#include "ns3/olsr-module.h"
#include "ns3/dsdv-module.h"
#include "ns3/dsr-module.h"
#include "ns3/applications-module.h"
#include "ns3/yans-wifi-helper.h"
#include "ns3/flow-monitor-module.h"
#include "ns3/animation-interface.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("constant-position-experiment");
void ReceivePacket (Ptr<Socket> socket)
{
NS_LOG_INFO ("Received one packet!");
Ptr<Packet> packet = socket->Recv ();
SocketIpTosTag tosTag;
NS_LOG_UNCOND (" received a packet!");
if (packet->RemovePacketTag (tosTag))
{
//NS_LOG_UNCOND (" TOS = " << (uint32_t)tosTag.GetTos ());
}
SocketIpTtlTag ttlTag;
if (packet->RemovePacketTag (ttlTag))
{
//NS_LOG_UNCOND (" TTL = " << (uint32_t)ttlTag.GetTtl ());
}
}
static void SendPacket (Ptr<Socket> socket, uint32_t pktSize,
uint128_t pktCount, Time pktInterval ,uint128_t counta)
{
if (pktCount > 0)
{
counta+=1;
socket->Send (Create<Packet> (pktSize));
Simulator::Schedule (pktInterval, &SendPacket,
socket, pktSize,pktCount - 1, pktInterval,counta);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (" send a packet!"<<(uint32_t)counta<<Simulator::Now());
}
else
{
socket->Close ();
}
}
int main(int argc,char*argv[])
{
int n=30;
double totaltime=4000000;
double settime=60;
double distance=35000;
string phyMode ("OfdmRate2_25MbpsBW5MHz");
string dataRate ("300kb/s");
uint64_t packetSize=512;
uint128_t packetCount =6530;
double packetInterval=0.05;
uint128_t counta(0);
uint32_t ipTos = 0;
bool ipRecvTos = true;
uint32_t ipTtl = 0;
bool ipRecvTtl = true;
//OfdmRate1_5MbpsBW5MHz
// OfdmRate2_25MbpsBW5MHz
// OfdmRate3MbpsBW5MHz
// OfdmRate4_5MbpsBW5MHz
// OfdmRate6MbpsBW5MHz
// OfdmRate9MbpsBW5MHz
// OfdmRate12MbpsBW5MHz
// OfdmRate13_5MbpsBW5MHz
// OfdmRate3MbpsBW10MHz
// OfdmRate4_5MbpsBW10MHz
// OfdmRate6MbpsBW10MHz
// OfdmRate9MbpsBW10MHz
// OfdmRate12MbpsBW10MHz
// OfdmRate18MbpsBW10MHz
// OfdmRate24MbpsBW10MHz
// OfdmRate27MbpsBW10MHz
// OfdmRate6Mbps
// OfdmRate9Mbps
// OfdmRate12Mbps
// OfdmRate18Mbps
// OfdmRate24Mbps
// OfdmRate36Mbps
// OfdmRate48Mbps
// OfdmRate54Mbps
CommandLine cmd (__FILE__);
cmd.AddValue ("distance", "the distance bettween nodes", distance);
cmd.AddValue ("settime", "olsr settime", settime);
cmd.AddValue ("phyMode", "olsr settime", phyMode);
cmd.AddValue ("dataRate", "olsr settime", dataRate);
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
// LogComponentEnable("OnOffApplication",LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
NodeContainer c;
c.Create(n);
NodeContainer n0n23=NodeContainer(c.Get(0),c.Get(23));
NS_LOG_UNCOND ("distance:"<<distance<<"phymode: "<<phyMode<<"dataRate: "+dataRate);
//wifpyh wifchannel
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard (WIFI_STANDARD_80211a);
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy;
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel;
wifiPhy.Set("TxGain",DoubleValue(4.5));
wifiPhy.Set("RxGain",DoubleValue(4.5));
//
wifiPhy.Set("RxSensitivity",DoubleValue(-90));
wifiPhy.Set("Antennas",UintegerValue(2));
wifiPhy.Set ("TxPowerStart",DoubleValue (37));
wifiPhy.Set ("TxPowerEnd", DoubleValue (37));
wifiPhy.Set ("RxNoiseFigure",DoubleValue (0));
wifiChannel.SetPropagationDelay ("ns3::ConstantSpeedPropagationDelayModel");
wifiChannel.AddPropagationLoss ("ns3::FriisPropagationLossModel","Frequency",DoubleValue(1.2e+09));
wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());
wifiMac.SetType ("ns3::AdhocWifiMac");
wifi.SetRemoteStationManager ("ns3::ConstantRateWifiManager",
"DataMode",StringValue (phyMode),
"ControlMode",StringValue (phyMode));
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, c);
//mobility
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator ("ns3::GridPositionAllocator",
"MinX", DoubleValue (0.0),
"MinY", DoubleValue (0.0),
"DeltaX", DoubleValue (distance),
"DeltaY", DoubleValue (distance),
"GridWidth", UintegerValue (5),
"LayoutType", StringValue ("RowFirst"));
mobility.SetMobilityModel ("ns3::RandomDirection2dMobilityModel",
"Bounds", RectangleValue (Rectangle (-200000, 200000, -200000, 200000)),
"Speed", StringValue ("ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=39]"),
"Pause", StringValue ("ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=2]"));
mobility.Install (c);
//internet
OlsrHelper olsr;
Ipv4ListRoutingHelper list;
list.Add (olsr, 10);
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.SetRoutingHelper (list); // has effect on the next Install ()
internet.Install (c);
Ipv4AddressHelper addressAdhoc;
addressAdhoc.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces;
interfaces = addressAdhoc.Assign (devices);
//application
NS_LOG_INFO ("Create sockets.");
//Receiver socket on n1
TypeId tid = TypeId::LookupByName ("ns3::UdpSocketFactory");
Ptr<Socket> recvSink = Socket::CreateSocket (c.Get (1), tid);
InetSocketAddress local = InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), 4477);
recvSink->SetIpRecvTos (ipRecvTos);
recvSink->SetIpRecvTtl (ipRecvTtl);
recvSink->Bind (local);
recvSink->SetRecvCallback (MakeCallback (&ReceivePacket));
//Sender socket on n0
Ptr<Socket> source = Socket::CreateSocket (c.Get (27), tid);
InetSocketAddress remote = InetSocketAddress (interfaces.GetAddress (1), 4477);
//Set socket options, it is also possible to set the options after the socket has been created/connected.
if (ipTos > 0)
{
source->SetIpTos (ipTos);
}
if (ipTtl > 0)
{
source->SetIpTtl (ipTtl);
}
source->Connect (remote);
//flowmonitor
string s1=phyMode.substr(8,3);
string s2=phyMode.substr(phyMode.length()-4,4);
string s3=dataRate.substr(0,dataRate.length()-2);
string filename=to_string(int(distance/1000))+"_"+s1+"_"+s2+"_"+s3;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> flowmon;
FlowMonitorHelper flowmonHelper;
flowmon = flowmonHelper.InstallAll ();
Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> routingStream=Create<OutputStreamWrapper>(filename+"routes.tr",std::ios::out);
olsr.PrintRoutingTableAt(Seconds(40.0),c.Get(2),routingStream);
AnimationInterface anim ((filename+".xml"));
anim.SetMaxPktsPerTraceFile(99999999999999);
Time interPacketInterval = Seconds (packetInterval);
Simulator::ScheduleWithContext (source->GetNode ()->GetId (),
Seconds (1.0), &SendPacket,
source, packetSize, packetCount, interPacketInterval,counta);
Simulator::ScheduleWithContext (source->GetNode ()->GetId (),
Seconds (70.0), &SendPacket,
source, packetSize, packetCount, interPacketInterval,counta);
Simulator::ScheduleWithContext (source->GetNode ()->GetId (),
Seconds (30.0), &SendPacket,
source, packetSize, packetCount, interPacketInterval,counta);
Simulator::Stop (Seconds (totaltime));
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
flowmon->SerializeToXmlFile (filename+".flowmon", false, false);
// numPackets=0;
return 0;
}
why this problem occur ?
How to settle it?

UDP directed broadcast (WinSock2) failure

Let me start by saying this is my first foray into the world of C after 20+ years of assembly programming for PLCs and MicroControllers.
I'm trying to send a UDP datagram to the network broadcast address, in this particular case, 192.168.1.255.
The error I'm getting is a bind failure with error code 10049 (from WSAGetLastError()). As you can see from the attached code, I've created the socket, populated sockaddr_in, and setsockopt() to SO_BROADCAST.
For the life of me I can't figure out what I'm doing wrong and any pointers would be gratefully received.
iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaTxData);
if (iResult != NO_ERROR)
{
WSAErrorString("WSAStartup for TX failed");
return(-1);
}
XPLMDebugString("UDP Server: WSAStartup TX complete.\n");
if ((BeaconSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == INVALID_SOCKET) {
WSAErrorString("UDP Server: Could not create BECN socket");
return(-1);
}
// setup the sockaddr_in structure
//
si_beacon.sin_family = AF_INET;
si_beacon.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.255");
si_beacon.sin_port = htons(_UDP_TX_PORT);
// setup to broadcast
//
char so_broadcast_enabled = '1';
if (setsockopt(BeaconSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &so_broadcast_enabled, sizeof(so_broadcast_enabled)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
WSAErrorString("Error in setting Broadcast option");
closesocket(BeaconSocket);
return(-1);
}
// bind our socket
//
if (bind(BeaconSocket, (struct sockaddr *)&si_beacon, sizeof(si_beacon)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
char buf[256];
WSAErrorString("Bind to socket for UDP beacon failed");
sprintf(buf, "Port %u, address %s\n", ntohs(si_beacon.sin_port), inet_ntoa(si_beacon.sin_addr));
XPLMDebugString(buf);
return(-1);
}
// start the UDP beacon
//
udp_becn_thread_id = CreateThread(NULL, 0, BeaconThread, NULL, 0, NULL);
if (!udp_becn_thread_id) {
WSAErrorString("UDP Server: Error starting UDP Beacon");
return (-1);
}
XPLMDebugString("UDP Server: bind complete. beacon ACTIVE.\n");
return(0);
The issue is the IP address itself.
I copied the code to my computer (changed it a bit to get it to compile) and I got the error:
UDP Server: WSAStartup TX complete.
Bind to socket for UDP beacon failed
Port 47977, address 192.168.1.255
I then changed the line:
si_beacon.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.255");
To
si_beacon.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.0.127");
And when I ran it again, everything worked:
UDP Server: WSAStartup TX complete.
Done successfully
The issue is that the "bind" address needs to be your computers address on the local network. Not the remote client.
Another alternative is to use the address:
si_beacon.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("0.0.0.0");
which binds to all network interfaces on the computer at once.
For reference, here's the version of the code that I used:
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <WS2tcpip.h> // For inet_pton
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
int main()
{
{
WSADATA wsaTxData;
memset(&wsaTxData, 0, sizeof(WSADATA));
const int iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaTxData);
if (iResult != NO_ERROR)
{
printf("%s", "WSAStartup for TX failed.\n");
return -1;
}
printf("%s", "UDP Server: WSAStartup TX complete.\n");
}
SOCKET BeaconSocket;
memset(&BeaconSocket, 0, sizeof(SOCKET));
if ((BeaconSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == INVALID_SOCKET) {
printf("%s", "UDP Server: Could not create BECN socket\n");
return -1;
}
// setup the sockaddr_in structure
//
sockaddr_in si_beacon;
memset(&si_beacon, 0, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
si_beacon.sin_family = AF_INET;
si_beacon.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("0.0.0.0");
const unsigned short port_num = 0xbb69;
si_beacon.sin_port = htons(port_num);
// setup to broadcast
//
char so_broadcast_enabled = '1';
if (setsockopt(BeaconSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &so_broadcast_enabled, sizeof(so_broadcast_enabled)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
printf("%s", "Error in setting Broadcast option\n");
closesocket(BeaconSocket);
return(-1);
}
// bind our socket
//
if (bind(BeaconSocket, (struct sockaddr*)&si_beacon, sizeof(si_beacon)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
char buf[256];
printf("%s", "Bind to socket for UDP beacon failed\n");
sprintf_s(buf, "Port %u, address %s\n", ntohs(si_beacon.sin_port), inet_ntoa(si_beacon.sin_addr));
printf("%s", buf);
return(-1);
}
printf("%s", "Done successfully");
return 0;
}

After each sending data packet, I add Thread.sleep(1), why does the packet loss rate of udp drop?

Udp server
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 10086
int main() {
int server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (server_fd < 0) {
perror("create socket");
_exit(2);
}
int ret;
struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
s_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
ret = bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
if (ret < 0) {
perror("bind error");
_exit(2);
}
for (;;) {
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
socklen_t c_addr_len;
char buf[100];
int ret = recvfrom(server_fd, buf, 100, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &c_addr_len);
if (ret < 0) {
perror("accept error");
_exit(2);
} else {
char temp[100];
char *host2 = inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr);
printf("A client connect: %d, %s, %d with msg: %s.\n", c_addr.sin_port, host2, c_addr.sin_family, buf);
}
}
}
Server listen on 10086, recvfrom a udp data packet, print client IP, port and data.
And here is client code:
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String server = "192.168.1.5";
DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();
byte[] data = "Hello".getBytes();
DatagramPacket p = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
p.setAddress(InetAddress.getByName(server));
p.setPort(10086);
ds.send(p);
data = "world".getBytes();
p = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
p.setAddress(InetAddress.getByName(server));
p.setPort(10086);
ds.send(p);
}
After run client, I get server output(tested several times, same output)
A client connect: 38394, 192.168.1.2, 2 with msg: Hello.
After I add Thread.sleep(1); after send "Hello" to server.
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();
byte[] data = "Hello".getBytes();
DatagramPacket p = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
String server = "192.168.1.5";
p.setAddress(InetAddress.getByName(server));
p.setPort(10086);
ds.send(p);
Thread.sleep(1);
data = "world".getBytes();
p = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
p.setAddress(InetAddress.getByName(server));
p.setPort(10086);
ds.send(p);
}
After run client, I get server output(tested several times, same output)
A client connect: 38394, 192.168.1.2, 2 with msg: Hello.
A client connect: 38394, 192.168.1.2, 2 with msg: world.
I checked it with Wireshark and it's OK.
I also checked socket read buffer and it's OK.
So why is there packet loss here? There should be no buffer overflow, and the network environment is not that bad. Is there any other reason for UDP packet loss?
Thanks in advance.

ESP8266 Sniffing and sending Mac address

I'm trying to make my ESP8266 sniffing nearby devices, then posting them by with a HTTP request. With purpose is to record when my roommate and I are at home. Then in the future, trigger certain tasks like turning on/off the lights if we're home or not. I don't care at all about the packets content just the mac addresses.
So fare I've found this, script that prints out the mac adresses for nearby devices, created by kalanda: esp8266-sniffer.
Aswell as this HTTP posting script ESP8266 http get requests.
I've tried to combine those two and in the callback function make the ESP send the found data, but doesn't look like the ESP establish the wifi connection.
I tried using different WIFI modes: STATION_MODE, SOFTAP_MODE, STATIONAP_MODE. None of them worked for both sniffing and http request at the same time. I know that the STATIONAP_MODE do have some flaws. What I've found is that it has to switch both somehow, but unfortunately I'm not a ESP expert and don't know how this can be done.
Here is my code(srry for any rubbish coding on my side):
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h> // added this
#include <ESP8266HTTPClient.h> // added this
const char* ssid = "**********"; // Wifi SSID
const char* password = "**********"; // Wifi Password
String main_url = "http://*********.php?"; // Website url to post the information
String temp_url = ""; // Url with information
extern "C" {
#include <user_interface.h>
}
#define DATA_LENGTH 112
#define TYPE_MANAGEMENT 0x00
#define TYPE_CONTROL 0x01
#define TYPE_DATA 0x02
#define SUBTYPE_PROBE_REQUEST 0x04
struct RxControl {
signed rssi:8; // signal intensity of packet
unsigned rate:4;
unsigned is_group:1;
unsigned:1;
unsigned sig_mode:2; // 0:is 11n packet; 1:is not 11n packet;
unsigned legacy_length:12; // if not 11n packet, shows length of packet.
unsigned damatch0:1;
unsigned damatch1:1;
unsigned bssidmatch0:1;
unsigned bssidmatch1:1;
unsigned MCS:7; // if is 11n packet, shows the modulation and code used (range from 0 to 76)
unsigned CWB:1; // if is 11n packet, shows if is HT40 packet or not
unsigned HT_length:16;// if is 11n packet, shows length of packet.
unsigned Smoothing:1;
unsigned Not_Sounding:1;
unsigned:1;
unsigned Aggregation:1;
unsigned STBC:2;
unsigned FEC_CODING:1; // if is 11n packet, shows if is LDPC packet or not.
unsigned SGI:1;
unsigned rxend_state:8;
unsigned ampdu_cnt:8;
unsigned channel:4; //which channel this packet in.
unsigned:12;
};
struct SnifferPacket{
struct RxControl rx_ctrl;
uint8_t data[DATA_LENGTH];
uint16_t cnt;
uint16_t len;
};
static void showMetadata(SnifferPacket *snifferPacket) {
unsigned int frameControl = ((unsigned int)snifferPacket->data[1] << 8) + snifferPacket->data[0];
uint8_t version = (frameControl & 0b0000000000000011) >> 0;
uint8_t frameType = (frameControl & 0b0000000000001100) >> 2;
uint8_t frameSubType = (frameControl & 0b0000000011110000) >> 4;
uint8_t toDS = (frameControl & 0b0000000100000000) >> 8;
uint8_t fromDS = (frameControl & 0b0000001000000000) >> 9;
// Only look for probe request packets
if (frameType != TYPE_MANAGEMENT ||
frameSubType != SUBTYPE_PROBE_REQUEST)
return;
Serial.print("RSSI: ");
Serial.print(snifferPacket->rx_ctrl.rssi, DEC);
Serial.print(" Ch: ");
Serial.print(wifi_get_channel());
char addr[] = "00:00:00:00:00:00";
getMAC(addr, snifferPacket->data, 10);
Serial.print(" Peer MAC: ");
Serial.print(addr);
uint8_t SSID_length = snifferPacket->data[25];
Serial.print(" SSID: ");
printDataSpan(26, SSID_length, snifferPacket->data);
Serial.println();
if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) //Check WiFi connection status
{
HTTPClient http; //Declare an object of class HTTPClient
temp_url = main_url;
temp_url = temp_url + "mac=30:a8:db:96:a4:75";
temp_url = temp_url + "&rssi=-90";
temp_url = temp_url + "&ssid=none";
http.begin(temp_url); //Specify request destination
int httpCode = http.GET(); //Send the request
temp_url = "";
if (httpCode > 0)
{ //Check the returning code
String payload = http.getString(); //Get the request response payload
Serial.println(payload); //Print the response payload
}
http.end(); //Close connection
}
else
{
Serial.println("Wifi connection failed"); //Prints out this
}
}
/**
* Callback for promiscuous mode
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR sniffer_callback(uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t length) {
struct SnifferPacket *snifferPacket = (struct SnifferPacket*) buffer;
showMetadata(snifferPacket);
}
static void printDataSpan(uint16_t start, uint16_t size, uint8_t* data) {
for(uint16_t i = start; i < DATA_LENGTH && i < start+size; i++) {
Serial.write(data[i]);
}
}
static void getMAC(char *addr, uint8_t* data, uint16_t offset) {
sprintf(addr, "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x", data[offset+0], data[offset+1], data[offset+2], data[offset+3], data[offset+4], data[offset+5]);
}
#define CHANNEL_HOP_INTERVAL_MS 1000
static os_timer_t channelHop_timer;
/**
* Callback for channel hoping
*/
void channelHop()
{
// hoping channels 1-14
uint8 new_channel = wifi_get_channel() + 1;
if (new_channel > 14)
new_channel = 1;
wifi_set_channel(new_channel);
}
#define DISABLE 0
#define ENABLE 1
void setup() {
// set the WiFi chip to "promiscuous" mode aka monitor mode
Serial.begin(115200);
delay(10);
wifi_set_opmode(STATION_MODE);
wifi_set_channel(1);
wifi_promiscuous_enable(DISABLE);
delay(10);
wifi_set_promiscuous_rx_cb(sniffer_callback);
delay(10);
wifi_promiscuous_enable(ENABLE);
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(1000);
Serial.print("Connecting..");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("Connected..");
// setup the channel hoping callback timer
os_timer_disarm(&channelHop_timer);
os_timer_setfn(&channelHop_timer, (os_timer_func_t *) channelHop, NULL);
os_timer_arm(&channelHop_timer, CHANNEL_HOP_INTERVAL_MS, 1);
}
void loop() {
delay(10);
}
Here's the code which aggregates probe requests (MAC addresses and RSSIs) for 3 seconds and then sends them to specified server's endpoint using json (WIFI_AP_STA mode):
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <ESP8266HTTPClient.h>
#include <vector>
const char* apSsid = "ap-ssid";
const char* apPassword = "ap-password";
const char* clientSsid = "client-ssid";
const char* clientPassword = "client-password";
HTTPClient http;
WiFiEventHandler probeRequestPrintHandler;
String macToString(const unsigned char* mac) {
char buf[20];
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3], mac[4], mac[5]);
return String(buf);
}
std::vector<WiFiEventSoftAPModeProbeRequestReceived> myList;
void onProbeRequestPrint(const WiFiEventSoftAPModeProbeRequestReceived& evt) {
myList.push_back(evt);
}
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("Hello!");
// Don't save WiFi configuration in flash - optional
WiFi.persistent(false);
WiFi.mode(WIFI_AP_STA);
WiFi.softAP(apSsid, apPassword);
WiFi.begin(clientSsid, clientPassword);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
Serial.print(".");
delay(100);
}
Serial.println("");
probeRequestPrintHandler = WiFi.onSoftAPModeProbeRequestReceived(&onProbeRequestPrint);
}
void loop() {
delay(3000);
String json = "";
DynamicJsonBuffer jsonBuffer;
JsonObject& root = jsonBuffer.createObject();
JsonArray& probes = root.createNestedArray("probes");
for(WiFiEventSoftAPModeProbeRequestReceived w : myList){
JsonObject& probe = probes.createNestedObject();
probe["address"] = macToString(w.mac);
probe["rssi"] = w.rssi;
}
myList.clear();
root.printTo(json);
Serial.println("json:" + json);
http.begin("http://example.com/api/v1/probe");
http.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
http.POST(json);
http.end();
}
Remember to use the latest version (actually a pre-release - 2.4.0-rc1 or newer) of arduino-esp8266 library since those WiFiEvents were just recently added.
You can download ArduinoJson library using Library Manager (Sketch -> Include Library -> Manage Libraries...) if you don't have that already.

Calling methods and receiving signals using low-level APIs

I am trying to call the method ReadLocalBdAddrReq and receive its signal ReadLocalBdAddrCfm on dbus using the dbus low level APIs.
I have written the following code with the help of some forum posts and a dbus tutorial.
The thing is, I am not able to receive the signals back. The code is incomplete at some places as I didn't know what should be done.
So please help me so that I can receive the signals for the methods called.
Here the code I have written. Please correct any mistakes I've made.
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dbus/dbus.h>
#define OBJ_PATH "/bt/cm"
static dbus_bool_t add_watch(DBusWatch *watch, void *data)
{
if (!dbus_watch_get_enabled(watch))
return TRUE;
int fd = dbus_watch_get_unix_fd(watch);
unsigned int flags = dbus_watch_get_flags(watch);
int f = 0;;
if (flags & DBUS_WATCH_READABLE) {
f |= DBUS_WATCH_READABLE;
printf("Readable\n");
}
if (flags & DBUS_WATCH_WRITABLE) {
printf("Writeable\n");
f |= DBUS_WATCH_WRITABLE;
}
/* this should not be here */
if (dbus_watch_handle(watch, f) == FALSE)
printf("dbus_watch_handle() failed\n");
return TRUE;
}
static void remove_watch(DBusWatch *watch, void *data)
{
printf("In remove watch with fd = [%d]\n",dbus_watch_get_unix_fd(watch));
}
static void toggel_watch(DBusWatch *watch, void *data)
{
printf("In toggel watch\n");
/*
if (dbus_watch_get_enabled(watch))
add_watch(watch, data);
else
remove_watch(watch, data);
*/
}
/* timeout functions */
static dbus_bool_t add_time(DBusTimeout *timeout, void *data)
{
/* Incomplete */
printf("In add_time\n");
if (!dbus_timeout_get_enabled(timeout))
return TRUE;
//dbus_timeout_handle(timeout);
return 0;
}
static void remove_time(DBusTimeout *timeout, void *data)
{
/* Incomplete */
printf("In remove_time\n");
}
static void toggel_time(DBusTimeout *timeout, void *data)
{
/* Incomplete */
printf("In toggel_time\n");
/*
if (dbus_timeout_get_enabled(timeout))
add_timeout(timeout, data);
else
remove_timeout(timeout, data);
*/
}
/* message filter -- handlers to run on all incoming messages*/
static DBusHandlerResult filter (DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *user_data)
{
printf("In filter\n");
char *deviceaddr;
if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "com.bluegiga.v2.bt.cm", "ReadLocalBdAddrCfm")) {
printf("Signal received is ReadLocalBdAddrCfm\n");
if ((dbus_message_get_args(message,NULL,DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &deviceaddr,DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) == FALSE))
{
printf("Could not get the arguments from the message received\n");
return -2;
}
printf("Got Signal and device address is [%s]\n", deviceaddr);
}
return 0;
}
/* dispatch function-- simply save an indication that messages should be dispatched later, when the main loop is re-entered*/
static void dispatch_status(DBusConnection *connection, DBusDispatchStatus new_status, void *data)
{
printf("In dispatch_status\n");
if (new_status == DBUS_DISPATCH_DATA_REMAINS)
{
printf("new dbus dispatch status: DBUS_DISPATCH_DATA_REMAINS [%d]",new_status);
}
}
/* unregister function */
void unregister_func(DBusConnection *connection, void *user_data)
{
}
/* message function - Called when a message is sent to a registered object path. */
static DBusHandlerResult message_func(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data)
{
printf("Message [%s] is sent to [%s] from interface [%s] on path [%s] \n",dbus_message_get_member(message),dbus_message_get_destination(message),
dbus_message_get_interface(message),dbus_message_get_path(message)); return 0;
}
DBusObjectPathVTable table = {
.unregister_function = unregister_func,
.message_function = message_func,
};
int main(void) {
DBusMessage* msg;
DBusMessageIter args;
DBusConnection* conn;
DBusError err;
DBusPendingCall* pending;
int ret;
//unsigned int level;
char* appHandle = NULL;
//int *context;
int msg_serial;
int open;
char *deviceaddr;
dbus_error_init(&err);
// connect to the system bus and check for errors
conn = dbus_bus_get(DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Connection Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (NULL == conn) {
exit(1);
}
if (!dbus_connection_set_watch_functions(conn, add_watch, remove_watch, toggel_watch, NULL, NULL))
{
printf("Error in dbus_set_watch_functions\n");
dbus_connection_unref(conn);
return -1;
}
/* These functions are responsible for making the application's main loop aware of timeouts */
if (!dbus_connection_set_timeout_functions(conn, add_time, remove_time, toggel_time, NULL, NULL))
{
printf("Error in dbus_set_timeout_functions\n");
dbus_connection_unref(conn);
return -1;
}
/* Used to register the handler functions run on incoming messages*/
if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(conn, filter, NULL, NULL))
{
printf("Error in adding filter\n");
dbus_connection_unref(conn);
return -1;
}
/* Filter added for incoming messages */
/* Set a function to be invoked when the dispatch status changes */
dbus_connection_set_dispatch_status_function(conn, dispatch_status, NULL ,NULL);
/* Register a handler for messages sent to a given path */
if(!dbus_connection_register_object_path(conn, OBJ_PATH, &table, NULL))
{
printf("Error in registering object\n");
return -1;
}
/* sending messages to the outgoing queue */
msg = dbus_message_new_method_call("com.bluegiga.v2.bt.cm", // target for the method call
OBJ_PATH, // object to call on
"com.bluegiga.v2.bt.cm", // interface to call on
"ReadLocalBdAddrReq"); // method name
if (NULL == msg) {
fprintf(stderr, "Message Null\n");
exit(1);
}
dbus_message_iter_init_append(msg, &args);
if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&args, DBUS_TYPE_UINT16,&appHandle)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
fprintf(stderr, "Sending the connections\n");
// send message and get a handle for a reply
if (!dbus_connection_send (conn, msg, &msg_serial)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
fprintf(stderr, "Connection sent and the msg serial is %d\n",msg_serial);
/* Message sent over */
/* not sure whether this should be here or above watch */
while (dbus_connection_get_dispatch_status(conn) == DBUS_DISPATCH_DATA_REMAINS)
{
//printf("Entered in dispatch\n");
/* Processes any incoming data. will call the filters registered by add_filer*/
dbus_connection_dispatch(conn);
}
return 0;
}
After I run this program it has the following output:
Readable
Sending the connections
Connection sent and the msg serial is
2(DBUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_RETURN)
If the connection was sent to the object path then message_func should have been called correctly, but it never is called. Have I made any mistake in sending the method call?
You are missing the event loop which is otherwise available by default if you choose to go with one of the bindings. When you get a call to add_watch, libdbus expects that the application will attach an IO handler to it. The IOHandler added by application will watch for an activity on the fd (filedescriptor) queried for the watch. Whenever there is an activity on that file descriptor, the IOHandler will trigger a callback with appropriate flags that you need to convert to DBUS flags before calling dbus_watch_handle.
Suggest that you use glib if you don't know how to use event loops. I am able to get it if I use libUV or libEV as low footprint event loop.