Cypher Query and AgensGraph - cypher

The following query only returns vlabel.
Should it return elabls as well?
match
return distinct labels;

According to the docs in the "List functions" section, the labels() function will only return vlabels.
labels()
Returns vlabel of the vertex passed as an argument. You should be careful when passing arguments to the label function; when you find a vertex that matches the pattern using MATCH clause, assign a variable, and pass that variable as an argument, the vertex itself cannot be passed as an argument to the label function, but must always be passed as a variable.
If you wanted the edges/relationships, the docs state to use the relationships() function:
relationships()
Returns the edges present in the path passed as an argument. You should be careful when passing arguments to the relationships function; when you find a path that matches the pattern using MATCH clause, assign a variable, and pass that variable as an argument, the path itself cannot be passed as an argument to the relationships function, but must always be passed as variable. When used with the count function, the number of edges in the path can be found.
Therefore, to list both vlabels and elabels, you would want something like the following query (note we assign the resulting path to p which gets passed to the relationships function):
MATCH p=(n)-[r]->(m)
RETURN DISTINCT labels(n), relationships(p), labels(m);
-- Example results
labels | relationships | labels
----------+-------------------------------------------+----------
["part"] | [used_by[19.3][18.4,18.5]{"quantity": 1}] | ["part"]
["part"] | [used_by[19.4][18.5,18.6]{"quantity": 2}] | ["part"]
["part"] | [used_by[19.5][18.4,18.7]{"quantity": 1}] | ["part"]
(3 rows)

Related

How to fetch all rows where an array contains any of the fields array elements

I have a table that has a column video_ids, it is of a bigint[] type. I would like to find all the rows that have any of the elements from the array passed in a select statement. So, if I have a row that has a video_ids field that looks like this:
{9529387, 9548200, 9579636}
I would like to fetch it if I pass an array that has any of this video_ids. I thought I would do that with any, but I am not sure how to do this in SQL, I have tried with this:
select id, finished, failed, video_ids, invoiced_video_ids, failed_video_ids
from video_order_execution
where order_ids = any(
'{9548200, 11934626, 9579636, 11936321, 11509698, 11552728, 11592106, 11643565, 11707543, 11810386, 11846268}'
::bigint[]);
I get an error if I do that:
ERROR: operator does not exist: bigint[] = bigint Hint: No operator
matches the given name and argument types. You might need to add
explicit type casts.
How can I make such a statement that would do the job for what I need?
Use the operator && which returns true if the 2 operands have any common items:
select id, finished, failed, video_ids, invoiced_video_ids, failed_video_ids
from video_order_execution
where order_ids &&
'{9548200, 11934626, 9579636, 11936321, 11509698, 11552728, 11592106, 11643565, 11707543, 11810386, 11846268}'::bigint[];

Dynamic ASSIGN of table row expression

In my ABAP report I have some structure:
data:
begin of struct1,
field1 type char10,
end of struct1.
I can access to it's field field1 directly:
data(val) = struct1-field1
or dynamically with assign:
assign ('struct1-field1') to field-symbol(<val>).
Also I have some internal table:
data: table1 like standard table of struct1 with default key.
append initial line to table1.
I can access to column field1 of first row directly:
data(val) = table1[ 1 ]-field1.
But I can not get access to field1 with dynamic assign:
assign ('table1[ 1 ]-field1') to field-symbol(<val>).
After assignment sy-subrc equals "4".
Why?
The syntax of ASSIGN (syntax1) ... is not the same as the syntax of the Right-Hand Side (RHS) of assignments ... = syntax2.
The syntax for ASSIGN is explained in the documentation of ASSIGN (variable_containing_name) ... or ASSIGN ('name') ... (chapter 1. (name) of page ASSIGN - dynamic_dobj).
Here is an abstract of what is accepted:
"name can contain a chain of names consisting of component selectors [(-)]"
"the first name [can be] followed by an object component selector (->)"
"the first name [can be] followed by a class component selector (=>)"
No mention of table expressions, so they are forbidden. Same for meshes...
Concerning the RHS of assignments, as described in the documentation, it can be :
Data Objects
They can be attributes or components using selectors -, ->, =>, which can be chained multiple times (see Names for Individual Operands
Return values or results of functional methods, return values or results of built-in functions and constructor expressions, or return values or results of table expressions
Results of calculation expressions
Sandra is absolutely right, if table expressions are not specified in help, then they are not allowed.
You can use ASSIGN COMPONENT statement for your dynamicity:
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <tab> TYPE INDEX TABLE.
ASSIGN ('table1') TO <tab>.
ASSIGN COMPONENT 'field1' OF STRUCTURE <tab>[ 1 ] TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<val>).
However, such dynamics is only possible with index tables (standard + sorted) due to the nature of this version of row specification. If you try to pass hashed table into the field symbol, it will dump.

Passing Optional List argument from Django to filter with in Raw SQL

When using primitive types such as Integer, I can without any problems do a query like this:
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute(sql='''SELECT count(*) FROM account
WHERE %(pk)s ISNULL OR id %(pk)s''', params={'pk': 1})
Which would either return row with id = 1 or it would return all rows if pk parameter was equal to None.
However, when trying to use similar approach to pass a list/tuple of IDs, I always produce a SQL syntax error when passing empty/None tuple, e.g. trying:
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute(sql='''SELECT count(*) FROM account
WHERE %(ids)s ISNULL OR id IN %(ids)s''', params={'ids': (1,2,3)})
works, but passing () produces SQL syntax error:
psycopg2.ProgrammingError: syntax error at or near ")"
LINE 1: SELECT count(*) FROM account WHERE () ISNULL OR id IN ()
Or if I pass None I get:
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: syntax error at or near "NULL"
LINE 1: ...LECT count(*) FROM account WHERE NULL ISNULL OR id IN NULL
I tried putting the argument in SQL in () - (%(ids)s) - but that always breaks one or the other condition. I also tried playing around with pg_typeof or casting the argument, but with no results.
Notes:
the actual SQL is much more complex, this one here is a simplification for illustrative purposes
as a last resort - I could alter the SQL in Python based on the argument, but I really wanted to avoid that.)
At first I had an idea of using just 1 argument, but replacing it with a dummy value [-1] and then using it like
cursor.execute(sql='''SELECT ... WHERE -1 = any(%(ids)s) OR id = ANY(%(ids)s)''', params={'ids': ids if ids else [-1]})
but this did a Full table scan for non empty lists, which was unfortunate, so a no go.
Then I thought I could do a little preprocessing in python and send 2 arguments instead of just the single list- the actual list and an empty list boolean indicator. That is
cursor.execute(sql='''SELECT ... WHERE %(empty_ids)s = TRUE OR id = ANY(%(ids)s)''', params={'empty_ids': not ids, 'ids': ids})
Not the most elegant solution, but it performs quite well (Index scan for non empty list, Full table scan for empty list - but that returns the whole table anyway, so it's ok)
And finally I came up with the simplest solution and quite elegant:
cursor.execute(sql='''SELECT ... WHERE '{}' = %(ids)s OR id = ANY(%(ids)s)''', params={'ids': ids})
This one also performs Index scan for non empty lists, so it's quite fast.
From the psycopg2 docs:
Note You can use a Python list as the argument of the IN operator using the PostgreSQL ANY operator.
ids = [10, 20, 30]
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM data WHERE id = ANY(%s);", (ids,))
Furthermore ANY can also work with empty lists, whereas IN () is a SQL syntax error.

Dynamic INTO clause in OpenSQL?

I'm attempting to write a program that will grab the content from fields from a table both specified by the user on the selection screen.
For example, the user could specify the fields equnr, b_werk, b_lager from the table eqbs.
I've been able to accomplish this like so:
" Determine list of fields provided by user
DATA(lv_fields) = COND string(
WHEN p_key3 IS NOT INITIAL AND p_string IS NOT INITIAL THEN
|{ p_key1 }, { p_key2 }, { p_key3 }, { p_string }|
WHEN p_key2 IS NOT INITIAL AND p_string IS NOT INITIAL THEN
|{ p_key1 }, { p_key2 }, { p_string }|
WHEN p_key2 IS NOT INITIAL AND p_string IS NOT INITIAL THEN
|{ p_key1 }, { p_string }| ).
DATA: lv_field_tab TYPE TABLE OF line.
APPEND lv_fields TO lv_field_tab.
" Determine table specified by user and prepare for Open SQL query
DATA t_ref TYPE REF TO data.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <t> TYPE any,
<comp> TYPE any.
CREATE DATA t_ref TYPE (p_table).
ASSIGN t_ref->* TO <t>.
ASSIGN COMPONENT lv_fields OF STRUCTURE <t> TO <comp>.
" Prepare result container
DATA: lt_zca_str_to_char TYPE TABLE OF zca_str_to_char,
ls_zca_str_to_char TYPE zca_str_to_char.
SELECT (lv_field_tab) FROM (p_table) INTO (#ls_zca_str_to_char-key1, #ls_zca_str_to_char-key2, #ls_zca_str_to_char-key3, #ls_zca_str_to_char-string).
APPEND ls_zca_str_to_char TO lt_zca_str_to_char.
ENDSELECT.
This will correctly populate lt_zca_str_to_char with data from the table specified by the user.
However, this implies that the user is always providing p_key1, p_key2, and p_key3. I could perform a different selection statement based on how many key fields the user provides, but what's the fun in that?
I set out to solve this like this:
DATA(lv_results) = COND string(
WHEN p_key3 IS NOT INITIAL AND p_string IS NOT INITIAL THEN
|(#ls_zca_str_to_char-key1, #ls_zca_str_to_char-key2, #ls_zca_str_to_char-key3, #ls_zca_str_to_char-string)|
WHEN p_key2 IS NOT INITIAL AND p_string IS NOT INITIAL THEN
|(#ls_zca_str_to_char-key1, #ls_zca_str_to_char-key2, #ls_zca_str_to_char-string)|
WHEN p_key2 IS NOT INITIAL AND p_string IS NOT INITIAL THEN
|(#ls_zca_str_to_char-key1, #ls_zca_str_to_char-string)| ).
SELECT (lv_field_tab) FROM (p_table) INTO (#lv_results).
APPEND ls_zca_str_to_char TO lt_zca_str_to_char.
ENDSELECT.
This will activate, and when I get to my Open SQL query (from a Z table, only filling out the first two of three possible key fields), the values are the following:
lv_field_tab = GUID, TEXT_ID, TEXT_DATA (Good)
p_table = ZCR_TRANS_TEXT (Good)
lv_results = (#ls_zca_str_to_char-key1, #ls_zca_str_to_char-key2, #ls_zca_str_to_char-string) (Good, 3 = 3!)
But, since I'm assuming the compiler is seeing (#lv_results) as one single variable, the program dumps with the following error:
The current ABAP program attempted to execute an Open SQL statement
containing a dynamic entry. The parser returned the following error:
"The field list and the INTO list must have the same number of
elements."
Is it possible for me to use the new Open SQL syntax to accomplish my dynamic INTO clause in harmony with my dynamic field list?
The brackets on the INTO do not do what you expect, from the ABAP help:
... INTO (#dobj1, #dobj2, ... )
Effect
If the results set consists of multiple columns or aggregate expressions specified explicitly in the SELECT list, a list of elementary data objects dobj1, dobj2, ... (in parentheses and separated by commas) can be specified after INTO.
In your case you only have one value in there so you can only select one column and the data will be passed in the variable LV_RESULT. Not what you are looking for. Since you want to fill the fields of an existing structure the INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF construct will work here. And you can use TABLE to make your command more efficient as well. This leads to:
SELECT (lv_field_tab) FROM (p_table)
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE #lt_zca_str_to_char.
As said previously, you may use INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF ..., but it's not mandatory, it's only for simplifying the code.
So, instead of using CORRESPONDING FIELDS, you may create a structure dynamically (RTTC) with its components corresponding to the columns in LV_FIELD_TAB, and you may then use:
SELECT (lv_field_tab) FROM (p_table) INTO #<structure> ... ENDSELECT.
But of course, as explained by Gert Beukema, you should better do only one SELECT, by creating an internal table dynamically with the same logic as for the structure above, and you may then use:
SELECT (lv_field_tab) FROM (p_table) INTO TABLE #<internal table> ...
Refer to the many examples in the web how to create data objects dynamically with RTTC.
Do not use a fields list for your INTO clause.
Try with
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE
must be a FIELD-SYMBOL type any table, and the rest of the logic is up to you (to put the proper information from your generic and almost-empty to your specific destination one).

How can I use the COUNT value obtained from a call to mkqlite()?

I'm using mksqlite to create and access an SQL database from matlab, and I want to get the number of rows in a table. I've tried this:
num = mksqlite('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM myTable');
, but the returned value isn't very helpful. If I put a breakpoint in my script and examine the variable, I find that it's a struct with a single field, called 'COUNT(_)', which seems to actually be an invalid name for a field, so I can't access it:
K>> class(num)
ans =
struct
K>> num
num =
COUNT(_): 0
K>> num.COUNT(_)
??? num.COUNT(_)
|
Error: The input character is not valid in MATLAB statements or expressions.
K>> num.COUNT()
??? Reference to non-existent field 'COUNT'.
K>> num.COUNT
??? Reference to non-existent field 'COUNT'.
Even the MATLAB IDE can't access it. If I try to double click the field in the variable editor, this gets spat out:
??? openvar('num.COUNT(_)', num.COUNT(_));
|
Error: The input character is not valid in MATLAB statements or expressions.
So how can I access this field?
You are correct that the problem is that mksqlite somehow manages to create an invalid field name that can't be read. The simplest solution is to add an AS clause to your SQL so that the field has a sensible name:
>> num = mksqlite('SELECT COUNT(*) AS cnt FROM myTable')
num =
cnt: 0
Then to remove the extra layer of indirection you can do:
>> num = num.cnt;
>> num
num =
0