Number of connections and channels - rabbitmq

Question

I am new to Rabbitmq and Spring. I want to know how to manage the number of connections and channels.
In my architecture there are 2 queues where messages are published from single producer based on routing key on direct exchange. As per my understanding I would need a single connection with 2 channels which will be persistent and messages will be published through them. I assumed this is managed by Spring automatically. But a connection, consisting of single channel, is created every time a message is published.
- How do I manage the channels and connections? Is it the right approach to create a single channel for each queue in a connection? If the queue size increases to 10 then 10 channels should be used in a single connection?
Configuration File:
<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
<property name="username" value="test"/>
<property name="password" value="test"/>
<property name="host" value="50.16.11.22"/>
<property name="port" value="5672"/>
</bean>
<bean id="publisher" class="com.test.code.Publisher">
<constructor-arg ref="amqpTemplate"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean id="amqpTemplate" class="org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate">
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"/>
<property name="mandatory" value="true"></property>
<property name="exchange" value="x.direct"></property>
</bean>
<rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
<rabbit:queue name="q.queue1" />
<rabbit:queue name="q.queue2" />
<rabbit:direct-exchange name="x.direct">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="q.queue1" key="key1" />
<rabbit:binding queue="q.queue2" key="key2" />
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:direct-exchange>
</beans>
This is my Publisher class
public class Publisher {
public Publisher(RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate) {
this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
}
public void messageToQueue1(JSONObject message) {
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("key1", message.toString());
}
public void messageToQueue2(JSONObject message) {
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("key2", message.toString());
}
}

Answer 1

But a connection, consisting of single channel, is created every time a message is published.
That is not true. There is also no dedicated channel for each routing key.
The CachingConnectionFactory maintains a single persistent connection (by default) and channels are cached.
The first publish creates a channel and puts it in the cache. The next publish gets it from the cache. Only if the cache is empty is a new channel created (and then you'll end up with 2 cached channels).
You'll only get as many channels as you need concurrently.