I was thinking about learning BASIC, because a friend told me that that is the language being used in Excel, but when I searched on net, it showed that VBA is the language being used to code in Excel. So I was confused whether both of them are the same thing. If they are not is it that both of them can be used to code in Excel? If it is so, which is better for a person oriented with OOP based Java language?
VBA is one BASIC
There are many different languages on the BASIC family and not a "standard" BASIC. VBA is acronym for Visual Basic for Applications. In its case, the name actually tells much of the story.
The first BASIC language was developed in 1964 as a general purpose language, relatively easy for non-scientists. Since then, many variations emerged. Diferent versions of BASIC were available on the ROM of most microcomputers on the 80's (MSX, Commodore etc.) and were the main languages used by hobbyists programmers. Each version had different syntax and semantics and moderate effort was required to port programs between plataforms using different BASICs.
In 1992, Microsoft developed a version for Windows that combined BASIC code with Drag'n'Drop UI design, and named it Visual Basic. Thus Visual Basic is a version of BASIC featurning Visual UI design for developing MS Windows programs.
When Microsoft decided to implement macro languages for the Microsof Office products these were BASIC variants (WordBasic, AccessBasic...) but later all these were unified to use a single language - derived from Visual Basic 6.0, and named Visual Basic for Applications. It was later adopted in some other non-Microsoft applications such as Corel Draw and WordPerfect. Thus, Visual Basic for Applications is a version of BASIC featurning Visual UI design for extending MS Office (and certain other) Applications.
So, all in all, VBA is just a (very specialized) version of the BASIC language.
Related
I just came to know that macros in Word/Excel/PowerPoint can be programmed. That is awesome because I've a Word document with 70 tables for styling.
I'm a programmer but I don't know VB, VBA or VB .NET. I'm confused with these three. I'm familiar with .NET programming using C#. Now I want to write new macros. Where should I get started? What are VB, VBA, VB.NET and which one should I learn? Please suggest some material.
If I learn for Word 2007 will that help with other Office applications life Excel & PowerPoint?
Here's a brief explanation of the different Visual Basics:
Visual Basic 6 (VB6, or classic VB)
Released around 1998, this was the last iteration of Microsoft's original "Visual Basic." It has the beginnings of object-oriented development, but it requires the Visual Basic Runtime for applications to run. A lot of companies have used VB6 for internal business applications. It was superceded by VB.NET and the .NET Framework.
Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)
VBA shares the same code base as VB6 and in 1996 was available to be licensed to developers to include in their own applications. This is how VBA appears in Microsoft Office, as an embedded language that can be used to control Office's various applications. It's important to remember that VBA, which is still used to code office applications, is over a decade old and may feel as such when one is used to working with .NET.
Visual Basic .NET (VB.NET)
VB.NET was a radical departure from VB6. Though subsequent iterations of VB.NET have been referred to in sequence (e.g. VB7, VB8, etc.) by many developers, VB.NET shares very little with VB6 and VBA other than the BASIC syntax. Many consider it more of a new evolution in BASIC rather than an evolution in Visual Basic. Because it's entirely different from VBA and VB6, you cannot not use VB.NET code directly in VBA.
Because VB.NET code compiles down to the same managed intermediate language code as C# and shares the same .NET APIs, you may feel more commonality between C# and VB.NET than VB6 and VB.NET from a programming perspective.
If you anticipate doing a lot of development in VBA, I would highly recommend the VBA Developer's Handbook, Second Edition, by Getz and Gilbert.
Learning the VBA syntax for Word will certainly help you when you go to use Excel, Access, etc. However, each application has its own API that provides a set of objects and methods unique to its domain. For example, I'm very familiar with programming in VBA in Excel and Access, but I have never done macro programming in Word. Although the code syntax would be the same, I'd have to learn Word's API to be able to program against it.
The nice thing about some of the Office applications (Excel, for example) is that you can record a macro, see what code it generates, and then tweak that code to do what you want. That's largely how I got started in programming.
There are some good answers here - I'd like to offer one more set of suggestions:
First, if supported in your environment, you can use Visual Studio 2005/8/10 and your C# skills to program against Office with "Visual Studio Tools for Office". See this thread for more details.
If you want to delve into VBA instead (which I personally love because development is so fast compared to VS), start with this article Ten Code Conversions for VBA, Visual Basic .NET, and C# which will show you samples from all three languages. Next, watch this webcast: Using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) Every Day Is Easier Than You Think.
Thirdly- MSDN, read through this: Getting Started with VBA in Word 2010. 99% of it applies to Word 2007. There are many other articles linked from this one or you can always go to the main page of Office VBA Developer Center as a single jump page.
Then it's probably time to get started to directly program. See how things work, learn Word's Object Model, etc. You can always browse SO under the word-vba tag to see what other people are trying to do and the answers.
You always have MSDN.
If you go to Microsoft Word > Developer > Visual Basic and open up ThisDocument in the left menu, you will have the editor. If you press F2 you will get the libraries that can be used in Microsoft Word (the Object Browser). The easiest program would be the following:
Sub Hello()
MsgBox "Hello World"
End Sub
When you have the sub marked, press F5 (to run).
In the Object Browser you will have three different objects, properties, functions and events. When you see something that strikes your interest, go to the reference for word vba and locate it.
[If the link changes, you can find it in the tree under MSDN Library > Office Development > 2007 Microsoft Office System > Word 2007 > Word 2007 Developer Reference > Word Object Model Reference]
I think the easiest thing to do is to define a problem you need fixed and try to program it, similar to learning any other language. Don't make the problem to easy, but not to hard that you give up.
We are in the process of creating active-x controls used within our application.
Since Microsoft stopped supporting classic Visual Basic, is it wise to use Visual Basic to develop the Active X control or the latest VC++/ATL/MFC libraries provide more feature where we can create controls faster by leaving Visual Basic flexibility?
We will not be able to use .NET/VB.NET/C# since the application is supposed to work inside containers and containers may not support latest .NET runtime.
Any other language is best fit for Active X control development other than VB and VC++?
I, personally, would recommend using Delphi for this. It is still actively developed, and has the control you get with C++, but a rapid development environment more like VB.NET.
#nobugz: If you are really interested what is ActiveX in Delphi, look at docwiki. Normally it is 100% source code (yours + VCL, VCL is also available as sources) with autogenerated COM wrappers. So all potential security problems are also in source code. If you find a security problem in VCL, please send a bug report to Quality Central.
Here is a good example on how to create ActiveX Controls with C# .NET
http://www.codeproject.com/KB/cs/CreateActiveXDotNet.aspx
By all means VB6 is the best language. After reading your question I feel that you are a VB6 developer. If you know VB6 and use it then why hesitate using it for producing ActiveX controls.
I program in Delphi as well as VB6 along with VB.NET and C# but creating ActiveX controls is the easiest in VB6 compares to all other development tools.
If you are hell bent on not using VB and if you are looking for an alternative then try out PowerBasic (commercial - very costly) or PureBasic (commercial but affordable) Get it from here or better still MinGW (a GNU C++ compiler).
I have to say that VB6 with a good book like Developing COM/ActiveX Components with VB6: A Guide to the Perplexed you will be up and running faster.
In Ironpython site exists references to a language called VBx using DLR. But i can't find any reference to this in google. Where is it?
Edit: Is a Implement of Visual Basic 6.0 in DLR? if yes is so cool. Is more expected for people using VB6 yet and can't migrate because big frameworks.
From this mailing list post:
VBx was an implementation of Visual Basic on the DLR. It was first meant
to be in Silverlight, but the VB team decided they'd rather put VB.NET in
Silverlight rather than build a new implementation up from scratch. So, VBx
is on hold.
Apparently it's an implementation of VB in the DLR:
http://www.mail-archive.com/users#lists.ironpython.com/msg05933.html
Straight from the mouth of Paul Vick (long time VB architect)
What is VBx?
VBx was one of the four language implementations that were originally driving the design of the DLR, the other three being IronPython (from which the DLR was extracted in the first place), IronRuby and Managed JavaScript.
VBx was intended to be a dynamic version of Visual Basic.NET or a .NET version of Visual Basic 6, whichever way you want to look at it. It was primarily intended as a testbed for the flexibility of the DLR, secondarily as a testbed for a more dynamic version of VB.NET and tertiarily (is that a word?) as a scripting language for Silverlight. It has fulfilled its primary goal and the designers of VB.NET decided that they want to pursue goals two and three within the existing VB.NET language, rather than producing yet another slightly different incompatible version of VB. (You already have VB.NET, VB, VBA and VBScript.)
Managed JavaScript was also abandoned, the team was folded into the IE team and is responsible for the ECMAScript 5 engine in IE 9.
Modularity of basic programming first appeared with visual basic? True or False?
False, even GW Basic & Quick Basic which have appeared before visual basic have modularity.
False - Gordon Eubanks product: CBasic (written aboard USS George Washington) first available from IMSAI then later from Digital Research Corp after they bought it circa 1981 see this entry on wikipedia for more information.
QBasic (and presumably QuickBasic) had subroutines and functions which were (or at least could be) viewed and edited separately from the main program. While not file-level modularity, that does stand as one example.
I've seen examples of clean, modular BASIC code that predate VB. In general, you can use any programming approach with any syntax, although some syntaxes encourage a particular style. The BASIC language is free-form enough that the style it tends to encourage is "messy". Over the years Microsoft has made an effort to introduce features in VB that promote more structure.
Microsoft's BASIC PDS 7.1 compiler (Professional Development System) from 1989ish was very modular. You could link in C routines & Assembly routines (and Fortran IIRC). And the Basic itself allowed for calling other BASIC routines as sub-routines ect. I still use it today.
What is the difference between the two. I always thought VBA is somewhat 'crippled' version of VB, but when a friend asked me the other day I had no idea what the actual differences are.
Also, when you use, for example, Excel, is that VB or VBA ?
For nearly all programming purposes, VBA and VB 6.0 are the same thing.
VBA cannot compile your program into an executable binary. You'll always need the host (a Word file and MS Word, for example) to contain and execute your project. You'll also not be able to create COM DLLs with VBA.
Apart from that, there is a difference in the IDE - the VB 6.0 IDE is more powerful in comparison. On the other hand, you have tight integration of the host application in VBA. Application-global objects (like "ActiveDocument") and events are available without declaration, so application-specific programming is straight-forward.
Still, nothing keeps you from firing up Word, loading the VBA IDE and solving a problem that has no relation to Word whatsoever. I'm not sure if there is anything that VB 6.0 can do (technically), and VBA cannot. I'm looking for a comparison sheet on the MSDN though.
VBA stands for Visual Basic for Applications and so is the small "for applications" scripting brother of VB.
VBA is indeed available in Excel, but also in the other office applications.
With VB, one can create a stand-alone windows application, which is not possible with VBA.
It is possible for developers however to "embed" VBA in their own applications, as a scripting language to automate those applications.
Edit: From the VBA FAQ:
Q. What is Visual Basic for Applications?
A. Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) is an embeddable programming environment designed to enable developers to build custom solutions using the full power of Microsoft Visual Basic. Developers using applications that host VBA can automate and extend the application functionality, shortening the development cycle of custom business solutions.
Note that VB.NET is even another language, which only shares syntax with VB.
Here's a more technical and thorough answer to an old question: Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and Visual Basic (pre-.NET) are not just similar languages, they are the same language. Specifically:
They have the same specification: The implementation-independent description of what the language contains and what it means. You can read it here: [MS-VBAL]: VBA Language Specification
They have the same platform: They both compile to Microsoft P-Code, which is in turn executed by the exact same virtual machine, which is implemented in the dll msvbvm[x.0].dll.
In an old VB reference book I came across last year, the author (Paul Lomax) even asserted that 'VBA' has always been the name of the language itself, whether used in stand-alone applications or in embedded contexts (such as MS Office):
"Before we go any further, let's just clarify on fundamental point. Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) is the language used to program in Visual Basic (VB). VB itself is a development environment; the language element of that environment is VBA."
The minor differences
Hosted vs. stand-alone: In practical, terms, when most people say "VBA" they specifically mean "VBA when used in MS Office", and they say "VB6" to mean "VBA used in the last version of the standalone VBA compiler (i.e. Visual Studio 6)". The IDE and compiler bundled with MS Office is almost identical to Visual Studio 6, with the limitation that it does not allow compilation to stand-alone dll or exe files. This in turns means that classes defined in embedded VBA projects are not accessible from non-embedded COM consumers, because they cannot be registered.
Continued development: Microsoft stopped producing a stand-alone VBA compiler with Visual Studio 6, as they switched to the .NET runtime as the platform of choice. However, the MS Office team continues to maintain VBA, and even released a new version (VBA7) with a new VM (now just called VBA7.dll) starting with MS Office 2010. The only major difference is that VBA7 has both a 32- and 64-bit version and has a few enhancements to handle the differences between the two, specifically with regards to external API invocations.
Do you want compare VBA with VB-Classic (VB6..) or VB.NET?
VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) is a vb-classic-based script language embedded in Microsoft Office applications. I think it's language features are similar to those of VB5 (it just lacks some few builtin functions), but:
You have access to the office document you wrote the VBA-script for and so you can e.g.
Write macros (=automated routines for little recurring tasks in your office-work)
Define new functions for excel-cell-formula
Process office data
Example: Set the value of an excel-cell
ActiveSheet.Cells("A1").Value = "Foo"
VBC and -.NET are no script languages. You use them to write standalone-applications with separate IDE's which you can't do with VBA (VBA-scripts just "exist" in Office)
VBA has nothing to do with VB.NET (they just have a similar syntax).
Actually VBA can be used to compile DLLs.
The Office 2000 and Office XP Developer editions included a VBA editor that could be used for making DLLs for use as COM Addins.
This functionality was removed in later versions (2003 and 2007) with the advent of the VSTO (VS Tools for Office) software, although obviously you could still create COM addins in a similar fashion without the use of VSTO (or VS.Net) by using VB6 IDE.
It's VBA. VBA means Visual Basic for Applications, and it is used for macros on Office documents. It doesn't have access to VB.NET features, so it's more like a modified version of VB6, with add-ons to be able to work on the document (like Worksheet in VBA for Excel).
VB is not a language. VB is a program that hosts VBA, just as Office hosts VBA. VB is a set of App objects, just like Word and Excel have, and a forms package, just like in Office.
So you can only write VBA code in VB.
PS this info is on the INFO tab on the VB question page for VB.
From VBA Info
VBA 6, was shipped in 1998 and includes a myriad of licensed hosts, among them: Office 2000 - 2010, AutoCAD, PI Processbook, and the stand-alone Visual Basic 6.0
VBA stands for Visual Basic For Applications and its a Visual Basic implementation intended to be used in the Office Suite.
The difference between them is that VBA is embedded inside Office documents (its an Office feature). VB is the ide/language for developing applications.
VB (Visual Basic only up to 6.0) is a superset of VBA (Visual Basic for Applications). I know that others have sort of eluded to this but my understanding is that the semantics (i.e. the vocabulary) of VBA is included in VB6 (except for objects specific to Office products), therefore, VBA is a subset of VB6. The syntax (i.e. the order in which the words are written) is exactly the same in VBA as it would be in VB6, but the difference is the objects available to VBA or VB6 are different because they have different purposes. Specifically VBA's purpose is to programatically automate tasks that can be done in MS Office, whereas VB6's purpose is to create standard EXE, ActiveX Controls, ActiveX DLLs and ActiveX EXEs which can either work stand alone or in other programs such as MS Office or Windows.