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How do you strip a character out of a column in SQL Server?
(4 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
I have a table [ABCTable]
When I query with
SELECT [XYZ] from [ABCTable]
there is a possibility that [XYZ] set of rows returned might contain - [~], [!], [#], [#], [$], [%], [^], [&], [*], [,], [.] , [?].
Is there a way to write just a SQL Query (not stored procedure or sub routines) to ensure these characters are removed while selecting the needed data ?
Do you want something like
CREATE TABLE T(
ID INT IDENTITY(1,1),
Value VARCHAR(45)
);
INSERT INTO T(Value) VALUES
('.A*B$C#'),
('D#E$,F'),
('.G,H*I#$');
DECLARE #Chars VARCHAR(45) = '#$.,*#';
SELECT *, REPLACE(TRANSLATE(Value, #Chars, REPLICATE(' ', LEN(#Chars))), ' ', '') Result
FROM T;
Returns:
+----+----------+--------+
| ID | Value | Result |
+----+----------+--------+
| 1 | .A*B$C# | ABC |
| 2 | D#E$,F | DEF |
| 3 | .G,H*I#$ | GHI |
+----+----------+--------+
Demo
Note: If you have WhiteSpaces there I suggest that you use CHAR(9) instead as
REPLACE(TRANSLATE(Value, #Chars, REPLICATE(CHAR(9), LEN(#Chars))), CHAR(9), '')
Related
I have a column with entries like:
column:
156781
234762
780417
and would like to have the following:
column:
0000156781
0000234762
0000780417
For this I use the following query:
Select isnull(replicate('0', 10 - len(column)),'') + rtrim(column) as a from table)
However, I don't know how to replace the values in the whole column.
I already tried with:
UPDATE table
SET column= (
Select isnull(replicate('0', 10 - len(column)),'') + rtrim(column) as columnfrom table)
But I get the following error.
Subquery returned more than 1 value. This is not permitted when the subquery follows =, !=, <, <= , >, >= or when the subquery is used as an expression.
The answer to your question is going to depend on the data type of your column. If it is a text column for example VARCHAR then you can modify the value in the table. If it is a number type such as INT it is the value and not the characters which is stored.
We can also express this by saying that "0" + "1" = "01" whilst 0 + 1 = 1.
In either case we can format the value in a query.
create table numberz(
val1 int,
val2 varchar(10));
insert into numberz values
(156781,'156781'),
(234762,'234762'),
(780417,'780417');
/* required format
0000156781
0000234762
0000780417
*/
select * from numberz;
GO
val1 | val2
-----: | :-----
156781 | 156781
234762 | 234762
780417 | 780417
UPDATE numberz
SET val1 = isnull(
replicate('0',
10 - len(val1)),'')
+ rtrim(val1),
val2 = isnull(
replicate('0',
10 - len(val2)),'')
+ rtrim(val2);
GO
3 rows affected
select * from numberz;
GO
val1 | val2
-----: | :---------
156781 | 0000156781
234762 | 0000234762
780417 | 0000780417
select isnull(
replicate('0',
10 - len(val1)),'')
+ rtrim(val1)
from numberz
GO
| (No column name) |
| :--------------- |
| 0000156781 |
| 0000234762 |
| 0000780417 |
db<>fiddle here
Usually, when we need to show values in specificity format these processes are performed using the CASE command or with other functions on the selection field list, mean without updating. In such cases, we can change our format to any format and anytime with changing functions. As dynamic fields.
For example:
select id, lpad(id::text, 6, '0') as format_id from test.test_table1
order by id
Result:
id format_id
-------------
1 000001
2 000002
3 000003
4 000004
5 000005
Maybe you really need an UPDATE, so I wrote a sample query for an UPDATE command too.
update test.test_table1
set
id = lpad(id::text, 6, '0');
Here's what I have:
DECLARE #keyString2 nvarchar(500)
SET #keyString2 =
(SELECT TOP (1) Key_analysis
FROM testing.dbo.[nameWIthoutSpecialChars])
IF CHARINDEX('Limit of Insurance Relativity Factors' , #keyString2) > 0
EXEC sp_rename 'testing.dbo.nameWIthoutSpecialChars.Key2',
'Limit of Insurance Relativity Factors',
'COLUMN';
Basically what I'm doing with that code is renaming column names
with values that are from a different column. Though, if you see, there's a hardcoded string in CHARINDEX, I'd have to already know what's inside of that variable which makes it a real manual process. I could essentially just hardcode the EXEC and run it over and over without even needing the IF statement.
What I'm trying to accomplish is to rename columns based off of values inside of another.
To make it more clear I have a table like this:
+--------------------------------+---------+---------+
| Description | Column2 | Column3 |
+--------------------------------+---------+---------+
| string value 1, string value2 | | |
+--------------------------------+---------+---------+
| string value 1, string value2 | | |
+--------------------------------+---------+---------+
| string value 1, string value 2 | | |
+--------------------------------+---------+---------+
The values in the "Description" column will be the same throughout the table. What I want to have happen is that those values replace the other columns like so
+--------------------------------+----------------+----------------+
| Description | string value 1 | string value 2 |
+--------------------------------+----------------+----------------+
| string value 1, string value2 | | |
+--------------------------------+----------------+----------------+
| string value 1, string value2 | | |
+--------------------------------+----------------+----------------+
| string value 1, string value 2 | | |
+--------------------------------+----------------+----------------+
The only other caveat here is that there may be more or less string values than the 2 shown, I want to run this through multiple tables. Every table has 10 columns that are just like "Column1" and "Column2" in the example, meaning 10 potential columns that need to be renamed considering how many values are in the "Description" column
Experimental table,I didn't use #temporary table or table variable.
create TABLE bbbb (
Description VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL
,column2 VARCHAR(30)
,column3 VARCHAR(30)
);
INSERT INTO bbbb(Description,column2,column3) VALUES
('string value 1,string value2',NULL,NULL),
('string value 1,string value2',NULL,NULL),
('string value 1,string value2',NULL,NULL);
final query
declare #a varchar(100);
declare #b varchar(100);
set #a=(select distinct PARSENAME(REPLACE(Description,',','.'),1) from bbbb)
set #b=(select distinct PARSENAME(REPLACE(Description,',','.'),2) from bbbb)
EXEC sp_rename '[bbbb].[column2]', #a, 'COLUMN';
EXEC sp_rename '[bbbb].[column3]', #b, 'COLUMN';
select * from bbbb
I have 2 string columns (thousands of rows) with ordered numbers in each string (there can be zero to ten numbers in each string). Example:
+------------------+------------+
| ColString1 | ColString2 |
+------------------+------------+
| 1;3;5;12; | 4;6' |
+------------------+------------+
| 1;5;10 | 2;26; |
+------------------+------------+
| 4;7; | 3; |
+------------------+------------+
The end result is to combine these 2 columns, sort the numbers in
ascending order and then put each number into individual columns (smallest, 2nd smallest etc).
e.g. Colstring1 is 1;3;5;12; and ColString2 is 4;6; needs to return 1;3;4;5;6;12; which I then use xml to allocated into columns.
Everthing works fine using xml apart from the step to order the numbers (i.e I'm getting 1;3;5;12;4;6; when I combine the strings i.e. not in ascending order).
I've tried put them into a JSON array first to order, thinking I could do a top[1] etc but that did not work.
Any help on how to combine the 2 columns and order them before inserting into columns:
Steps so far:
Example data:
DECLARE #tbl TABLE (ID INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, ColString1 VARCHAR(50), ColString2 VARCHAR(50));
INSERT INTO #tbl (ColString1, ColString2)
VALUES
('1;3;5;12;', '4;6;'),
('1;5;10;', '2;26;'),
('14;', '3;8;');
XML Approach (Combines strings and puts into columns but not in the correct order):
;WITH Split_Numbers (xmlname)
AS
(
SELECT
CONVERT(XML,'<Names><name>'
+ REPLACE ( LEFT(ColString1+ColString2,LEN(ColString1+ColString2) - 1),';', '</name><name>') + '</name></Names>') AS xmlname
FROM #tbl
)
SELECT
xmlname.value('/Names[1]/name[1]','int') AS Number1,
xmlname.value('/Names[1]/name[2]','int') AS Number2,
xmlname.value('/Names[1]/name[3]','int') AS Number3,
xmlname.value('/Names[1]/name[4]','int') AS Number4,
xmlname.value('/Names[1]/name[5]','int') AS Number5
--etc for additional columns
FROM Split_Numbers
Current Output: numbers not in correct order,
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
| Number1 | Number2 | Number3 | Number4 | Number5 |
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
| 1 | 3 | 5 | 12 | 4 |
| 1 | 5 | 10 | 2 | 26 |
| 14 | 3 | 8 | NULL | NULL |
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
Desired Output: numbers in ascending order.
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
| Number1 | Number2 | Number3 | Number4 | Number5 |
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
| 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 1 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 26 |
| 3 | 8 | 14 | NULL | NULL |
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
JSON Approach: combines the columns into a JSON array but I still can't order correctly when in JSON format.
REPLACE ( CONCAT('[', LEFT(ColString1+ColString2,LEN(ColString1+ColString2) - 1), ']') ,';',',')
Any help will be greatly appreciated whether there is a way to order the xml or JSON string prior to entry. Happy to consider an alternative way if there is an easier solution.
You can use string_agg() and string_split():
select t.*, newstring
from t cross apply
(select string_agg(value, ',') order by (value) as newstring
from (select s1.value
from unnest(colstring1, ',') s1
union all
select s2.value
from unnest(colstring2, ',') s2
) s
) s;
That said, you should probably put your effort into fixing the data model. Storing numbers in strings is bad. Storing multiple values in a string is bad, bad. If the numbers are foreign references to other tables, that is bad, bad, bad, bad, bad.
While waiting for a DDL and sample data population, etc., here is a conceptual example for you. It is using XQuery and its FLWOR expression.
CTE does most of the heavy lifting:
Concatenates both columns values into one string. CONCAT() function protects against NULL values.
Converts it into XML data type.
Sorts XML elements by converting their values to int data type in the FLWOR expression.
Filters out XML elements with no legit values.
The rest is trivial.
SQL
-- DDL and sample data population, start
DECLARE #tbl TABLE (ID INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, col1 VARCHAR(100), col2 VARCHAR(100));
INSERT INTO #tbl (col1, col2)
VALUES
('1;3;5;12;', '4;6;'),
('1;5;10;', '2;26;');
-- DDL and sample data population, end
DECLARE #separator CHAR(1) = ';';
;WITH rs AS
(
SELECT *
, CAST('<root><r><![CDATA[' +
REPLACE(CONCAT(col1, col2), #separator, ']]></r><r><![CDATA[') +
']]></r></root>' AS XML).query('<root>
{
for $x in /root/r[text()]
order by xs:int($x)
return $x
}
</root>') AS sortedXML
FROM #tbl
)
SELECT ID
, c.value('(r[1]/text())[1]','INT') AS Number1
, c.value('(r[2]/text())[1]','INT') AS Number2
, c.value('(r[3]/text())[1]','INT') AS Number3
-- continue with the rest of the columns
FROM rs CROSS APPLY sortedXML.nodes('/root') AS t(c);
Output
+----+---------+---------+---------+
| ID | Number1 | Number2 | Number3 |
+----+---------+---------+---------+
| 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
+----+---------+---------+---------+
in stored procedure, i have this field
LTRIM(ISNULL(O.Column1, ''))
If there is a dash(-) symbol at end of the value, want to remove it. only in conditions if a dash symbol exist at start/end.
Any suggestions
EDIT:
Microsoft SQL Server 2014 12.0.5546.0
Expected output:
1)input: "abc-abc" //output: "abc-abc"
2)input: "abc-" //output: "abc"
3)input: "abc" //ouput: "abc"
I think you might be stuck with string manipulation here.
The CASE expression here takes the LTRIM/RTRIM result from your column and checks both ends for a dash, and then each end for a dash. If dashes exist, it strips them out. It's not pretty, and won't perform well on a mountain of data, but will do what you need.
Data setup:
create table trim (col1 varchar(10));
insert trim (col1)
values
('abc'),
(' abc-'),
('abc- '),
('abc-abc '),
(' -abc'),
('-abc '),
(NULL),
(''),
(' -abc- ');
The query:
select
case
when right(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))),1) = '-'
and left(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))),1) = '-'
then substring(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))),2,len(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))))-2)
when right(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))),1) = '-'
then left(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))), len(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))))-1)
when left(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))),1) = '-'
then right(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))), len(ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,''))))-1)
else ltrim(rtrim(isnull(col1,'')))
end as trimmed
from trim;
Results:
+---------+
| trimmed |
+---------+
| abc |
| abc |
| abc |
| abc-abc |
| abc |
| abc |
| |
| |
| abc |
+---------+
SQL Fiddle Demo
Since the Database is not mentioned, here is how you do it (rather find it)
SQL Server
Remove the last character in a string in T-SQL?
Oracle
Remove last character from string in sql plus
Postgresql
Postgresql: Remove last char in text-field if the column ends with minus sign
MySQL
Strip last two characters of a column in MySQL
You can use LEFT function, along with SUBSTRING to achieve the result.
SELECT CASE WHEN RIGHT(stringVal,1)= '-' THEN SUBSTRING(stringVal,1,LEN(stringVal)-1)
ELSE stringVal END AS ModifiedString
from
( VALUES ('abc-abc'), ('abc-'),('abc')) as t(stringVal)
+----------------+
| ModifiedString |
+----------------+
| abc-abc |
| abc |
| abc |
+----------------+
For example I have this statement:
my name is Joseph and my father's name is Brian
This statement is splitted by word, like this table:
------------------------------
| ID | word |
------------------------------
| 1 | my |
| 2 | name |
| 3 | is |
| 4 | Joseph |
| 5 | and |
| 6 | my |
| 7 | father's |
| 8 | name |
| 9 | is |
| 10 | Brian |
------------------------------
I want to get previous and next word of each word
For example I want to get previous and next word of "name":
--------------------------
| my | name | is |
--------------------------
| father's | name | is |
--------------------------
How could I get this result?
you didn't specify your DBMS, so the following is ANSI SQL:
select prev_word, word, next_word
from (
select id,
lag(word) over (order by id) as prev_word,
word,
lead(word) over (order by id) as next_word
from words
) as t
where word = 'name';
SQLFiddle: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!12/7639e/1
Why did no-body give the simple answer?
SELECT LAG(word) OVER ( ORDER BY ID ) AS PreviousWord ,
word ,
LEAD(word) OVER ( ORDER BY ID ) AS NextWord
FROM words;
Without subqueries:
SELECT a.word
FROM my_table AS a
JOIN my_table AS b
ON b.word = 'name' AND abs(a.id - b.id) <= 1
ORDER BY a.id
Use Join to get the expected result for SQL Server 2005 plus.
create table words (id integer, word varchar(20));
insert into words
values
(1 ,'my'),
(2 ,'name'),
(3 ,'is'),
(4 ,'joseph'),
(5 ,'and'),
(6 ,'my'),
(7 ,'father'),
(8 ,'name'),
(9 ,'is'),
(10,'brian');
SELECT A.Id , C.word AS PrevName ,
A.word AS CurName ,
B.word AS NxtName
FROM words AS A
LEFT JOIN words AS B ON A.Id = B.Id - 1
LEFT JOIN words AS C ON A.Id = C.Id + 1
WHERE A.Word = 'name'
Result:
Fiddler Demo
Try this
SELECT *
FROM tablename a
WHERE ID IN(SELECT ID - 1
FROM tablename
WHERE word = 'name') -- will fetch previous rows of word `name`
OR ID IN(SELECT ID + 1
FROM tablename
WHERE word = 'name') -- will fetch next rows of word `name`
OR word = 'name' -- to fetch the rows where word = `name`
Here's a different approach, if you want the selects to be fast. It takes a bit of preparation work.
Create a new column (e.g. "phrase") in the database that will contain the words
you want. (i.e. the previous, the current and next).
Write a trigger that on insert appends the new word to the previous
row's phrase and prepends the previous row's word to the new row's word and fills
phrase.
If the individual words can change, you'll need a trigger on update to keep the phrase in sync.
Then just select the phrase. You get much better speed, but at the cost of extra storage and slower insert and harder maintainability. Obviously you have to update the phrase column for the existing records, but you have the SQL to do that in the other answers.