I want to make an array and put into it two id's, but I got a mistake:
array value must start with “{” or dimension information
ids_list character varying[] := ' || (SELECT COALESCE(quote_literal((array_agg(DISTINCT house_guid)) || ''',''' || quote_literal(array_agg(DISTINCT guid))), 'NULL') FROM tb) || ';
use array_agg function
with t1 as
(
select * from
(
select 'test_SQL_01' as ID
union
select 'test_SQL_02_PQR_01'
union
select 'test_SQL_03_055'
union
select 'test_SQL_04_ABC_99'
) as t
) select array_agg(ID) from t1
You seem to be using this inside a PL/pgSQL function. You should be using SELECT ... INTO variable FROM... instead:
declare
ids_list character varying[];
begin
.....
select array_agg(id)
into ids_list
from (
select house_guid
from tab
union
select guid
from tab
) t;
.... work with the ids_list variable
end;
The UNION will automatically remove all duplicates (as you tried to do with DISTINCT.
Related
I have a table whose data is obtained according to the desired output with pivot. But I want to create the number of columns dynamically.
my table :
create table myTable(ROW_NAME varchar(10),COLUMN_NAME varchar(10),COLUMN_NAME_VALUE varchar(10));
table data :
insert into myTable (ROW_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,COLUMN_NAME_VALUE)
select 'ROW1','COL1','R1C1' from dual
union all select 'ROW1','COL2','R1C2' from dual
union all select 'ROW1','COL3','R1C3' from dual
union all select 'ROW2','COL1','R2C1' from dual
union all select 'ROW2','COL2','R2C2' from dual
union all select 'ROW2','COL3','R2C3' from dual
union all select 'ROW3','COL1','R3C1' from dual
union all select 'ROW3','COL2','R3C3' from dual
union all select 'ROW3','COL3','R3C3' from dual
my query :
select * from myTable
pivot (
max (COLUMN_NAME_VALUE)
for COLUMN_NAME
in (
'COL1' as COL1,'COL2' as COL2,'COL3' as COL3
)
)
ORDER BY ROW_NAME;
The above query works but I want to get the columns dynamically.
my dynamic query :
DECLARE
mycols VARCHAR2(1000);
sqlCommand varchar2(1000);
TYPE PivotCurTyp IS REF CURSOR;
pivot_cv PivotCurTyp;
piv_rec mytable%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
select (select LISTAGG(COLUMN_NAME, ',') from myTable group by ROW_NAME FETCH FIRST 1 ROWS ONLY) into mycols from dual;
select Concat('select * from myTable pivot ( max (COLUMN_NAME_VALUE) for COLUMN_NAME in (',Concat(mycols,')) ORDER BY ROW_NAME;')) into sqlCommand from dual;
OPEN pivot_cv FOR sqlCommand;
LOOP
FETCH pivot_cv INTO piv_rec;
EXIT WHEN pivot_cv%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ROW_NAME: ' || piv_rec.ROW_NAME || ' COL1: ' ||
piv_rec.COLUMN_NAME_VALUE || 'COL2: ' || piv_rec.COLUMN_NAME_VALUE || 'COL3: ' || piv_rec.COLUMN_NAME_VALUE);
END LOOP;
CLOSE pivot_cv;
END;
/
Note : The equivalent of the above query can be generated on SQL Server and I have created it.
demo in db<>fiddle
Thanks for any help
There are 3 problems in your script:
semicolon-terminated dynamic query (that's the cause of "SQL command not properly ended")
identifiers in in clause instead of string literals (you can use 'foo' or 'foo' as foo but not foo alone)
improper piv_rec type - use table format after pivot, not before pivot
Summary:
DECLARE
mycols VARCHAR2(1000);
sqlCommand varchar2(1000);
TYPE PivotCurTyp IS REF CURSOR;
pivot_cv PivotCurTyp;
type pivotted is record (row_name myTable.row_name%type, col1 myTable.column_name_value%type, col2 myTable.column_name_value%type, col3 myTable.column_name_value%type);
piv_rec pivotted;
BEGIN
select (select LISTAGG('''' || COLUMN_NAME || '''', ',') from myTable group by ROW_NAME FETCH FIRST 1 ROWS ONLY) into mycols from dual;
select Concat('select * from myTable pivot ( max (COLUMN_NAME_VALUE) for COLUMN_NAME in (',Concat(mycols,')) ORDER BY ROW_NAME')) into sqlCommand from dual;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(sqlCommand);
OPEN pivot_cv FOR sqlCommand;
LOOP
FETCH pivot_cv INTO piv_rec;
EXIT WHEN pivot_cv%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ROW_NAME: ' || piv_rec.ROW_NAME || ' COL1: ' ||
piv_rec.COL1 || ' COL2: ' || piv_rec.COL2 || ' COL3: ' || piv_rec.COL3);
END LOOP;
CLOSE pivot_cv;
END;
/
updated db fiddle (BTW composing fiddle was very motivating to help)
If customer first_name-'Monika',
last_name='Awasthi'
Then I am using below query to return value in json format:
SELECT *
FROM
(
SELECT JSON_ARRAYAGG(JSON_OBJECT('CODE' IS '1','VALUE' IS 'Monika'||' '||'Awasthi'))
FROM DUAL
);
It is working fine & give below output:
[{"CODE":"1","VALUE":"Monika Awasthi"}]
But I want one more value which should be reversed means output should be:
[{"CODE":"1","VALUE":"Monika Awasthi"},{"CODE":"2","VALUE":"Awasthi Monika"}]
Kindly give me some suggestions. Thank You
Another approach is to use a CTE to generate the two codes and values; your original version could be written to get the name data from a table or CTE:
-- CTE for sample data
WITH cte (first_name, last_name) AS (
SELECT 'Monika', 'Awasthi' FROM DUAL
)
-- query against CTE or table
SELECT JSON_ARRAYAGG(JSON_OBJECT('CODE' IS '1','VALUE' IS last_name ||' '|| first_name))
FROM cte;
And you could then extend that with a CTE that generates the value with the names in both orders:
WITH cte1 (first_name, last_name) AS (
SELECT 'Monika', 'Awasthi' FROM DUAL
),
cte2 (code, value) AS (
SELECT 1 AS code, first_name || ' ' || last_name FROM cte1
UNION ALL
SELECT 2 AS code, last_name || ' ' || first_name FROM cte1
)
SELECT JSON_ARRAYAGG(JSON_OBJECT('CODE' IS code,'VALUE' IS value))
FROM cte2;
which gives:
JSON_ARRAYAGG(JSON_OBJECT('CODE'ISCODE,'VALUE'ISVALUE))
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
[{"CODE":1,"VALUE":"Monika Awasthi"},{"CODE":2,"VALUE":"Awasthi Monika"}]
db<>fiddle
A simple logic through use of SQL(without using PL/SQL) in order to generate code values as only be usable for two columns as in this case might be
SELECT JSON_ARRAYAGG(
JSON_OBJECT('CODE' IS tt.column_id,
'VALUE' IS CASE WHEN column_id=1
THEN name||' '||surname
ELSE surname||' '||name
END)
) AS result
FROM t
CROSS JOIN (SELECT column_id FROM user_tab_cols WHERE table_name = 'T') tt
where t is a table which hold name and surname columns
Demo
More resilient solution might be provided through use of PL/SQL, even more columns exist within the data source such as
DECLARE
v_jso VARCHAR2(4000);
v_arr OWA.VC_ARR;
v_arr_t JSON_ARRAY_T := JSON_ARRAY_T();
BEGIN
FOR c IN ( SELECT column_id FROM user_tab_cols WHERE table_name = 'T' )
LOOP
SELECT 'JSON_OBJECT( ''CODE'' IS '||MAX(c.column_id)||',
''VALUE'' IS '||LISTAGG(column_name,'||'' ''||')
WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY ABS(column_id-c.column_id))
||' )'
INTO v_arr(c.column_id)
FROM ( SELECT * FROM user_tab_cols WHERE table_name = 'T' );
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'SELECT '||v_arr(c.column_id)||' FROM t' INTO v_jso;
v_arr_t.APPEND(JSON_OBJECT_T(v_jso));
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_arr_t.STRINGIFY);
END;
/
Demo
As I explained in a comment under your question, I am not clear on how you define the CODE values for your JSON string (assuming you have more than one customer).
Other than that, if you need to create a JSON array of objects from individual strings (as in your attempt), you probably need to use JSON_ARRAY rather than JSON_ARRAYAGG. Something like I show below. Incidentally, I also don't know why you needed to SELECT * FROM (subquery) - the outer SELECT seems entirely unnecessary.
So, if you don't actually aggregate over a table, but just need to build a JSON array from individual pieces:
select json_array
(
json_object('CODE' is '1', 'VALUE' is first_name || ' ' || last_name ),
json_object('CODE' is '2', 'VALUE' is last_name || ' ' || first_name)
) as result
from ( select 'Monika' as first_name, 'Awasthi' as last_name from dual )
;
RESULT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[{"CODE":"1","VALUE":"Monika Awasthi"},{"CODE":"2","VALUE":"Awasthi Monika"}]
I have following Block which has a cursor and a select query. I want to pass the output of select, which is comma separated into
the cursor's select statement, into the where clause.
I know below code will throw an error because of SQL query in Declare section but how I achieve this using array or collection.
here, id column is number
code snippet:
declare
test varchar2(30);
SELECT LISTAGG(value, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY value2) into test from table3 where value2=12;
cursor c1 (select * from table where id in (test))
begin
for i in c1 loop
null;
end loop;
end;
Why would you ever do this?
You can simple write you select as:
Select * from table where id in (select value from table3 where value2=12)
Edit:
Also you need to open your cursor c1, for it to work AFAIK.
You can use a collection and the MEMBER OF operator:
Oracle Setup:
CREATE TYPE IntegerList AS TABLE OF NUMBER(8,0);
/
CREATE TABLE table1 ( value, value2 ) AS
SELECT 1, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 4 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 5, 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 7, 2 FROM DUAL;
CREATE TABLE table2 ( id, value ) AS
SELECT 1, 11 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 22 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 33 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 7, 77 FROM DUAL;
PL/SQL:
DECLARE
test IntegerList;
c1 SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT value
BULK COLLECT INTO test
FROM table1;
FOR r IN ( SELECT * FROM table2 WHERE id MEMBER OF test ) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( r.id || ', ' || r.value );
END LOOP;
END;
/
Output:
1, 11
3, 33
7, 77
db<>fiddle here
I'am trying UNION ALL many tables into a new table.The columns of the old tables are the same, but the order of the columns is different, so the below SQL statement will get wrong result:
CREATE TABLE sum_7_2018_xia_weijian
AS
(
SELECT * FROM huiwen
UNION
SELECT * FROM penglai
UNION
SELECT * FROM baoluo
UNION
SELECT * FROM dongge
UNION
SELECT * FROM resultdonglu
UNION
SELECT * FROM resultwencheng
UNION
SELECT * FROM tan_illeg
);
I finally corrected it, but the SQL statements is too redundant:
step 1. get column names of one of the old tables named huiwen
SELECT string_agg(column_name, ',')
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_schema = 'public' AND table_name = 'huiwen';
results:
> string_agg
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> gid,id,geom,sxm,sxdm,sxxzqdm,xzqhdm,xzmc,sfzgjsyd,sfkfbj,sfjbnt,sfld,sflyhx,sfhyhx
step 2. union tables as a new table. I copy the string_agg of table huiwen to each SELECT-UNION to keep the order of columns, this is clumsy.
CREATE TABLE sum_2018_xia_weijian
AS
(
SELECT gid,id,geom,sxm,sxdm,sxxzqdm,xzqhdm,xzmc,sfzgjsyd,sfkfbj,sfjbnt,sfld,sflyhx,sfhyhx
FROM huiwen
UNION ALL
SELECT gid,id,geom,sxm,sxdm,sxxzqdm,xzqhdm,xzmc,sfzgjsyd,sfkfbj,sfjbnt,sfld,sflyhx,sfhyhx
FROM penglai
UNION ALL
SELECT gid,id,geom,sxm,sxdm,sxxzqdm,xzqhdm,xzmc,sfzgjsyd,sfkfbj,sfjbnt,sfld,sflyhx,sfhyhx
FROM baoluo
);
results:
> Query returned successfully: 2206 rows affected, 133 msec execution time.
I tried to do some optimization by pl/pgSQL using Declarations of variable to handle column names, but failed to find any SQL data type can handle this. Using of RECORD result Pseudo-Types ERROR：
CREATE or replace FUNCTION ct() RETURNS RECORD AS $$
DECLARE
clms RECORD;
BEGIN
SELECT column_name INTO clms
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_schema = 'public' AND table_name = 'huiwen';
RETURN clms;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
CREATE TABLE sum_2018_xia_weijian
AS
(
SELECT ct() FROM huiwen
UNION ALL
SELECT ct() FROM penglai
UNION ALL
SELECT ct() FROM baoluo
UNION ALL
SELECT ct() FROM dongge
UNION ALL
SELECT ct() FROM resultdonglu
UNION ALL
SELECT ct() FROM resultwencheng
UNION ALL
SELECT ct() FROM tan_illeg
);
You may use STRING_AGG twice for getting the UNION ALL. You can get all the columns in specific order by explicitly ordering it by column_name in the string_agg.
Here's a generic function which takes an array of tables and a final table name.
CREATE or replace FUNCTION fn_create_tab(tname_arr TEXT[], p_tab_name TEXT)
RETURNS VOID AS $$
DECLARE
l_select TEXT;
BEGIN
select STRING_AGG(query,' UNION ALL ' ) INTO l_select
FROM
(
SELECT 'select ' || string_agg( column_name,','
ORDER BY column_name ) || ' from ' || table_name as query
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_schema = 'public' AND table_name = ANY (tname_arr)
GROUP BY table_name
) s;
IF l_select IS NOT NULL
THEN
EXECUTE format ('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS %I',p_tab_name);
EXECUTE format ('create table %I AS %s',p_tab_name,l_select);
END IF;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
Now, run the function like this:
select fn_create_tab(ARRAY['huiwen','penglai'],'sum_2018_xia_weijian');
Instead of making the programming block complex you can follow some below concepts from the documentation of Union or Union All as it says :
The number of columns in all queries must be the same.
The corresponding columns must have the compatible data type.
The column names of the first query determine the column names of the combined result set.
The GROUP BY and HAVING clauses are applied to each individual query, not the final result set.
The ORDER BY clause is applied to the combined result set, not within the individual result set.
By following the 3rd point make your Union query adjusted to refer to the table whose column order is expected in the result.
We are using a Postgres / PostGis connection to get data that is published via a geoserver.
The Query looks like this at the moment:
SELECT
row_number() over (ORDER BY a.ogc_fid) AS qid, a.wkb_geometry AS geometry
FROM
(
SELECT * FROM test
UNION ALL
SELECT * FROM test1
UNION ALL
SELECT * FROM test2
)a
In our db only valid shapefiles will be imported each in a single table so it would make sense to make the UNION ALL part dynamic (loop over each table and make the UNION ALL statement). Is there a way to do this in a standard Postgres way or do I need to write a function and how would the syntax look like? I am pretty new to SQL.
The shapefiles have a different data structure and only the ogc_fid column and the wkb_geometry column are always available and we would like to union all tables from the DB.
This is just general guidelines you need work in the details specially syntaxis.
You need create a store procedure
Create a loop checking information_schema.tables filter for the tablenames you want
DECLARE
rec record;
strSQL text;
BEGIN
Then create a strSQL with each table
FOR rec IN SELECT table_schema, table_name
FROM information_schema.tables
LOOP
strSQL := strSQL || 'SELECT ogc_fid, wkb_geometry FROM ' ||
rec.table_schema || '.' || rec.table_name || ' UNION ';
END LOOP;
-- have to remove the last ' UNION ' from strSQL
strSQL := 'SELECT row_number() over (ORDER BY a.ogc_fid) AS qid,
a.wkb_geometry AS geometry FROM (' || strSQL || ')';
EXECUTE strSQL;
One solution is to serialize the rest of the columns to json with row_to_json(). (available since PostgreSQL9.2).
For PG9.1 (and earlier) you can use hstore, but note that all values are cast to text.
Why serialize? It is not possible to union rows where the number of colums vary, or the datatypes do not match between the union queries.
I created a quick example to illustrate:
--DROP SCHEMA testschema CASCADE;
CREATE SCHEMA testschema;
CREATE TABLE testschema.test1 (
id integer,
fid integer,
metadata text
);
CREATE TABLE testschema.test2 (
id integer,
fid integer,
city text,
count integer
);
CREATE TABLE testschema.test3 (
id integer,
fid integer
);
INSERT INTO testschema.test1 VALUES (1, 4450, 'lala');
INSERT INTO testschema.test2 VALUES (33, 6682, 'London', 12345);
INSERT INTO testschema.test3 VALUES (185, 8991);
SELECT
row_number() OVER (ORDER BY a.fid) AS qid, a.*
FROM
(
SELECT id, fid, row_to_json(t.*) AS jsondoc FROM testschema.test1 t
UNION ALL
SELECT id, fid, row_to_json(t.*) AS jsondoc FROM testschema.test2 t
UNION ALL
SELECT id, fid, row_to_json(t.*) AS jsondoc FROM testschema.test3 t
) a
SELECT output:
qid id fid jsondoc
1; 1; 4450; "{"id":1,"fid":4450,"metadata":"lala"}"
2; 33; 6682; "{"id":33,"fid":6682,"city":"London","count":12345}"
3; 185; 8991; "{"id":185,"fid":8991}"