My code:
import stuff...
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='C:\\...\\geckodriver.exe')
driver.get('https://webpage.com/')
elems = driver.find_elements_by_CLASS_ID_TEXT_XPATH_WHATEVER_ELSE_BADLY_DOCUMENTED_STUFF
How do I get a list of ALL CSS Selectors, such as Class, ID, p, span, input, button and all other elements from the webpage.com?
If you know a link to a brief and clear info resource with plentiful of examples explaining find_elements_by or Locating Elements in advanced detail, please share here.
edit:
ok, a bit more specific question then, how could I get the list of ALL Class Selectors from a webpage into elems?
elems = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('????')
You could use XPath to search the DOM, there's a good tutorial on using XPath here. You may also find this resource useful which covers using XPath queries with Selenium.
You can use XPath queries with selenium like so:
elements = driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//button')
This code would return all buttons on the page.
elements = driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '[class]')
This would return all the elements that contain a class attribute
I hope this helps.
Related
I'm new to selenium and Below is my HTML and i want to display sons of Dhritrashtra and grandsons of pandu (without using xpath). I've tried methods like getText and getLinkText but it's not working for me. Please help.Thanks.
Kuru
Shantanu
Vichitravirya
Dhritrashtra
DuryodhanaDushasanaDussalanJalagandhaSamaSahaVindhaAnuvindhaDurmukhaChitrasenaDurdarshaDurmarshaDussahaDurmadaVikarnaDushkarnaDurdharaVivinsatiDurmarshanaDurvishahaDurvimochanaDushpradharshaDurjayaJaitraBhurivalaRaviJayatsenaSujataSrutavanSrutantaJayatChitraUpachitraCharuchitraChitrakshaSarasanaChitrayudhaChitravarmanSuvarmaSudarsanaDhanurgrahaVivitsuSubaahuNandaUpanandaKrathaVatavegaNishaginKavashinPaasiVikataSomaSuvarchasasDhanurdharaAyobaahuMahabaahuChithraamgaChithrakundalaBheemarathaBheemavegaBheemabelaUgraayudhaKundhaadharaVrindaarakaDridhavarmaDridhakshathraDridhasandhaJaraasandhaSathyasandhaSadaasuvaakUgrasravasUgrasenaSenaanyAparaajithaKundhasaaiDridhahasthaSuhasthaSuvarchaAadithyakethuUgrasaaiKavachyKradhanaKundhyBheemavikraAlolupaAbhayaDhridhakarmaavuDhridharathaasrayaAnaadhrushyaKundhabhedyViraavyChithrakundalaPradhamaAmapramaadhyDeerkharomaSuveeryavaanDheerkhabaahuKaanchanadhwajaKundhaasyVirajas
Pandu
Yudhishtir
Prativindhya
Bhim
Sutasoma
Ghatotkch
Arjun
Srutakirti
Babhruvahan
Nakul
Satanika
Sahadev
Shrutkarma
Here is the solution for your query:
It's not mandatory to use xpath always. As per the Selenium Documentation & standards, consider the following attributes in sequence: id, name, css, linktext, xpath. If still unable to detect the element try for css/xpath with multiple attributes like class, src, etc.
Once you can identify the element then only you will be able to retrieve the properties of the element like getText() & getLinkText().
Most important, you have provided the copy of the text from the website. It's impossible to identify an an element from the website text to help you out. You need to provide some relevant part of the HTML DOM inorder to enable us to help you. You can look into the PageSource of any webpage to know the properties (id/name/css/xpath) of the elements. For that, while you are on a webpage, you can right-click and select "View Page Source". For Mozilla Firefox you can download & install extensions like Firepath & Firebug to know the properties of an element.
Finally you have to write some code either in Java/Python/C# to open a browser through Selenium of your choice, open a website and perform certain actions with different elements present on the webpage.
Let me know if this answers your question.
I don't know the exact syntax your html has but You can use cssSelector as below per my assumptions of your html elements for both your queries:
1) ul ol ol ol li:nth-child(n) - n= element index
2) ul ol ol ol:nth-child(2) li:nth-child(n) li:nth-child(1) - n= element index
I am trying to get the job description for job search page indeed.com This is how it looks like
Provide technical leadership around
QA
automation to IT teams. Work with various team to promote
QA
processes, practices and standardization....
Any idea how can I get that description? I tried the following:
//span[contains(#class,'summary')]
That does not give me the text description. Should I xpath or is there any other solution? Thanks in advance for your time.
This XPath are correct.
//span[contains(#class,'summary')]
//span[#class='summary']
I'm a Python guy, But I translated it to Java. You can do:
element = driver.findElement(By.name("summary"));
element = driver.findElement(By.className("summary"));
element = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector('span[class="summary"]');
And remember that If you want the element text, every element has the method .getText(), the find* functions only retrieve the element/s.
Double check you were not using driver.findElements(By.xpath()) in plural. In that case you should first retrieve the individual elements. Then access to the .getText() method.
description = driver.findElement(By.className("summary")).getText();
System.out.print(description);
Alternatively you could do:
description = driver.findElement(By.className("summary"));
description_text = description.getAttribute("innerHTML");
System.out.print(description_text);
If your problem is that your element is not visible or reachable (stale). Then you can use javascript.
element = driver.executeScript("return document.querySelector('span[class=\"summary\"]');");
For more reference:
https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html
I have used most of the element locators while testing with Selenium, but very low frequently used the 'TagName' locator. Please give an example.
Now supposing, a software web element does not have any ID or Class Name, then how can we locate that element in Selenium WebDriver? The answer is there are many alternatives of the Selenium WebDriver element locators and one of them is locating an element by tag name.
Locating an element by tag name is not too much popular because in most of cases, we will have other alternatives of element locators. But yes, if there is not any alternative then you can use the element's DOM tag name to locate that element in webdriver.
Here you can select the tagname as a locator like:
// Locating the element by tagName and store its text in variable 'dropdown'.
String dropdown = driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")).getText();
Thanks to the deprecation of By.tagName you should use By.css for Shah's answer...
String dropdown = driver.findElement(By.css("select")).getText();
We use the actual name of the tag like <a> for anchor and <table> for table and input for <input>. This helps to get all the elements with a given tag name.
Example: to select the first element of a given input
var dialog = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("ladialog"));
var save = dialog.FindElements(By.TagName("input"))[0];
save.Click();
Also importantly, the tagName locating strategy can be used to get or fetch all the links on a webpage and print them to console. Try this:
// Get all links in a webpage
List<WebElement> allLinks = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));
System.out.println("Links count is: " + allLinks.size());
for(WebElement link : allLinks)
System.out.println(link.getText());
I am new to Selenium. Not sure how to handle this scenario. I am working on a website which has several buttons with following code,
<a class="Some big class name" datacommunication="SelectItem" token="some token number" model-id="Id1" element="button">
<i class="classname">Book Ticket</i>
</a>
<a class="Some big class name" datacommunication="SelectItem" token="some token number" model-id="Id2" element="button">
<i class="classname">Book Ticket</i>
</a>
I tried to click on it using following commands,
ele = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("Some big class name")); but it fails with following message, Compound class names are not supported. Consider searching for one class name and filtering the results.
ele = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("a[model-id='Id1']")); fails with 'Test method TestBot.HomeTest.bookTicket threw exception:
OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverTimeoutException: Timed out after 10 seconds'
Tried using XPATH,
ele = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("\\\a[#model-id='Id1']")); doesn't work either.
I have no control on html. Can't change it.
Please let me know how to identify elements in such scenarios.
You can't have spaces in class names. Those are actually multiple classes separated by a space. You can find the above elements using a css selector
var ele = driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector(".Some.big.class.name"))
Of course, this will find both elements. To find just the first, you could use
var ele = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("a[model-id='Id1']"))
You can find help on css selectors here: http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_selectors.asp
Update:
I just noticed your XPath appears to have the slashes the wrong way around. If you wish to use XPath, try
//a[#model-id='Id1']
Note, however, that css selectors perform better than XPath.
There are multiple number of ways to locate your WebElement in Selenium WebDriver.
But always remember all are based on you attribute or combination of HTML tags so case could be any of them
1- First way is using id
2- 2nd one is Name
3- Class Name
4- Some time you can used Tagname
5- Some time linkText
6- Some time partial link text
7- Using xpath
8- Using css selector
So in you case we need to take help of Xpath and Css Selector
So xpath of you elements
Syntax : //[#attribute ='value of selected tag']
Example
id1: //a[#model-id='Id1']
id2: //a[#model-id='Id2']
For both element following are the css Selector
Syntax [attribute ='value']
id1:
a[model-id='Id1']
id2:
a[model-id='Id2']
http://www.slideshare.net/weekendtesting/css-selector-29312437
http://www.slideshare.net/weekendtesting/locators-in-selenium-bnt-09
Thanks a lot for help. I have used following code to overcome above mentioned issue,
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));
wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.CssSelector("a[data-model-id='c5']"))).Click();
With above code, I am able to click on the button.
Thanks again for your help and knowledge sharing.
Amit
You can locate by using xpath.
WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[#class='Some big class name']"));
there is difference between findElements and findElement.
FindElement: findElement returns a single element.
FindElements : returns a list of same element.As in this example there are multiple classes with same class name , so use driver.findElements method .
driver.findElements will return a list of all elements with that class name .
Now , you have list of all elements but you want only one of the element.
So iterate over list to get a single element out of a list.
List<WebElement> elementList= driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("Some.big.class.name"));
Iterator itr = elementList.iterator();
while(itr.hasNext())
{
WebElement element = itr.next();
if(element.getAttribute("model-id").equals("Id1")){
element.click();
break;
}//if block ends here
}//while loop ends here
You can also use XPATH , if nothing works
To identify the elements in selenium there are multiple ways.
To see the details please refer BY Class.
Try to find the way which can identify the element uniquely. Start with id if available and if nothing works go for XPATH. XPATH is slower than id and CSS selector.
I have a use case that I need to find all iframe and object tags from the page.
Currently I'm using cssSelector() method. I have noticed that there is also tagName() method.
What is the difference between these 2 methods with the above use case ?
findElement(By.tagName("a_tag")) will find elements by html tags such as <iframe> , <div>. But you can only provide it with html tags, not css classes, etc ...
With findElement(By.cssSelector("a_tag")) you can find elements with html tags but you can also give a css class for example findElement(By.cssSelector("div.myClass"))
For your case you can use :
List<WebElement> iframes = driver.findElements(By.tagName("iframe"))
List<WebElement> objects = driver.findElements(By.tagName("object"))
And then perform a for loop to do your tests
It's recommended to use cssSelector/id/xpath/etc ... By since it will wait for the "needed element" displayed if the element is not present on the page initially.
Because By.cssSelector is more specific, selenium will continue checking if the element exists until the implicit wait (x seconds) times out.
By.Tag is not specific at all. Using By.tagName, selenium will not wait for the element. On findElements(By.tagName("table"), Selenium will return an array of all the tables that are present immediately after the page loads. As the "needed" element is not present yet, it will not be in the array.