Using apache mod_wsgi test error ---windows environment - apache

Question

I have seen many solutions similar to my problem, but there is no one that suits me. Please help me solve it.
First, I want to test my apache's mod_wsgi.
httd.conf:
LoadFile "e:/zt_6.27/python/python35.dll"
LoadModule wsgi_module "e:/zt_6.27/python/lib/site-
packages/mod_wsgi/server/mod_wsgi.cp35-win_amd64.pyd"
WSGIPythonHome "e:/zt_6.27/python"
<VirtualHost *:80>
WSGIScriptAlias /myapp E:\zt_6.27\Apache24\htdocs\myapp.wsgi
<Directory 'E:\zt_6.27\Apache24\htdocs'>
Require all granted
Require host ip
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
myapp.wsgi:
def application(environ,start_response):
status='200 OK'
output='Hello wsgi!'
response_headers=[('Content-type','text/plain'),('Content-Length',str(len(output)))]
start_response(status,response_headers)
return[output]
I restart my apache service,call "http://localhost/myapp".
It return 500 Internal Server Error.
I open the error.log of apache.
it show:
[Fri Aug 10 10:33:35.803119 2018] [wsgi:error] [pid 9252:tid 1408] [client
::1:57261] mod_wsgi (pid=9252): Exception occurred processing WSGI script
'E:/zt_6.27/Apache24/htdocs/myapp.wsgi'.
[Fri Aug 10 10:33:35.803119 2018] [wsgi:error] [pid 9252:tid 1408] [client
::1:57261] TypeError: sequence of byte string values expected, value of type
str found\r
I checked the code carefully and it is no problem.
What did I do wrong?
Other than this,I successfully ran this code yesterday, it went wrong today.
help me please!!

Answer 1

If using Python 3, you must use:
def application(environ,start_response):
status = '200 OK'
output = b'Hello wsgi!'
response_headers = [('Content-type','text/plain'),('Content-Length',str(len(output)))]
start_response(status,response_headers)
return[output]
That is, change to:
output = b'Hello wsgi!'
The list returned, must have byte strings in it, not unicode strings.
To return unicode strings you would need to convert them to byte strings. I cheated here by just marking it as byte string to start with, but you should encode them to byte strings as UTF-8 instead.
I would suggest using a micro framework like Flask as it will handle these sorts of details for you.