Update a table and insert missing records - sql

Question

I have a table with a foreign key column with some NULL records. I can select the records with missing column such as:
SELECT * FROM Outgoing WHERE Receipt_Id IS NULL
Now for each of these records I want to insert a new record in the table Receipts, get the inserted record's Id and set it as the value for Receipt_Id in this record.
Is this possible in a query?

Answer 1

It seems you are looking for inserted table
INSERT INTO Receipts (col1, col2....)
OUTPUT INSERTED.*
INTO #CreatedIds -- TEMP TABLE WHICH HOLDS RECENTLY INERTED DATA INCLUDING Receipt_Id (pk)
SELECT col1, col2....
FROM Outgoing
WHERE Receipt_Id IS NULL
To, see recently inserted records
SELECT c.*
FROM #CreatedIds c -- Note this is a table variable that you need to manual create.

Answer 2

Update: Since you are using Receipt table only as a sequence table. You should follow the updated approach which uses Sequences
Updated Answer:
All you need to do is to create a sequence say Receipts instead of a table with one column. And then update the Outgoing table with sequence numbers.
--create table Outgoing ( id int Primary Key IDENTITY(1,1),data nvarchar(100), record_id int);
--insert into Outgoing values ('john',NULL),('jane',NULL),('jean',NULL);
create sequence dbo.receipts as int start with 1 increment by 1;
update Outgoing
set record_id= NEXT VALUE FOR dbo.receipts
where record_id is null
select * from Outgoing
See working demo
Old Answer below
If you have ID column in both tables you can update Receipt_Id based on this column back into the Outgoing table
So you steps are :
1. insert records
DECLARE #LastRID bigint
SELECT #LastRID= MAX(Id) FROM Receipts
INSERT INTO Receipts(<col list>)
SELECT <col list> FROM Outgoing WHERE Receipt_Id IS NULL
update records based on uniqueness of all columns inserted from Outgoing to receipts using CHECKSUM function
update O
set O.Receipt_Id=R.Id
From Outgoing O
Join Receipts R
on CHECKSUM(o.<col list>)=CHECKSUM(R.<col list>)
and R.Id>#LastRID