Difficulty using SELECT statement in VBA - sql

Question

I'm trying to set command buttons to enter data into a table. If the record already exists I want the button to update it, and if it does not the button needs to create it. Here's a sample of what the table looks like
ID scenarioID reductionID Impact Variable Variable Impact
1 1 1 Safety 4
2 1 1 Environmental 2
3 1 1 Financial 1
In order to accurately locate records, it needs to search for the specific impact variable paired with the scenarioID. I'm trying to use a select statement, but DoCmd.RunSQL doesn't work for select statements, and I'm not sure how else to do it.
Here's the code. I left DoCmd.SQL in front of the select statement for lack of anything else to place there for now.
Private Sub Var1R1_Click() 'Stores appropriate values in tImpact upon click
'Declaring database and setting recordset
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset
Set db = CurrentDb
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("tImpact")
'Declaring Variable as Scenario Choice combobox value
Dim Sc As Integer
Sc = Schoice.Value
'Stores impact variable
Dim impvar1 As String
'Desired impact variable for column 1
impvar1 = DLookup("impactVariable", "tImpactVars", "ID = 1")
DoCmd.RunSQL "SELECT * FROM tImpact WHERE [Impact Variable] = " & impvar1 & " AND scenarioID = " & Sc
If rs.EOF Then
DoCmd.RunSQL "INSERT INTO tImpact(scenarioID, [Impact Variable], [Variable Impact])" & "VALUES (" & Sc & ", " & impvar1 & ", 1)"
MsgBox "Record Added", vbOKOnly
Else
db.Execute "UPDATE tImpact SET [Variable Impact] = 1 WHERE [Impact Variable] = " & impvar1 & " AND scenarioID = " & Sc
MsgBox "Record Updated", vbOKOnly
End If
End Sub
If anyone can tell me how to get that SELECT statement to run, or another way of doing this, that would be great.
Any help is greatly appreciated!

Answer 1

You can use a recordset. In this case a recordset is better, since you only execute the SQL one time, if it returns a record, you "edit" and if not then you "add" with the SAME reocrdset. This approach is FAR less code, and the values you set into the reocrdset does not require messy quotes or delimiters etc.
eg:
scenaridID = 1 ' set this to any number
impvar1 = "Safety" ' set this to any string
updateTo = "Financial"
strSQL = "select * from tImpact where [Impact Variable] = '" & impvar1 & "'" & _
" AND scenaridID = " & scenaridID
Set rst = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(strSQL)
With rst
If .RecordCount = 0 Then
' add the reocrd
.AddNew
Else
.Edit
End If
!scenaridID = scenarid
![Impact Variable] = impvar1
![Variable Impact] = 1
.Update
End With
rst.Close
So you can use the same code for the update and the edit. It just a question if you add or edit.

Answer 2

Use OpenRecordset and retrieve the ID for the record if it exists.
Private Sub Command0_Click()
Dim aLookup(1 To 3) As String
Dim aAction(1 To 3) As String
Dim rs As Recordset
Dim db As Database
'Replace these two constants with where you get the information on your form
Const sIMPVAR As String = "Financial"
Const lSCENID As Long = 1
'Build the SQL to find the ID if it exists
aLookup(1) = "SELECT ID FROM tImpact"
aLookup(2) = "WHERE ScenarioID = " & lSCENID
aLookup(3) = "AND ImpactVariable = """ & sIMPVAR & """"
'Run the sql to find the id
Set db = CurrentDb
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset(Join(aLookup, Space(1)))
If rs.BOF And rs.EOF Then 'it doesn't exist, so build the insert statement
aAction(1) = "INSERT INTO tImpact"
aAction(2) = "(ScenarioID, ImpactVariable, VariableImpact)"
aAction(3) = "VALUES (" & lSCENID & ", '" & sIMPVAR & "', 1)"
Else 'it does exist, so build the update statement
aAction(1) = "UPDATE tImpact"
aAction(2) = "SET VariableImpact = 1"
aAction(3) = "WHERE ID = " & rs.Fields(0).Value
End If
'Run the action query
db.Execute Join(aAction, Space(1))
rs.Close
Set rs = Nothing
Set db = Nothing
End Sub