PermissionError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted while using Selenium with Pythonista on iOS - selenium

Question

I want to create a program in pythonista that can control the web browser. I know Selenium is the best for this but I have tried it on pythonista for my iOS iPhone and I get an error.
This is the code:
from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('http://www.yahoo.com')
Here is the error:
PermissionError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/A2EBDF28-CB6C-4190-8199-7406AA3821A3/Pythonista3/Documents/selen.py", line 3, in <module>
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
File "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/A2EBDF28-CB6C-4190-8199-7406AA3821A3/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-3/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 68, in __init__
self.service.start()
File "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/A2EBDF28-CB6C-4190-8199-7406AA3821A3/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-3/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py", line 76, in start
stdin=PIPE)
File "/var/containers/Bundle/Application/24DD2A57-320E-4E21-9BE2-7C3605830DE0/Pythonista3.app/Frameworks/Py3Kit.framework/pylib/subprocess.py", line 708, in __init__
restore_signals, start_new_session)
File "/var/containers/Bundle/Application/24DD2A57-320E-4E21-9BE2-7C3605830DE0/Pythonista3.app/Frameworks/Py3Kit.framework/pylib/subprocess.py", line 1261, in _execute_child
restore_signals, start_new_session, preexec_fn)
PermissionError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted

Answer 1

This error message...
PermissionError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted
...implies that the ChromeDriver was unable to create a desired new resource e.g. logfile while initializing a new WebDriver and Web Client session.
As per the discussion Pythonista - Limitations due to iOS following are some of the limitations while using Pythonista :
No fork/exec for new processes. Impacts the subprocess module.
Due to missing fork, no full cleanup of process resources (memory, threads, file handles).
No file access outside of application directory.
No /dev/null and other special files.
Limited processing power of devices (compared to typical PC/Mac).
Process usually is stopped/killed after a while.
An simple example is as follows :
>>> import subprocess
>>> subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"])
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Bundle/Application/8C59C68D-71BF-4CBB-90F8-373A1752DEE1/Pythonista.app/pylib/subprocess.py", line 524, in call
return Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs).wait()
File "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Bundle/Application/8C59C68D-71BF-4CBB-90F8-373A1752DEE1/Pythonista.app/pylib/subprocess.py", line 711, in __init__
errread, errwrite)
File "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Bundle/Application/8C59C68D-71BF-4CBB-90F8-373A1752DEE1/Pythonista.app/pylib/subprocess.py", line 1205, in _execute_child
self.pid = os.fork()
OSError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted
What's wrong in your usecase
There can be 2 issues as follows :
When you invoke the following line of code :
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
The ChromeDriver tries to create/modify/access the scoped_directory within the file system. For example on Windows OS :
"chromedriverVersion": "2.35.528161 (5b82f2d2aae0ca24b877009200ced9065a772e73)",
"userDataDir": "C:\\Users\\username\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\scoped_dir5188_12717"
Possibly ChromeDriver is unable to perform this task/method/functionality.
Again when you invoke the following line of code :
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
As per selenium.webdriver.chrome.webdriver ChromeDriver tries to create a logfile within the file system as per the constructor as follows :
class selenium.webdriver.chrome.webdriver.WebDriver(executable_path='chromedriver', port=0, options=None, service_args=None, desired_capabilities=None, service_log_path=None, chrome_options=None)
Possibly ChromeDriver is unable to perform this task/method/functionality,
Due to the above mentioned reasons you are seeing the error :
PermissionError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted
Solution
Incase of any of the above mentioned cases the solution would be to restrict the access/creation of the resources within the application directory only.