Hi I am currently using openpyxl and am trying to swap every empty cell to one with the number 1, and then eventually one filled in with red. Here is my code so far:
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.styles import Color, PatternFill, Font, Border
from openpyxl.utils import column_index_from_string
#redFill = PatternFill(fill_type=None, start_color='F2DCDB', end_color='F2DCDB')
wb = openpyxl.load_workbook('MRR.xlsx')
sheet = wb["Monthly MRR "]
for r in range(7, 793):
for col in range(4,21):
current_cell = sheet.cell(row=r, column=col).value
if current_cell == None:
current_cell = "LL"
wb.save("updatedMRR.xlsx")
Even though I loop through every item, it does not seem to change any of the cells.
You should change your code so that you refer to the actual cell and explicitly check and set its value. Your code currently checks a copy of the value and then overwrites the copy but not the actual cell.
current_cell = sheet.cell(row=r, column=col)
if current_cell.value is None:
current_cell.value = "LL"
PS use ws.iter_rows() rather than your own counter.
Related
Newbie! Please be gentle.
I'm trying to save a worksheet using openpyxl with some formatting.
I have blank/empty cells in my worksheet and I would like to format/fill them.
So. Find all blank/empty cells
Apply PatternFill
import openpyxl
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, Border, Side, Alignment, Protection, Font
from openpyxl.styles import Fill, Color
catalogwb = openpyxl.load_workbook(currentDir + fileName)
catalogws = catalogwb.active
catalogws1 = catalogwb.create_sheet("Sheet2")
testcell = catalogws['B2']
testcell.fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="DDDDDD") #works!
max_row=catalogws.max_row
max_col=catalogws.max_column
print(max_row , max_col)
catalogws.column_dimensions['B'].width = 80
myFill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="DDDDDD")
catalogws.cell(row=max_row,column=max_col).fill = myFill #works!
Spent too much time on this.
Thanks!
The Range.SpecialCells method can be used to return a Range object meeting certain criteria. The type of criteria is specified using an xlCellType constant.
One of those constants (xlCellTypeBlanks) is described as referring to "Empty cells" with no further elaboration.
Does anyone know what definition of "Empty" this method uses? Does it include cells with no values/formulas but various other features (data validation, normal formatting, conditional formatting, etc)?
That type includes the subset of cells in a range that contain neither constants nor formulas. Say starting with an empty sheet we put something in A1 and A10 and then run:
Sub ExtraSpecial()
Set r = Range("A:A").SpecialCells(xlCellTypeBlanks)
MsgBox r.Count
End Sub
we get:
Formatting and Comments are not included. Also note that all the "empty" cells below A10 are also ignored.
Papalew's response noted that "xlCellTypeBlanks" excludes any cells not within a specific version of the "used range" that's calculated in the same way as the special cell type "xlCellTypeLastCell". Through testing I've discovered that "xlCellTypeLastCell" returns the last cell of the "UsedRange" property as of the last time the property was calculated.
In other words, adding a line that references "UsedRange" will actually change the behavior of the SpecialCells methods. This is such unusual/unexpected behavior that I figured I'd add an answer documenting it.
Sub lastCellExample()
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = Sheets.Add
ws.Range("A1").Value = "x"
ws.Range("A5").Value = "x"
ws.Range("A10").Value = "x"
'Initially the "UsedRange" and calculated used range are identical
Debug.Print ws.UsedRange.Address
'$A$1:$A$10
Debug.Print ws.Range(ws.Range("A1"), _
ws.Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell)).Address
'$A$1:$A$10
Debug.Print ws.Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeBlanks).Address
'$A$2:$A$4,$A$6:$A$9
'After deleting a value, "UsedRange" is recalculated, but the last cell is not...
ws.Range("A10").Clear
Debug.Print ws.Range(ws.Range("A1"), _
ws.Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell)).Address
'$A$1:$A$10
Debug.Print ws.Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeBlanks).Address
'$A$2:$A$4,$A$6:$A$10
Debug.Print ws.UsedRange.Address
'$A$1:$A$5
'...until you try again after referencing "UsedRange"
Debug.Print ws.Range(ws.Range("A1"), _
ws.Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell)).Address
'$A$1:$A$5
Debug.Print ws.Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeBlanks).Address
'$A$2:$A$4
End Sub
The definition does indeed contain the idea of having nothing in the cell, i.e. it excludes any cell that contains either:
a numerical value
a date or time value
a text string (even an empty one)
a formula (even if returning an empty string)
an error
a boolean value
But it also excludes any cell that’s not within the range going from A1 to the last used cell of the sheet (which can be identified programmatically through ws.cells.specialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell), or by using the keyboard Ctrl+End).
So if the sheet contains data down to cell C10 (i.e. Ctrl+End brings the focus to cell C10), then running Range("D:D").specialCells(xlCellTypeBlanks) will fail.
NB The range A1 to LastCellUsed can sometimes be different from the used range. That would happen if some rows at the top and/or some columns at on the left never contained any data.
On the other hand, cells that fit the empty definition above will be properly identified no matter any of the followings:
size or colour of font
background colour or pattern
conditional formatting
borders
comments
or any previous existence of these that would later have been cleared.
A bit beside the main subject, let me ask a tricky question related to how the term BLANK might be defined within Excel:
How can a cell return the same value for CountA and CountBlank?
Well, if a cell contains ' (which will be displayed as a blank cell), both CountA and CountBlank will return the value 1 when applied to that cell. My guess is that technically, it does contain something, though it is displayed as a blank cell. This strange feature has been discussed here.
Sub ZeroLengthString()
Dim i As Long
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = ActiveSheet
ws.Range("A2").Value = ""
ws.Range("A3").Value = Replace("a", "a", "")
ws.Range("A4").Value = """"
ws.Range("A6").Value = "'"
ws.Range("A7").Formula= "=if(1=2/2,"","")"
ws.Range("B1").Value = "CountA"
ws.Range("C1").Value = "CountBlank"
ws.Range("B2:B7").FormulaR1C1 = "=CountA(RC[-1])"
ws.Range("C2:C7").FormulaR1C1 = "=CountBlank(RC[-2])"
For i = 2 To 7
Debug.Print "CountA(A" & i & ") = " & Application.WorksheetFunction.CountA(ws.Range("A" & i))
Debug.Print "CountBlank(A" & i & ") = " & Application.WorksheetFunction.CountBlank(ws.Range("A" & i))
Next i
End Sub
In this example, both lines 6 & 7 will return 1 for both CountA and CountBlank.
So the term Blank doesn’t appear to be defined a unique way within Excel: it varies from tool to tool.
I have a scenario where in based on a button searck(click) I need to update one particular cell with value from search result.
The search button TopLeftCell property and OFFSET() method is used to get to the cell to which the value is copied
With Sheets("Test").Shapes("btnSearch").TopLeftCell
.Offset(0, -4).Value = searchResult
End With
But there is a requirement that if there is any columns that was added to later between these cells then offset will have to be changed back again
Is there any way to handle this case so that we don't have to worry about the OFFSET method even when we add/delete a column in between
Please note that these cells are actually part of a list/grid in excel which are dynamically incremented.
Just tested this and it worked:
With Sheets("Test")
Dim resCol As Long
'change myHeader to defined header and row number as needed
resCol = .Rows(1).Find("myHeader").Column
Dim resRow As Long
resRow = .Shapes("btnSearch").TopLeftCell.Row
.Cells(resRow, resCol).Value = searchResult
End With
There is a column with blocks of file names, and there is a column with keys and values:
I have to assign the link "www.111.com" to all AAAAA.jpg areas, "www.222.com" to BBBBB.jpg areas, etc.
Result:
How can be this done?
I think the following VBA code will help you. It does these steps:
Declare a range ("myRange") and set it to cell A1 (the top cell of your list of .JPGs)
Declare a variant ("hText")
Lookup the value in "myRange" in the lookup table at D:E (change to suit your workbook). Store the value in "hText"
Check if hText is an error (i.e., the value was not found in the lookup table). If it was as error, skip the cell. If it wasn't an error, go to step 5.
Add a hyperlink to the current "myRange" cell. Use the hText as the address, use the text of the current "myRange" cell as the displayed text.
Move "myRange" to the next cell down. Loop steps 3-6 until it reaches an empty cell.
Note that the loop will stop when it reaches an empty cell, so if there is a gap in your list it will not reach the bottom. Also, note that any values that are not found in the lookup table will be skipped (no hyperlink added).
Run this code while the sheet with the list of .JPGs is selected.
Sub AddHyperlinks()
Dim myRange As Range
Set myRange = Range("A1")
Dim hText As Variant
Do Until IsEmpty(myRange)
hText = Application.VLookup(myRange.Value, Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("D:E"), 2, False)
If IsError(hText) Then
hText = ""
Else
ActiveSheet.Hyperlinks.Add Anchor:=myRange, Address:=hText, TextToDisplay:=myRange.Text
hText = ""
End If
Set myRange = myRange.Offset(1, 0)
Loop
End Sub
I need to fill a cell with different colors as in this picture (3 rows are merged vertically and colors are drawn manually in this picture using 3 rectangular shapes):
The only way I could find to fill part of a cell is using conditional formatting (by setting style as data bar and fill as solid) but it support only one color.
Is this possible with or without VBA?
It is possible.
I have found two ways to do that.
1- Using a black square shaped character (character code 2588 – vba: ActiveSheet.Cells(1, 1) = ChrW(&H2588)) and color them according to percentage. This character fills the cell height and also there is no spacing between them which allows filling a cell completely (Sure you should consider left indent in a cell). Only issue here that you cannot use a lot of characters in one cell; I use 30 of them and scale the number of characters according to 30 (ie. 50% red means 15 red character-2588).
2- It is same as what #Doktor Oswaldo has suggested: Inserting a plot in a cell using cell's position and size in pixels. This method has one big advantage: you can show the ratios exactly. In addition, you can fill a data series with a pattern as well. However if you have a lot of plots, you will sacrifice from Excel performance. For plot settings, I use following VBA code:
'Define var's
Dim src As Range, targetCell As Range
Dim chacha As ChartObject
'Set var's
Set src = Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("B1:B3")
Set targetCell = Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("C2")
'Create plot at the target cell
Set chacha = Sheets("Sheet1").ChartObjects.Add(targetCell.Left, targetCell.Top, targetCell.Width, targetCell.Height)
'Change plot settings to fill the cell
With chacha.Chart
.ChartType = xlBarStacked
.SetSourceData Source:=src, PlotBy:=xlRows
.Axes(xlValue).MinimumScale = 0
.Axes(xlValue).MaximumScale = 100
.Axes(xlCategory).Delete
.Axes(xlValue).Delete
.Legend.Delete
.PlotArea.Top = -50
.PlotArea.Left = -50
.PlotArea.Width = targetCell.Width
.PlotArea.Height = targetCell.Height
.ChartGroups(1).GapWidth = 0
End With
chacha.Chart.SeriesCollection(1).Format.Fill.ForeColor.RGB = RGB(255, 0, 0)
chacha.Chart.SeriesCollection(2).Format.Fill.ForeColor.RGB = RGB(0, 0, 255)
chacha.Chart.SeriesCollection(3).Format.Fill.ForeColor.RGB = RGB(255, 255, 0)
In the code I modified the series colors manually which can also be automatized. Following is the screenshot of both methods. The Cell "C1" is filled with block characters and "C2" is a chart.
Note: You might get an error at the line ".PlotArea.Top". To solve this issue, please check: Error setting PlotArea.Width in Excel, VBA (Excel 2010)