How can I convert rows to columns in SQL - sql

Question

I've been referencing this question a lot, but my case is a little different so I haven't quite figured it out.
I have a set of data that looks something like this:
--------------------------------------
| Id | Answer| Question | EntryBy
--------------------------------------
| 1 |John |Name? | User1 |
| 2 |2.4 |Raiting? | User1 |
| 3 |ZH1E4A |UserId? | User1 |
| 4 |Paul |Name? | User1 |
| 5 |2.3 |Raiting? | User1 |
| 6 |Ron |Name? | User2 |
| 7 |857685 |UserId? | User2 |
----------------------------
I need to pivot the data so that it's structured like so:
----------------------------------------------------------
| Category | Name? | Raiting? | UserId? | EntryBy |
----------------------------------------------------------
| Category1| John | 2.4 | ZH1E4A | User1 |
| Category1| Paul | 2.3 | NULL | User1 |
| Category1| Ron | NULL | 857685 | User2 |
As you can see, there are multiple "Questions" but they don't always have an answer/value. I know the exact number of questions that may be asked/answered so I'm assuming that may help if I used a CASE expression?
Note: The 'Category' column in the last table is just another value similar to 'EntryBy' in the first. I've attempted the pivot approach in the cited question, but the results I get are not correct. I also tried the CASE statement but it resulted in an error since the Questions are titled the same.

Answer 1

Being 2008, we lose the sum() over function, but we can simulate it via a cross apply to create a Grp indicator.
This also assumes the ID is sequential (risky) and Name? is the Group Key.
Also, check the spelling of RAITING
Also, I have no idea where Category is coming from
Example
Select [Name?] = max(case when Question = 'Name?' then Answer end)
,[Raiting?] = max(case when Question = 'Raiting?' then Answer end)
,[UserId?] = max(case when Question = 'UserId?' then Answer end)
,[EntryBy?] = max([EntryBy])
From (
Select A.*
,B.Grp
From YourTable A
Cross Apply (Select Grp=count(*) from YourTable where Question='Name?' and ID<=A.ID) B
) A
Group By Grp
Returns
Name? Raiting? UserId? EntryBy?
John 2.4 ZH1E4A User1
Paul 2.3 NULL User1
Ron NULL 857685 User2

Answer 2

This only does a single parse of the table (or "Values Table Expression") for this one, compared to John's, which does 2:
WITH VTE AS (
SELECT *
FROM (VALUES
(1,'John ','Name? ','User1'),
(2,'2.4 ','Raiting?','User1'),
(3,'ZH1E4A','UserId? ','User1'),
(4,'Paul ','Name? ','User1'),
(5,'2.3 ','Raiting?','User1'),
(6,'Ron ','Name? ','User2'),
(7,'857685','UserId? ','User2'),
(8,'Steve ','Name? ','User3'),
(9,'2.5 ','Raiting?','User3'),
(10,'Jane ','Name? ','User3'),
(11,'GA18S1','UserId? ','User3'),
(12,'2.3 ','Raiting?','User3'),
(13,'ABH12D','UserId? ','User3')) V(ID, Answer, Question, EntryBy)),
Groups AS(
SELECT *,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY ID ASC) -
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY CASE WHEN Question = 'Name?' THEN 0 ELSE 1 END ORDER BY ID ASC) AS Grp
FROM VTE)
SELECT 'Category1' AS Category,
MAX(CASE Question WHEN 'Name?' THEN Answer ELSE NULL END) AS [Name?],
MAX(CASE Question WHEN 'Raiting?' THEN Answer ELSE NULL END) AS [Raiting?],
MAX(CASE Question WHEN 'UserID?' THEN Answer ELSE NULL END) AS [UserID?],
EntryBy
FROM Groups
GROUP BY CASE Grp WHEN 0 THEN Grp + 1 ELSE Grp END,
EntryBy
ORDER BY CASE Grp WHEN 0 THEN Grp + 1 ELSE Grp END;
I also added a few extra values to display what happens if the sequencing goes wrong.
Result set:
Category Name? Raiting? UserID? EntryBy
--------- ------- -------- ------- -------
Category1 John 2.4 ZH1E4A User1
Category1 Paul 2.3 NULL User1
Category1 Ron NULL 857685 User2
Category1 Steve 2.5 NULL User3
Category1 Jane 2.3 GA18S1 User3