In Oracle 12c WITH FUNCTION was introduced. Simply:
WITH FUNCTION f_double(i IN INT) RETURN INT
AS
BEGIN
RETURN i*2;
END;
SELECT f_double(t.c)
FROM(SELECT 10 AS c FROM dual UNION SELECT 20 FROM dual) t;
-- output:
20
40
Now if I try to use it inside PL/SQL block:
DECLARE
TYPE t_i IS TABLE OF INT;
v_i t_i;
BEGIN
WITH FUNCTION f_double(i IN INT) RETURN INT
AS
BEGIN
RETURN i*2;
END;
SELECT f_double(t.c)
BULK COLLECT INTO v_i
FROM(SELECT 10 AS c FROM dual UNION SELECT 20 FROM dual) t;
FOR i IN v_i.FIRST..v_i.LAST LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('v_i => ' || v_i(i));
END LOOP;
END;
And it will end with error:
ORA-06550: line 5, column 19:
PL/SQL: ORA-00905: missing keyword
ORA-06550: line 5, column 5:
PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
ORA-06550: line 10, column 5:
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "SELECT"
Of course I could use simple trick with dynamic SQL to make it work:
DECLARE
TYPE t_i IS TABLE OF INT;
v_i t_i;
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE q'{
WITH FUNCTION f_double(i IN INT) RETURN INT
AS
BEGIN
RETURN i*2;
END;
SELECT f_double(t.c)
FROM(SELECT 10 AS c FROM dual UNION SELECT 20 FROM dual) t
}' BULK COLLECT INTO v_i;
FOR i IN v_i.FIRST..v_i.LAST LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('v_i => ' || v_i(i));
END LOOP;
END;
Output:
v_i => 20
v_i => 40
Now I wonder why the second example does not work (using common-table-expression WITH clause works as it should). Maybe I am missing something really obvious or it is limitation of WITH FUNCTION.
References to official documentation are welcomed.
Related
I have a package which contains a procedure in which I need to query a list of id numbers, which are varchar2. I will have to query this same list multiple times, and I'd rather not have redo the query. Ideally I'd like to make a function in my package that would return the list of id numbers. So I could load the array of id numbers into a variable, and then use that variable as a table throughout my procedure. I've been googling like crazy and it just doesn't seem like it's possible. Is there some way to do this?
Note: I'm not able to create a new type at the schema level, and it won't let me do this with a local collection type.
Also, I would prefer not to use dynamic sql; the main query in my procedure is enormous, and I don't want to deal with a string of that size.
I want to do something like this:
id_number_list array_type := my_function();
select *
from my_table mt
left join table(id_number_list) idl on mt.id_number = idl.column_value;
EDIT: Thanks for your help so far! MTO's answer works for a select statement join, like I described above. However, I also need to delete from the table where the id_number is in the list. This gives me an "invalid data type" error. What could explain this? The data type should always be the same: varchar2(10).
Here I create the type at package level:
type string_list is table of varchar2(10);
Then I create a function that returns the list of id numbers (for our purposes, the "action" is always c_action_refresh, so the if statement is true):
function get_modified_ids(scope in smallint, action in smallint) return string_list is
modified_ids string_list := string_list();
last_refreshed date;
begin
last_refreshed := get_last_refreshed_date(scope,action);
if action = c_action_refresh then
select id_number
bulk collect into modified_ids
from(
select id_number
from adv.hr_giving cg
join adv.pbi_dates d
on d.DATE_FULL = trunc(cg.processed_date)
where d.RELATIVE_DATE >= last_refreshed
and d.RELATIVE_DATE <= trunc(CURRENT_DATE)
and cg.fiscal_year >= adv.current_fiscal_year - 6
union
select gi.gift_donor_id as id_number
from adv.gift gi
where gi.date_added >= last_refreshed
or gi.date_modified >= last_refreshed
union
select p.pledge_donor_id as id_number
from adv.pledge_rev p
where p.date_added >= last_refreshed
or p.date_modified >= last_refreshed
union
select a.id_number
from adv.affiliation a
where a.date_added >= last_refreshed
or a.date_modified >= last_refreshed
);
end if;
return(modified_ids);
end get_modified_ids;
Then, in my procedure, I initialize a variable by calling the function:
modified_ids string_list := get_modified_ids(scope,action);
Then I try to use the list in a delete statement:
delete from advrpt.pbi_gvg_profile_ag p
where p.id_number in
(select column_value from table(modified_ids));
This gives the error ORA-00902: invalid datatype. The type of id_number is varchar2(10). And again, it works fine in a join in a select statement.
So why am I getting this error?
Don't use a variable in the package (as there would only be a single variable and if your procedure is called twice in short succession then the second set of values would overwrite the first and potentially cause issues if that happened mid-way through processing the first invocation).
Instead, create a user-defined collection type:
CREATE TYPE number_list IS TABLE OF NUMBER;
And pass a collection as an argument to the procedure:
CREATE PROCEDURE your_procedure (
i_numbers IN number_list,
o_cursor1 OUT SYS_REFCURSOR,
o_cursor2 OUT SYS_REFCURSOR
)
IS
BEGIN
OPEN o_cursor1 FOR
SELECT *
FROM your_table
WHERE id MEMBER OF i_numbers;
OPEN o_cursor2 FOR
SELECT y.*
FROM your_table y
INNER JOIN TABLE(i_numbers) n
ON (y.id = n.COLUMN_VALUE);
END;
/
Then call it using, for example:
DECLARE
v_cur1 SYS_REFCURSOR;
v_cur2 SYS_REFCURSOR;
v_id your_table.id%TYPE;
v_value your_table.value%TYPE;
BEGIN
your_procedure(number_list(1,5,13), v_cur1, v_cur2);
LOOP
FETCH v_cur1 INTO v_id, v_value;
EXIT WHEN v_cur1%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_id || ', ' || v_value);
END LOOP;
END;
/
Or create the type as part of your package:
CREATE PACKAGE your_package AS
TYPE number_list IS TABLE OF NUMBER;
PROCEDURE your_procedure (
i_numbers IN number_list,
o_cursor1 OUT SYS_REFCURSOR,
o_cursor2 OUT SYS_REFCURSOR
);
END;
/
Then create the package body:
CREATE PACKAGE BODY your_package AS
PROCEDURE your_procedure (
i_numbers IN number_list,
o_cursor1 OUT SYS_REFCURSOR,
o_cursor2 OUT SYS_REFCURSOR
)
IS
BEGIN
OPEN o_cursor1 FOR
SELECT *
FROM your_table
WHERE id IN (SELECT COLUMN_VALUE FROM TABLE(i_numbers));
OPEN o_cursor2 FOR
SELECT y.*
FROM your_table y
INNER JOIN TABLE(i_numbers) n
ON (y.id = n.COLUMN_VALUE);
END;
END;
/
Note: The MEMBER OF operator only works with collections defined in the SQL scope and not collections defined locally in a PL/SQL scope.
Then call it using, for example:
DECLARE
v_cur1 SYS_REFCURSOR;
v_cur2 SYS_REFCURSOR;
v_id your_table.id%TYPE;
v_value your_table.value%TYPE;
BEGIN
your_package.your_procedure(your_package.number_list(1,5,13), v_cur1, v_cur2);
LOOP
FETCH v_cur1 INTO v_id, v_value;
EXIT WHEN v_cur1%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_id || ', ' || v_value);
END LOOP;
END;
/
fiddle
To me, it looks as if you have it all. If not, here's an example.
Function:
SQL> create or replace function f_test
2 return sys.odcinumberlist
3 is
4 begin
5 return sys.odcinumberlist(10, 20);
6 end;
7 /
Function created.
How to use it?
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> declare
2 id_number_list sys.odcinumberlist := f_test;
3 begin
4 for cur_r in (select e.deptno, e.ename
5 from emp e join table(id_number_list) idl on idl.column_value = e.deptno
6 order by 1, 2
7 )
8 loop
9 dbms_output.put_line(cur_r.deptno ||' '|| cur_r.ename);
10 end loop;
11 end;
12 /
10 CLARK
10 KING
10 MILLER
20 ADAMS
20 FORD
20 JONES
20 SCOTT
20 SMITH
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
I have a table called 'config' and when I query it in following manner:
SELECT value FROM config WHERE property = 'SPECIAL_STORE_ID'
its response will be: 59216;131205;76707;167206 //... (1)
I want to tokenize the above values using semicolon as the delimiter and then use them in a user-defined Function's IF statement to compare, something like this:
IF in_store_id exists in (<delimited response from (1) above>)//...(2)
THEN do some stuff
where in_store_id is the parameter passed-in to the function
Is this possible to do as one-liner in (2) above ?
I'm on Oracle 12c
One-liner? I don't think so, but - if you're satisfied with something like this, fine.
SQL> select * From config;
VALUE PROPERTY
-------------- ----------------
7369;7499;7521 SPECIAL_STORE_ID
SQL> declare
2 in_store_id varchar2(20) := 7369;
3 l_exists number;
4 begin
5 select instr(value, ';' || in_store_id || ';')
6 into l_exists
7 from config
8 where property = 'SPECIAL_STORE_ID';
9
10 if l_exists > 0 then
11 dbms_output.put_line('that STORE_ID exists in the value');
12 else
13 dbms_output.put_line('that STORE_ID does not exist in the value');
14 end if;
15 end;
16 /
that STORE_ID exists in the value
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
If the delimited response is a collection then you can use member of to check if the collection contains the ID or not like
create or replace procedure test_procedure2(p_property in varchar2, p_id in varchar2) is
type test_t is table of varchar2(20);
l_ids test_t;
begin
select regexp_substr(value, '[^;]+', 1, level) bulk collect into l_ids
from (select value from config where property = p_property)
connect by level <= regexp_count(value, ';')+1;
if(p_id member of (l_ids)) then
dbms_output.put_line('Do stuff for '||p_property||' '||p_id);
end if;
end;
/
or do it without the collection with intermediate select like
create or replace procedure test_procedure1(p_property in varchar2, p_id in varchar2) is
l_flag number(3);
begin
select count(1) into l_flag from dual where p_id in (
select regexp_substr(value, '[^;]+', 1, level)
from (select value from config where property = p_property)
connect by level <= regexp_count(value, ';')+1
);
if(l_flag > 0) then
dbms_output.put_line('Do stuff for '||p_property||' '||p_id);
end if;
end;
/
See fiddle
it is possible to use the with structure with a function inside a cursor, I don't know if I am declaring it inappropriately, I am getting the following error using with function inside procedure pl sql statement is not supported
CURSOR c_detail IS
WITH
FUNCTION CALC_NUMBER(FOB_ITEM NUMBER DEFAULT 0,
FOB_TOTAL NUMBER DEFAULT 0,
WEIGHT NUMBER DEFAULT 0) RETURN NUMBER
IS
PESO_BRUTO_ITEM NUMBER :=0;
BEGIN
IF( (FOB_ITEM > 0) AND (FOB_TOTAL > 0 AND WEIGHT> 0 )) THEN
PESO_BRUTO_ITEM := (FOB_ITEM * WEIGHT) / FOB_TOTAL;
END IF;
RETURN PESO_BRUTO_ITEM;
END CALC_NUMBER;
test_data AS
(
SELECT 36.25 AS FOB_I, 12536.36 AS FOB_TOTAL, 362 AS W FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 15.36 AS FOB_I, 3678.65 AS FOB_TOTAL, 362 AS W FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 878.77 AS FOB_I, 89653.13 AS FOB_TOTAL, 362 AS W FROM dual
)
SELECT TD.FOB_I,
TD.FOB_TOTAL,
CALC_NUMBER(TD.FOB_I, TD.FOB_TOTAL, TD.W) WEIGHT
FROM test_data TD
[TL;DR] You can declare a function in a sub-query factoring clause but (as Justin Cave points out) it only works when you are executing the query as dynamic SQL and support for using functions in static SQL within a cursor may be available in future database versions.
This sub-query factoring clause with a function works outside of a cursor:
WITH
FUNCTION with_function(
p_id IN NUMBER
) RETURN NUMBER
IS
BEGIN
RETURN 42 + p_id;
END;
test_data ( id ) AS (
SELECT LEVEL FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 3
)
SELECT id,
with_function( id )
FROM test_data;
Trying to put it into a cursor (in Oracle 18c):
DECLARE
p_id NUMBER;
p_fn NUMBER;
CURSOR c_detail IS
WITH
FUNCTION with_function(
p_id IN NUMBER
) RETURN NUMBER
IS
BEGIN
RETURN 42 + p_id;
END;
test_data ( id ) AS (
SELECT LEVEL FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 3
)
SELECT id,
with_function( id )
FROM test_data;
BEGIN
OPEN c_detail;
LOOP
FETCH c_detail INTO p_id, p_fn;
EXIT WHEN c_detail%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( p_id || ', ' || p_fn );
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_detail;
END;
/
Outputs the error:
ORA-06550: line 7, column 14:
PL/SQL: ORA-00905: missing keyword
ORA-06550: line 6, column 3:
PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
ORA-06550: line 13, column 5:
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "END" when expecting one of the following:
begin function pragma procedure subtype type <an identifier>
<a double-quoted delimited-identifier> current cursor delete
exists prior
Removing the function then the cursor works:
DECLARE
p_id NUMBER;
CURSOR c_detail IS
WITH
test_data ( id ) AS (
SELECT LEVEL FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 3
)
SELECT id
FROM test_data;
BEGIN
OPEN c_detail;
LOOP
FETCH c_detail INTO p_id;
EXIT WHEN c_detail%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( p_id );
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_detail;
END;
/
So it is not an issue with using a sub-query factoring clause in a cursor.
Executing the cursor as dynamic SQL query:
DECLARE
p_id NUMBER;
p_fn NUMBER;
c_detail SYS_REFCURSOR;
p_sql VARCHAR2(4000) := 'WITH
FUNCTION with_function(
p_id IN NUMBER
) RETURN NUMBER
IS
BEGIN
RETURN 42 + p_id;
END;
test_data ( id ) AS (
SELECT LEVEL FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 3
)
SELECT id,
with_function( id )
FROM test_data';
BEGIN
OPEN c_detail FOR p_sql;
LOOP
FETCH c_detail INTO p_id, p_fn;
EXIT WHEN c_detail%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( p_id || ', ' || p_fn );
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_detail;
END;
/
Works and outputs:
1, 43
2, 44
3, 45
So it appears that, yes, you can declare a function in a sub-query factoring clause but it only works when you are executing the query as dynamic SQL.
db<>fiddle here
The error message clearly says you can't do what you are after, but then you will not have to if your cursor looks like following
CURSOR c_detail IS
WITH test_data AS(
SELECT 36.25 AS FOB_I, 12536.36 AS FOB_TOTAL, 362 AS W FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 15.36 AS FOB_I, 3678.65 AS FOB_TOTAL, 362 AS W FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 878.77 AS FOB_I, 89653.13 AS FOB_TOTAL, 362 AS W FROM dual
)
SELECT TD.FOB_I,
TD.FOB_TOTAL,
CASE WHEN TD.FOB_I > 0 AND TD.FOB_TOTAL > 0 AND TD.W > 0
THEN (TD.FOB_I * TD.W) / TD.FOB_TOTAL
ELSE 0
END WEIGHT
FROM test_data TD
;
I want to create a function that returns multiple rows into a table that is of object type.
I have created an object and a nested table object and now when I run the function there is an error which says
PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
PL/SQL: ORA-00947: not enough values
-- Object type creation
create or replace type test_object_sn as object
(
column_1 varchar2(30),
column_2 varchar2(30),
column_3 number
);
-- Table of object
create or replace type test_otable_sn as table of test_object_sn;
-- function (where I get an error)
create or replace function load_test_object_sn
return test_otable_sn
as
details test_otable_sn;
begin
with ad as (select 'a', 'b', 4 from dual
union all
select 'r', '5', 3 from dual
union all
select 'g', 's', 3 from dual)
select * into details from ad;
return details;
end;
I want to have the test_otable_sn table object loaded with the data and then query it using the table() function via my load_test_object_sn function
e.g. select * from table(load_test_object_sn);
Update:
do you know how to modify this for scenario whereby I have an sql
statement contained in a string variable to execute?
Yes, we can use a cursor reference (SYS_REFCURSOR) and OPEN/FETCH/CLOSE instead of a CURSOR and CURSOR FOR LOOP.
The syntax is OPEN <cursor-reference> FOR <string-containing-sql-statement> . See below.
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION load_test_object_sn
RETURN test_otable_sn
AS
details test_otable_sn := test_otable_sn();
-- Variable stores SQL statement for cursor
l_sql CLOB :=
q'[with ad as (
select 'a' column_1, 'b' column_2, 4 column_3 from dual union all
select 'r', '5', 3 from dual union all
select 'g', 's', 3 from dual
)
select *
from ad]';
-- Cursor reference allows us to open cursor for SQL statement above
rc SYS_REFCURSOR;
-- Define object instance to store each row fetched from the cursor
l_obj test_object_sn := test_object_sn(NULL, NULL, NULL);
i PLS_INTEGER := 1;
BEGIN
-- Explicitly open, fetch from, and close the cursor
OPEN rc FOR l_sql;
LOOP
FETCH rc INTO l_obj.column_1, l_obj.column_2, l_obj.column_3;
EXIT WHEN rc%NOTFOUND;
details.extend();
details(i) := test_object_sn(l_obj.column_1, l_obj.column_2, l_obj.column_3);
i := i + 1;
END LOOP;
CLOSE rc;
RETURN details;
END;
Original answer:
Unfortunately, one can't use SELECT * INTO with a collection in this manner, so here's an alternative way to populate the table:
create or replace function load_test_object_sn
return test_otable_sn
as
details test_otable_sn := test_otable_sn();
cursor c_ad is
with ad as (select 'a' column_1, 'b' column_2, 4 column_3 from dual
union all
select 'r', '5', 3 from dual
union all
select 'g', 's', 3 from dual)
select * from ad;
i pls_integer := 1;
begin
for ad_rec in c_ad loop
details.extend();
details(i) := test_object_sn(ad_rec.column_1, ad_rec.column_2, ad_rec.column_3);
i := i + 1;
end loop;
return details;
end;
/
Output:
SQL> SELECT * FROM TABLE(load_test_object_sn);
COLUMN_1 COLUMN_2 COLUMN_3
---------- ---------- ----------
a b 4
r 5 3
g s 3
I want to use this array in 'select from..where..in(YYY)' statement.
I don't want to iterate through array values, I want to use it whole in my select statement.
Unfortunately, I found only how to iterate it:
1 declare
2 type array is table of varchar2(30) index by binary_integer;
3 a array;
4 procedure p( array_in array )
5 is
6 begin
7 for i in 1..array_in.count loop
8 dbms_output.put_line( array_in(i) );
9 end loop;
10 end;
11 begin
12 a(1) := 'Apple';
13 a(2) := 'Banana';
14 a(3) := 'Pear';
15 p( a );
16 end;
17 /
You can do this by creating a function returning your array. Then you can use it into a select:
Create external types and function
create or replace type t_array is table of varchar2(30);
create or replace function list_of_fruits
return t_array
is
l_ t_array:=t_array();
begin
l_.extend(); l_(l_.COUNT) := 'Apple';
l_.extend(); l_(l_.COUNT) := 'Banana';
l_.extend(); l_(l_.COUNT) := 'Pear';
return l_;
end list_of_fruits;
/
And here is how to use it:
select * from (
select 'Peter' this_and_that from dual
union all select 'Joy' from dual
union all select 'God' from dual
union all select 'Pear' from dual
union all select 'Man' from dual
)
where this_and_that in (
select column_value from (table( list_of_fruits() ))
);
The trick here is to use the table() function to make a SQL usable list for your select; also difficult for me was to discover the name of that column_value... which is some built-in constant from Oracle: how do you guess that?
You can use oracle defined collection to achieve this as well. Please see below and example.
declare
a sys.odcivarchar2list;
begin
a := sys.odcivarchar2list('Apple','Banana','Pear');
for r in ( SELECT m.column_value m_value
FROM table(a) m )
loop
dbms_output.put_line (r.m_value);
end loop;
end;