SQL Server - Compatibility Level 2000
Person table - PersonId, PersonName, etc.. (~1200 records)
Two user functions - GetPersonAddress(#PersonId), GetPaymentAddress(#PersonId)
These two functions return data in a table with Street, City etc...(one record in the return table for the PersonId)
I have to create a view that joins the person table with these two user functions by passing in the person id.
Limitations:
Cross Apply is not supported on a function in SQL Server 2000
Cursor, temp table and temp variables are not supported in views so that I can loop upon the person table and call the functions.
Can someone help?
You could create functions GetPeopleAddresses() and GetPaymentsAddresses() which return PersonId as a field and then you can use them in JOIN:
SELECT t.PersonId, PersonName, etc..., a1.Address, a2.Address
FROM YourTable t
LEFT JOIN GetPeopleAddresses() a1 ON a1.PersonId = t.PersonId
LEFT JOIN GetPaymentsAddresses() a2 ON a2.PersonId = t.PersonId
Of course, your functions have to return only unique records
I'm afraid that you can't do that with a view in SQL Server 2000 because of the limitations you listed. The next best option as suggested in the comments is a stored procedure that returns the rows that would return the view.
If you need to use the results of the procedure in another query, you can insert the values returned by the procedure in a temporal table. Is not pretty, and you have to make two DB calls (one for creating/populating the temp table, and the other for using it), but it works. For example:
create table #TempResults (
PersonID int not null,
Name varchar(100),
Street varchar(100),
City varchar(100),
<all the other fields>
constraint primary key PK_TempResults (PersonID)
)
insert into #TempResults
exec spTheProcedureThatReplaceTheView #thePersonID
go -- end of the first DB call
select <fields>
from AnotherTable
join #TempResults on <condition>
-- don't forget to drop table when you don't need its current data anymore
drop table #TempResults
Related
I have 2 databases in SQL Server, DB1 has multiple tables and some of the tables are updated with new records continuously. DB2 has only 1 table which should contain all the combined info from the multiple tables in DB1, and needs to be updated every 2 hours.
For example, DB1 has 3 tables: "ProductInfo", "StationRecord", "StationInfo". The first 2 tables both have a timestamp column that indicates when a record is created (i.e. the two tables are updated asynchronously, ONLY when a product passes all stations in "StationRecord" will "ProductInfo" be updated with a new product), and the last table is fixed.
The tables are as follows:
USE DB1
GO
CREATE TABLE ProductInfo
ProductID bigint Primary Key NOT NULL
TimeCreated datetime
ProductName nvarchar(255)
CREATE TABLE StationRecord
RecordID bigint Primary Key NOT NULL
TimeCreated datetime
ProductID bigint NOT NULL
StationID bigint
CREATE TABLE StationInfo
StationID bigint Primary Key NOT NULL
BOM_used nvarchar(255)
DB2 has only 1 table which contains a composite PK of "ProductID" & "StationID", as follows:
CREATE TABLE DB2.BOMHistory AS
SELECT
DB1.ProductInfo.ProductID
DB1.ProductInfo.TimeCreated AS ProductCreated
DB1.StationInfo.StationID
DB1.StationInfo.BOM_used
FROM DB1.ProductInfo
JOIN DB1.StationRecord
ON DB1.ProductInfo.ProductID = DB1.StationRecord.ProductID
JOIN DB1.StationInfo
ON DB1.StationRecord.StationID = DB1.StationInfo.StationID
constraint PK_BOMHistory Primary Key (ProductID,StationID)
I figured out the timing portion which is to use create a job with some pre-set schedules, and the job is to execute a stored procedure. The problem is how to write the stored procedure properly, which has to do the following things:
wait for the last product to pass all stations (and the "stationInfo" table is updated fully)
find all NEW records generated in this cycle in the tables in DB1
combine the information of the 3 tables in DB1
insert the combined info into DB2.BOMHistory
Here's my code:
ALTER Procedure BOMHistory_Proc
BEGIN
SELECT
DB1.ProductInfo.ProductID,
DB1.ProductInfo.TimeCreated AS ProductCreated
DB1.StationInfo.StationID,
DB1.StationInfo.BOM_used
into #temp_BOMList
FROM DB1.ProductInfo
JOIN DB1.StationRecord
ON DB1.ProductInfo.ProductID = DB1.StationRecord.ProductID
JOIN DB1.StationInfo
ON DB1.StationRecord.StationID = DB1.StationInfo.StationID
ORDER BY ProductInfo.ProductID
END
SELECT * from #temp_BOMList
INSERT INTO DB2.BOMHistory(ProductID, ProductCreated, StationID, BOM_used)
SELECT DISTINCT (ProductID, stationID)
FROM #temp_BOMList
WHERE (ProductID, stationID) NOT IN (SELECT ProductID, stationID FROM DB2.BOMHistory)
The Condition in the INSERT statement is not working, please provide some advice.
Also, should I use a table variable or a temp table for this application?
Try:
INSERT INTO DB2.BOMHistory(ProductID, ProductCreated, StationID, BOM_used)
SELECT DISTINCT tb.ProductID, tb.ProductCreated, tb.StationID, tb.BOM_used
FROM #temp_BOMList tb
WHERE NOT EXISTS
(SELECT * FROM DB2.BOMHistory WHERE ProductID = tb.ProductID AND StationID = tb.StationID)
I didn't find a working solution for creating a "lookup column" in a Firebird database.
Here is an example:
Table1: Orders
[OrderID] [CustomerID] [CustomerName]
Table2: Customers
[ID] [Name]
When I run SELECT * FROM ORDERS I want to get OrderID, CustomerID and CustomerName....but CustomerName should automatically be computed by looking for the "CustomerID" in the "ID" column of "Customer" Table, returning the content of the "Name" column.
Firebird has calculated fields (generated always as/computed by), and these allow selecting from other tables (contrary to an earlier version of this answer, which stated that Firebird doesn't support this).
However, I suggest you use a view instead, as I think it performs better (haven't verified this, so I suggest you test this if performance is important).
Use a view
The common way would be to define a base table and an accompanying view that gathers the necessary data at query time. Instead of using the base table, people would query from the view.
create view order_with_customer
as
select orders.id, orders.customer_id, customer.name
from orders
inner join customer on customer.id = orders.customer_id;
Or you could just skip the view and use above join in your own queries.
Alternative: calculated fields
I label this as an alternative and not the main solution, as I think using a view would be the preferable solution.
To use calculated fields, you can use the following syntax (note the double parentheses around the query):
create table orders (
id integer generated by default as identity primary key,
customer_id integer not null references customer(id),
customer_name generated always as ((select name from customer where id = customer_id))
)
Updates to the customer table will be automatically reflected in the orders table.
As far as I'm aware, the performance of this option is less than when using a join (as used in the view example), but you might want to test that for yourself.
FB3+ with function
With Firebird 3, you can also create calculated fields using a trigger, this makes the expression itself shorter.
To do this, create a function that selects from the customer table:
create function lookup_customer_name(customer_id integer)
returns varchar(50)
as
begin
return (select name from customer where id = :customer_id);
end
And then create the table as:
create table orders (
id integer generated by default as identity primary key,
customer_id integer not null references customer(id),
customer_name generated always as (lookup_customer_name(customer_id))
);
Updates to the customer table will be automatically reflected in the orders table. This solution can be relatively slow when selecting a lot of records, as the function will be executed for each row individually, which is a lot less efficient than performing a join.
Alternative: use a trigger
However if you want to update the table at insert (or update) time with information from another table, you could use a trigger.
I'll be using Firebird 3 for my answer, but it should translate - with some minor differences - to earlier versions as well.
So assuming a table customer:
create table customer (
id integer generated by default as identity primary key,
name varchar(50) not null
);
with sample data:
insert into customer(name) values ('name1');
insert into customer(name) values ('name2');
And a table orders:
create table orders (
id integer generated by default as identity primary key,
customer_id integer not null references customer(id),
customer_name varchar(50) not null
)
You then define a trigger:
create trigger orders_bi_bu
active before insert or update
on orders
as
begin
new.customer_name = (select name from customer where id = new.customer_id);
end
Now when we use:
insert into orders(customer_id) values (1);
the result is:
id customer_id customer_name
1 1 name1
Update:
update orders set customer_id = 2 where id = 1;
Result:
id customer_id customer_name
1 2 name2
The downside of a trigger is that updating the name in the customer table will not automatically be reflected in the orders table. You would need to keep track of these dependencies yourself, and create an after update trigger on customer that updates the dependent records, which can lead to update/lock conflicts.
No need here a complex lookup field.
No need to add a persistant Field [CustomerName] on Table1.
As Gordon said, a simple Join is enough :
Select T1.OrderID, T2.ID, T2.Name
From Customers T2
Join Orders T1 On T1.IDOrder = T2.ID
That said, if you want to use lookup Fields (as we do it on a Dataset) with SQL you can use some thing like :
Select T1.OrderID, T2.ID,
( Select T3.YourLookupField From T3 where (T3.ID = T2.ID) )
From Customers T2 Join Orders T1 On T1.IDOrder = T2.ID
Regards.
I'm trying to wrap by brain around how to use pivot tables for a query I need. I have 3 database tables. Showing relevant columns:
TableA: Columns = pName
TableB: Columns = GroupName, GroupID
TableC: Columns = pName, GroupID
TableA contains a list of names (John, Joe, Jack, Jane)
TableB contains a list of groups with an ID#. (Soccer|1, Hockey|2, Basketball|3)
TableC contains a list of the names and the group they belong to (John|1, John|3, Joe|2, Jack|1, Jack|2, Jack|3, Jane|3)
I need to create a matrix like grid view using a SQL query that would return a list of all the names from TableA (Y-axis) and a list of all the possible groups (X-axis). The cell values would be either true or false if they belong to the group.
Any help would be appreciated. I couldn't quite find an existing answer that helped.
You might try it like this
Here I set up a MCVE, please try to create this in your next question yourself...
DECLARE #Name TABLE (pName VARCHAR(100));
INSERT INTO #Name VALUES('John'),('Joe'),('Jack'),('Jane');
DECLARE #Group TABLE(gName VARCHAR(100),gID INT);
INSERT INTO #Group VALUES ('Soccer',1),('Hockey',2),('Basketball',3);
DECLARE #map TABLE(pName VARCHAR(100),gID INT);
INSERT INTO #map VALUES
('John',1),('John',3)
,('Joe',2)
,('Jack',1),('Jack',2),('Jack',3)
,('Jane',3);
This quer will collect the values and perform PIVOT
SELECT p.*
FROM
(
SELECT n.pName
,g.gName
,'x' AS IsInGroup
FROM #map AS m
INNER JOIN #Name AS n ON m.pName=n.pName
INNER JOIN #Group AS g ON m.gID=g.gID
) AS x
PIVOT
(
MAX(IsInGroup) FOR gName IN(Soccer,Hockey,Basketball)
) as p
This is the result.
pName Soccer Hockey Basketball
Jack x x x
Jane NULL NULL x
Joe NULL x NULL
John x NULL x
Some hints:
You might use 1 and 0 instead of x as SQL Server does not know a real boolean
You should add a pID to your names. Never join tables on real data (unless it is something unique and unchangeable [which means never acutally!!!])
UPDATE dynamic SQL (thx to #djlauk)
If you want a query which deals with any amount of groups you have to to this dynamically. But please be aware, that you loose the chance to use this in ad-hoc-SQL like in VIEW or inline TVF, which is quite a big backdraw...
CREATE TABLE #Name(pName VARCHAR(100));
INSERT INTO #Name VALUES('John'),('Joe'),('Jack'),('Jane');
CREATE TABLE #Group(gName VARCHAR(100),gID INT);
INSERT INTO #Group VALUES ('Soccer',1),('Hockey',2),('Basketball',3);
CREATE TABLE #map(pName VARCHAR(100),gID INT);
INSERT INTO #map VALUES
('John',1),('John',3)
,('Joe',2)
,('Jack',1),('Jack',2),('Jack',3)
,('Jane',3);
DECLARE #ListOfGroups VARCHAR(MAX)=
(
STUFF
(
(
SELECT DISTINCT ',' + QUOTENAME(gName)
FROM #Group
FOR XML PATH('')
),1,1,''
)
);
DECLARE #sql VARCHAR(MAX)=
(
'SELECT p.*
FROM
(
SELECT n.pName
,g.gName
,''x'' AS IsInGroup
FROM #map AS m
INNER JOIN #Name AS n ON m.pName=n.pName
INNER JOIN #Group AS g ON m.gID=g.gID
) AS x
PIVOT
(
MAX(IsInGroup) FOR gName IN(' + #ListOfGroups + ')
) as p');
EXEC(#sql);
GO
DROP TABLE #map;
DROP TABLE #Group;
DROP TABLE #Name;
I suspect it may be laborious to keep the pivot up to date if categories are added. Or maybe I just prefer Excel (if you ignore one major advantage). The following approach could be helpful too, assuming you do have Office 365.
I added the three tables using 3 CREATE TABLE statements and 3 INSERT statements based on the code I saw above. (The solutions make use of temporary tables to insert specific values, but I believe you already have the data in your three tables, called TableA, TableB, TableC).
CREATE TABLE TestName (pName VARCHAR(100));
INSERT INTO TestName VALUES('John'),('Joe'),('Jack'),('Jane');
CREATE TABLE TestGroup (gName VARCHAR(100),gID INT);
INSERT INTO TestGroup VALUES ('Soccer',1),('Hockey',2),('Basketball',3);
CREATE TABLE Testmap (pName VARCHAR(100),gID INT);
INSERT INTO Testmap VALUES
('John',1),('John',3)
,('Joe',2)
,('Jack',1),('Jack',2),('Jack',3)
,('Jane',3);
Then, in MS Excel, I added (there may be a shorter sequence but I'm still exploring) the three tables as queries from database > sql server database. After adding them, I added all three to the Data Model (I can elaborate if you ask).
I then inserted PivotTable from the ribbon, chose External data source, but opened the Tables tab (instead of Connections tab), to find my data model (mine was top of the list) and I clicked Open. At some point Excel prompted me to create relationships between tables and it did a good job of auto generating them for me.
After minor tweaks my PivotTable came out like this (I could also ask Excel to show the data as a PivotChart).
Pivot showing groups as columns and names as rows.
The advantage is that you don't have to revisit the PIVOT code in SQL if the list (of groups) changes. As I think someone else mentioned, consider using ids for pName as well, or another way to ensure that you are not stuck the next day if you have two persons named John or Jack.
In Excel you can choose when to refresh the data (or the pivot) and, after refresh, any additional categories will be added and counted.
i have an employee database table with a column NAME
in the NAME field we have names of employees like this -> LI-MING (ALLEN)
this is there real first name and there English nick name in ()
i would like to know if i can swap this around in an SQL UPDATE query
FROM: LI-MING (ALLEN) TO: ALLEN (LI-MING)
the reason why i would like this is Users want to have it sort this column by nick name
Try this
UPDATE Employee
SET NAME =
SUBSTRING(name,CHARINDEX('(',name)+1,(CHARINDEX(')',name)-CHARINDEX('(',name)-1))+
' ('+SUBSTRING(name,1,CHARINDEX('(',name)-1)+')'
FROM Employee
If I were you I would create seperate colums both for name and nick name. Trying to get a string portion on the fly prevent sql server from using indexes which might be really importand from performance perspective.
So there are basicly two options:
Parse values for seperate columns every time you update or insert a new employee (via TRIGGER, application code, etc).
Or just create two calculated columns but make sure they are marked as PERSISTED.
Hope it helps!
I had worked on several project and I have done it my way to update same issue that you been through in 3 steps:
1) Create table with ID or Name field and Insert the values to the table
2) Trim the values with different functions and insert the final value to different table.
3) Update the old table with the new value
I don't say this is the only way to do thing but there might be other ways as well.
Create table #Employee(
EmployeeName varchar(200)
)
Insert into #Employee
Select 'LI-MING (ALLEN)' union all
Select 'Jio-Kio (Smith)'
Select
substring(employeename,1,patindex('%(%',employeename)-1),
--Len(substring(employeename,1,patindex('%(%',employeename)-1)),
Right(employeename,len(employeename)-(len(substring(employeename,1,patindex('%(%',employeename)))))
from #Employee
Create table #EmployeeNew(
Employeename1 varchar(200),
Employeename2 varchar(200)
)
Insert into #EmployeeNew(Employeename1, Employeename2)
Select
ltrim(rtrim(substring(employeename,1,patindex('%(%',employeename)-1))),
ltrim(rtrim(Right(Employeename,charindex('(',employeename,1)-3)))
from #Employee
Select * from #Employee
Select * from #EmployeeNew
Select cast('('+Employeename1+')'+left(employeename2,len(employeename2)-1) as varchar(200)) from #EmployeeNew
Update e
Set e.EmployeeName = cast('('+e1.Employeename1+')'+left(e1.employeename2,len(e1.employeename2)-1) as varchar(200))
from #Employee e
left outer join #EmployeeNew e1 on ltrim(rtrim(substring(e.employeename,1,patindex('%(%',e.employeename)-1))) =e1.Employeename1
I'm using two Stored Procedures and two Table in My Sql Server.
First Table Structure.
Second Table Structure.
When a Customer books a Order then the Data will be Inserted in Table 1.
I'm using a Select Query in another Page Which Selects the Details from the Second Table.
If a row with a billno from first table is not Present in Second Table I want to Insert into the Second Table with some Default Values in the Select Query. How can I do this
??
If you want to insert in the same query, you will have to create a stored procedure. There you'll query if row exists in second table, and, if not, insert a new entity in second table.
Your code should look something like this:
-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Routine DDL
-- Note: comments before and after the routine body will not be stored by the server
-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELIMITER $$
CREATE DEFINER=`table`#`%` PROCEDURE `insertBill`(IN billNo int, val1 int, val2 int, val3 int)
BEGIN
DECLARE totalres INT DEFAULT 0;
select count(*) from SECOND_TABLE where Bill_Number = billNo INTO totalres;
IF totalres < 1 THEN
INSERT into SECOND_TABLE values(val1,val2,val3);
END IF;
END
Val1,val2 and val3 are the valuest to be inserted into second table.
Hope this helps.
What you do is to LEFT JOIN the two tables and then select only the ones where the second table had no row to join, meaning the bill number were missing.
In the example below, you can replace #default_inform_status and #default_response_status with your default values.
INSERT INTO second_table (Bill_Number, Rest_Inform_Status, Rest_Response_Status)
SELECT ft.Bill_Number, #default_inform_status, #default_response_status
FROM first_table ft
LEFT JOIN second_table st
ON st.Bill_Number = ft.Bill_number
WHERE st.Bill_Number IS NULL
If it is possible to have duplicates of the same Bill_Number in the first table, you should also add a DISTINCT after the SELECT. But considering the fact that it is a primary key, this is no issue for you.