Oracle SQL: Extract Date & Time from Timestamp Timezone - sql

I have a START_DATE column in my table with values in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS AM/PM GMT. I'm trying to insert those values into another table but i'm getting a date format not recognized error. How do I fix this?
Sample SQL statement
INSERT INTO TABLE2 (
DATE_WITH_TIMEZONE,
DATE_WITHOUT_TIMEZONE
)
SELECT
TO_TIMESTAMP(START_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS AM TZD'),
TO_DATE(TO_TIMESTAMP(START_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS AM TZD'), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS AM')
FROM TABLE_DATE
Sample Data
2016-01-21 09:31:49 AM GMT
2016-02-22 06:37:32 PM GMT
2016-02-23 07:10:52 PM GMT
2016-03-15 08:54:40 PM GMT
2016-03-16 12:10:52 AM GMT
If it helps, these are the datatypes of the two columns in TABLE2
DATE_WITH_TIMEZONE TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
DATE_WITHOUT_TIMEZONE DATE

I have a START_DATE column in my table with values in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS AM/PM GMT
Assuming that your START_DATE column is of the DATE data type then your statement is incorrect; a DATE column has no format and it is stored internally as 7-bytes. It is only when it is passed to the user interface you are using to access the database that that UI will format the date (and not the database). SQL/Plus and SQL developer will format the date using the NLS_DATE_FORMAT session parameter (which is set per user session and can be changed) so relying on this format can lead to "interesting" bugs where the code you are using does not change but will start and stop working for different users depending on their session settings.
You can just do:
INSERT INTO TABLE2 (
DATE_WITH_TIMEZONE,
DATE_WITHOUT_TIMEZONE
)
SELECT FROM_TZ( CAST( START_DATE AS TIMESTAMP ), 'GMT' ),
START_DATE
FROM TABLE_DATE;
If your START_DATE column is of a string datatype (why would you do this?) then you will need to convert it to the appropriate type:
INSERT INTO TABLE2 (
DATE_WITH_TIMEZONE,
DATE_WITHOUT_TIMEZONE
)
SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ( START_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH12:MI:SS AM TZR' ),
CAST( TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ( START_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH12:MI:SS AM TZR' ) AS DATE )
FROM TABLE_DATE;

Related

How to convert VARCHAR (AM/PM) to TIMESTAMP (24 h) in SQL (Teradata v17)

I've tried multiple solutions, but I keep getting errors. I need to create a new column casting VARCHAR to TIMESTAMP that includes AM, PM or -ideally- changes it to 24 hrs format.
VARCHAR format (Start_Date column): 8/3/2022 4:58:49 PM
I found the below solution is some other post, but I'm getting error: 'Format code appears twice'
SELECT itab.*,
TO_TIMESTAMP(Start_Date, 'MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS AM') AS start_TS
FROM db.info_table itab
Please advise.
You have two problems.
MI is the format for minutes, MM is for months (you have it twice, this is why you are getting that error).
Your date/time string has single digit values for month, day, etc. You can use a pretty simple regex for that.
select to_timestamp(regexp_replace('8/3/2022 4:58:49 PM', '\b([0-9])\b', '0\1'), 'MM/DD/YYYY HH:mi:SS AM')
TO_TIMESTAMP returns a TIMESTAMP(6). If you don't want microseconds you can specify the precision using
CAST(RegExp_Replace(start_date, '\b([0-9])\b', '0\1') AS timestamp(0) FORMAT 'MM/DD/YYYYbHH:Mi:SSbT')
All you need is pad day and month in Teradata (as opposed to Oracle etc). m/d/y format has not been implemented.
select '8/3/2022 4:58:49 PM' date1,
to_timestamp(
lpad(strtok(date1,'/',1),2,'0')||'/'||lpad(strtok(date1,'/',2),2,'0')||'/'||strtok(date1,'/',3)
,'mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss AM'
);

Convert date oracle's timestamp to ISO-8601 date datatype [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Timezone date format in Oracle
(2 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
I am looking for a query in Oracle 12c to convert a 18-12-2003 13:15:00 to 2003-12-18T13:15:00+01:00 in European time zone as datetime datatype.
Is that possible or am I missing something?
First you need to convert the string (I assume your input data is a string, rather than proper DATE or TIMESTAMP value), then you can attach the time zone.
There are several time zones in Europe, you must be more specific.
FROM_TZ(TO_TIMESTAMP('18-12-2003 13:15:00', 'DD-MM-YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 'Europe/...')
Once you did that, you can output the result in arbitrary format:
TO_CHAR(
FROM_TZ(TO_TIMESTAMP('18-12-2003 13:15:00', 'DD-MM-YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 'Europe/...'),
'YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZH:TZM'
)
If you want to convert all dates in the column to that format for the time zone CET and you are sure that the offset always is 1, then you could do this:
SELECT TO_CHAR(FROM_TZ(TIMESTAMP '2000-03-28 08:00:00', '1:00'),'YYYY"-"MM"-"DD"T"HH24":"MI":"SSTZR')
FROM DUAL;
However, the question is what to do with daylight savings time. Is the offset going to change when DST goes into effect ? There are a lot of considerations there - this question (credits to #Wernfried Domscheit) has a nice overview.
For example if you data is in UTC time zone and you want to display it in CET, then you could convert it like this:
Note there is 2 hours offset in summer and 1 in winter.
WITH dates (season,dt) AS
(
SELECT 'summer', TO_DATE('01-AUG-2021','DD-MON-YYYY') FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'winter', TO_DATE('01-JAN-2021','DD-MON-YYYY') FROM DUAL
)
SELECT dt,
season,
TO_CHAR(
FROM_TZ( CAST( dt AS TIMESTAMP ), 'UTC' )
AT TIME ZONE 'CET',
'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS TZH:TZM TZR'
) AS cet_timezone
FROM dates;
01-AUG-2021 summer 2021-08-01 02:00:00 +02:00 CET
01-JAN-2021 winter 2021-01-01 01:00:00 +01:00 CET

Casting Local Time to UTC Formating Incorrect

HIRE_DATE is in a 'DATE' column. The timestamp is local (Los Angeles); I would like to convert it to UTC.
I can't for the life of me fathom why the UTC output is mangled (Last 2 digits of YY is the DD; and vice-versa) -- and the time does not convert to UTC.
HIRE_DATE: 30/04/2019 12:00:00 AM
select from_tz(to_timestamp(HIRE_DATE,'DD-MM-YY HH24:MI:SS'), 'America/Los_Angeles') at time zone 'UTC' from TABLE
OUTPUT: 19/04/2030 12:00:00 AM
If HIRE_DATE is a DATE data type then you don't need TO_TIMESTAMP.
TO_TIMESTAMP is used to convert a string (i.e. VARCHAR2) into a TIMESTAMP value but you have a DATE value.
Just do
select from_tz(CAST(HIRE_DATE AS TIMESTAMP), 'America/Los_Angeles') at time zone 'UTC'
from TABLE
Actually I don't understand why FROM_TZ does not accept DATE values whereas almost any other date/timestamp related function accept either DATE or TIMESTAMP value as input.
Note, the default output display format of this query is defined by current user session NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT setting. If you are not satisfied with the output format, either change NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT setting by executing ALTER SESSION SET NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT = '...' or use TO_CHAR function to set output format explicitly.
Instead of
... AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
you can also use
SYS_EXTRACT_UTC(...)
The upper returns a TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE value, the second one returns a TIMESTAMP value.
Would this do any good?
SQL> select from_tz(cast (sysdate as timestamp), 'UTC') result from dual;
RESULT
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27.09.20 10:59:28,000000 UTC
Or, in your case
select from_tz(cast (hire_date as timestamp), 'UTC' from dual
No need to apply any format mask to hire_date as it is a DATE datatype (at least, that's what you said).
You use the word "convert" which can mean one of two things:
change the data type, which is what FROM_TZ does
change the value from one time zone to another, which FROM_TZ does not do.
You didn't give your expected output, so we may misunderstand.
To change the data type:
with data(dte) as (
select date '2019-04-30' + interval '12' hour from dual
)
select from_tz(cast(dte as timestamp), 'America/Los_Angeles') from data
FROM_TZ(CAST(DTEASTIMESTAMP),'AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES')
30-APR-19 12.00.00.000000 PM AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES
To get the simultaneous datetime value in UTC:
with data(dte) as (
select date '2019-04-30' + interval '12' hour from dual
)
select cast(sys_extract_utc(from_tz(cast(dte as timestamp), 'America/Los_Angeles')) as date) from data
CAST(SYS_EXTRACT_UTC(FROM_TZ(CAST(DTEASTIMESTAMP),'AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES'))ASDATE)
2019-04-30 19:00:00

01830. 00000 - "date format picture ends before converting entire input string"

select to_date('13/03/17 05:43:29,000000000 PM -05:00DD/MM/YY HH24:MI:SS') from
irregularities;
How to convert this date to 24-hour format?
You can convert a string to a timestamp with time zone using:
select to_timestamp_tz('13/03/17 05:43:29,000000000 PM -05:00',
'DD/MM/RR HH:MI:SS,FF9 AM TZH:TZM')
from dual;
If you only want a date data type then you can cast it:
select cast(
to_timestamp_tz('13/03/17 05:43:29,000000000 PM -05:00',
'DD/MM/RR HH:MI:SS,FF9 AM TZH:TZM')
as date)
from dual;
If you really only want the string version you can convert it back, which you would usually only do for display:
select to_date(
to_timestamp_tz('13/03/17 05:43:29,000000000 PM -05:00',
'DD/MM/RR HH:MI:SS,FF9 AM TZH:TZM'),
'DD/MM/YYYY HH24:MI:SS')
from dual;
If the original string is coming from a table then just replace the text literal with the column name, and dual with your table name. Of course, that assumes the column is actually a string. If it is actually already a timestamp and your client is just displaying it in a way you don't like, you only need theto_char() part.
Read more about these things in the documentation: to_timestamp_tz, format models, cast() and to_char().

Issue with date in oracle

I am trying to pull date from one table which is in ISO format and then store it in US date format?
Trunc(cast(to_timestamp(ATTRIBUTE_39,'yyyy-mm-dd"T"hh24:mi:ss.ff3"Z"')as date))
Actual output:
4/11/2018 12:00:00 AM
expected output:
4/11/2018
I am trying to pull date from one table which is in ISO format and then store it in US date format?
Dates (and timestamps) do not have a format - they are represented in a table by 7 bytes for a date or 20 bytes for a timestamp.
You can get the value as a DATE data type using TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ and either the TZR or TZH:THM format models to match the time zone region/offset (they will both work with the Zulu time zone region)
SELECT CAST(
TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ(
ATTRIBUTE_39,
'yyyy-mm-dd"T"hh24:mi:ss.ff3TZH:TZM'
) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' -- Convert to a common time zone
AS DATE
)
FROM your_table;
When you select from the table then whatever client program you are using (typically) will implicitly convert the 7-bytes it uses internally to something you, the user, can read - a string. SQL/Plus and SQL Developer use the NLS_DATE_FORMAT session parameter as the format model when they perform this implicit conversion.
So your query is effectively converted to:
SELECT TO_CHAR(
CAST(
TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ(
ATTRIBUTE_39,
'yyyy-mm-dd"T"hh24:mi:ss.ff3TZR'
) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
AS DATE
),
(
SELECT VALUE
FROM NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
WHERE PARAMETER = 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT'
)
)
FROM your_table;
If you want to format a date or a timestamp then you will have to explicitly convert it to a string using TO_CHAR():
SELECT TO_CHAR(
CAST(
TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ(
ATTRIBUTE_39,
'yyyy-mm-dd"T"hh24:mi:ss.ff3TZR'
) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
AS DATE
),
'MM/DD/YYYY'
)
FROM your_table;
Or by altering the NLS_DATE_FORMAT session parameter:
ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';
(Be aware that this will only change the format in the current session and will not change it for any other sessions/users.)
Try this:
select to_char(Trunc(cast(to_timestamp('2016-06-29T13:13:00.123','yyyy-mm-dd"T"hh24:mi:ss.ff3"Z"')as date)),'MM/DD/YYYY') from dual
the default date/time formatting depends on your NLS_DATE_FORMAT setting.