I was studying tis question - How can I find which tables reference a given table in Oracle SQL Developer? ,
And It showed some code to find which tables reference a specified table :
elect table_name, constraint_name, status, owner
from all_constraints
where r_owner = :r_owner
and constraint_type = 'R'
and r_constraint_name in
(
select constraint_name from all_constraints
where constraint_type in ('P', 'U')
and table_name = :r_table_name
and owner = :r_owner
)
order by table_name, constraint_name
So I'm trying to tailor the code to get the tables that refer to a specific column (here , PREPARER_ID ) ; this is what I tried so far :
select column_name, constraint_name, status, owner
from all_constraints
where r_owner = :r_owner
and constraint_type = 'R'
and r_constraint_name in
(
select constraint_name from all_constraints
where constraint_type in ('P', 'U')
and column_name = :r_column_name
and owner = :r_owner
)
ORDER BY column_name, constraint_name
This gives me an error :
ORA-00904: "COLUMN_NAME": invalid identifier
00904. 00000 - "%s: invalid identifier"
*Cause:
*Action:
Error at Line: 103 Column: 8
To query based on the column you need to look at the all_cons_columns view, as well as all_constraints. This doesn't have to use a subquery but following your pattern:
select ac.table_name, acc.column_name, ac.constraint_name, ac.status, ac.owner
from all_constraints ac
join all_cons_columns acc
on acc.owner = ac.owner
and acc.constraint_name = ac.constraint_name
and acc.table_name = ac.table_name
where ac.r_owner = :r_owner
and ac.constraint_type = 'R'
and ac.r_constraint_name in
(
select ac2.constraint_name
from all_constraints ac2
join all_cons_columns acc2
on acc2.owner = ac2.owner
and acc2.constraint_name = ac2.constraint_name
and acc2.table_name = ac2.table_name
where ac2.constraint_type in ('P', 'U')
and acc2.column_name = :r_column_name
and ac2.owner = :r_owner
)
ORDER BY ac.table_name, acc.column_name, acc.constraint_name;
With a sample set-up:
create table parent_table (preparer_id number primary key);
create table child_table (some_col number references parent_table(preparer_id));
And bind settings:
var r_column_name varchar2(30);
var r_owner varchar2(30);
begin
:r_column_name := 'PREPARER_ID';
:r_owner := user;
end;
/
That gets:
TABLE_NAME COLUMN_NAME CONSTRAINT_NAME STATUS OWNER
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------- ----------
CHILD_TABLE SOME_COL SYS_C00101337 ENABLED MY_SCHEMA
I need to know how to find a Primary Key in a table, also if that primary key is referenced in any foreign keys in any table.
Try this:
SELECT u.COLUMN_NAME as PK, cc.TABLE_NAME, cc.COLUMN_NAME, cc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS c
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE u on c.CONSTRAINT_NAME = u.CONSTRAINT_NAME AND c.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS r on u.CONSTRAINT_NAME = r.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cc on cc.CONSTRAINT_NAME = r.CONSTRAINT_NAME
where c.TABLE_NAME = 'your table'
Will give you all tables and columns that are referencing the primary key of the table
SELECT *
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_NAME='tableName'
This will give you your table structure.
To get the priary keys from a table you can use:
select * from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS where CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' and TABLE_NAME = 'yourTable'
and to get it's references you can use
select * from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE where TABLE_NAME = 'yourTable'
I've got an Oracle-DB with ~50 Tables.
Now, i'm looking for all tables with a foreign key to Table 'xyz'.
is there a way to do this?
greetings,
Lea
Foreign keys reference primary (or unique) keys, not tables. So first thing is to establish the primary key(s) for XYZ. Then we can look up the foreign keys which reference it.
select p.constraint_name
, p.constraint_type
, f.owner
, f.table_name
, f.constraint_name
from all_constraints p
left join all_constraints f
on ( f.r_constraint_name = p.constraint_name)
where p.table_name = 'XYZ'
and p.constraint_type in ('P', 'U')
and f.constraint_type = 'R'
I've done this as an OUTER JOIN so it will return something even if no tables reference a key on XYZ. Your table might be referenced by tables in other schemas. That's why I suggest using ALL_CONSTRAINTS rather than USER_CONSTRAINTS.
select fk.table_name from all_constraints fk , all_constraints pk
where
pk.table_name = 'XYZ'
and fk.constraint_type = 'R'
and fk.r_constraint_name = pk.constraint_name
It seems, that you can query User_Constraints view, something like
select distinct Table_Name
from User_Constraints
where Constraint_Type = 'R' and
R_Constraint_Name in (
select Constraint_Name
from User_Constraints
where Constraint_Type = 'P' and
Table_Name = Upper('xyz')) -- <- Your table name
order by Table_Name -- <- may be redundant
for sql try this :
SELECT K.TABLE_NAME ,
K.COLUMN_NAME ,
K.CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS AS C
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS K ON C.TABLE_NAME = K.TABLE_NAME
AND C.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = K.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND C.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = K.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = K.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE C.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' /*FOR FOREIGN KEY U NEED TO REPLACE CONSTRAINT_TYPE WITH FOREIGN KEY*/
AND K.COLUMN_NAME IN ( SELECT COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS )
I want to create query that result like this :
column_name, constraint_name, constraint_type, referenced_table_name, referenced_column_name
but I got a problem when build the referenced_table_name and referenced_column_name
this is my query
SELECT cols.column_name, cons.constraint_name, cons.constraint_type
FROM all_constraints cons, all_cons_columns cols
WHERE cols.table_name = 'EMPLOYEES'
AND cons.owner = 'HR'
AND cons.constraint_name = cols.constraint_name
AND cons.owner = cols.owner
it just show column_name, constraint_name, and constraint_type. How do I show the rest?? Thank's for any help.....
Something like this?
select cols1.column_name
, r1.constraint_name
, r1.constraint_type
, cols2.table_name
, cols2.column_name
from all_constraints r1
, all_cons_columns cols1
, all_cons_columns cols2
WHERE r1.constraint_name = cols1.constraint_name
AND r1.owner = cols1.owner
and r1.r_owner = cols2.owner(+)
and r1.r_constraint_name = cols2.constraint_name(+)
AND cols1.table_name = 'EMPLOYEES'
AND r1.owner = 'HR'
/
In Oracle SQL Developer, if I'm viewing the information on a table, I can view the constraints, which let me see the foreign keys (and thus which tables are referenced by this table), and I can view the dependencies to see what packages and such reference the table. But I'm not sure how to find which tables reference the table.
For example, say I'm looking at the emp table. There is another table emp_dept which captures which employees work in which departments, which references the emp table through emp_id, the primary key of the emp table. Is there a way (through some UI element in the program, not through SQL) to find that the emp_dept table references the emp table, without me having to know that the emp_dept table exists?
No. There is no such option available from Oracle SQL Developer.
You have to execute a query by hand or use other tool (For instance PLSQL Developer has such option). The following SQL is that one used by PLSQL Developer:
select table_name, constraint_name, status, owner
from all_constraints
where r_owner = :r_owner
and constraint_type = 'R'
and r_constraint_name in
(
select constraint_name from all_constraints
where constraint_type in ('P', 'U')
and table_name = :r_table_name
and owner = :r_owner
)
order by table_name, constraint_name
Where r_owner is the schema, and r_table_name is the table for which you are looking for references. The names are case sensitive
Be careful because on the reports tab of Oracle SQL Developer there is the option "All tables / Dependencies" this is from ALL_DEPENDENCIES which refers to "dependencies between procedures, packages, functions, package bodies, and triggers accessible to the current user, including dependencies on views created without any database links.". Then, this report have no value for your question.
To add this to SQL Developer as an extension do the following:
Save the below code into an xml file (e.g. fk_ref.xml):
<items>
<item type="editor" node="TableNode" vertical="true">
<title><![CDATA[FK References]]></title>
<query>
<sql>
<![CDATA[select a.owner,
a.table_name,
a.constraint_name,
a.status
from all_constraints a
where a.constraint_type = 'R'
and exists(
select 1
from all_constraints
where constraint_name=a.r_constraint_name
and constraint_type in ('P', 'U')
and table_name = :OBJECT_NAME
and owner = :OBJECT_OWNER)
order by table_name, constraint_name]]>
</sql>
</query>
</item>
</items>
Add the extension to SQL Developer:
Tools > Preferences
Database > User Defined Extensions
Click "Add Row" button
In Type choose "EDITOR", Location is where you saved the xml file above
Click "Ok" then restart SQL Developer
Navigate to any table and you should now see an additional tab next to SQL one, labelled FK References, which displays the new FK information.
Reference
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/issue-archive/2007/07-jul/o47sql-086233.html
Replace [Your TABLE] with emp in the query below
select owner,constraint_name,constraint_type,table_name,r_owner,r_constraint_name
from all_constraints
where constraint_type='R'
and r_constraint_name in (select constraint_name
from all_constraints
where constraint_type in ('P','U')
and table_name='[YOUR TABLE]');
You may be able to query this from the ALL_CONSTRAINTS view:
SELECT table_name
FROM ALL_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE constraint_type = 'R' -- "Referential integrity"
AND r_constraint_name IN
( SELECT constraint_name
FROM ALL_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE table_name = 'EMP'
AND constraint_type IN ('U', 'P') -- "Unique" or "Primary key"
);
SQL Developer 4.1, released in May of 2015, added a Model tab which shows table foreign keys which refer to your table in an Entity Relationship Diagram format.
SELECT DISTINCT table_name,
constraint_name,
column_name,
r_table_name,
position,
constraint_type
FROM (SELECT uc.table_name,
uc.constraint_name,
cols.column_name,
(SELECT table_name
FROM user_constraints
WHERE constraint_name = uc.r_constraint_name) r_table_name,
(SELECT column_name
FROM user_cons_columns
WHERE constraint_name = uc.r_constraint_name
AND position = cols.position) r_column_name,
cols.position,
uc.constraint_type
FROM user_constraints uc
inner join user_cons_columns cols
ON uc.constraint_name = cols.constraint_name
WHERE constraint_type != 'C')
START WITH table_name = '&&tableName'
AND column_name = '&&columnName'
CONNECT BY NOCYCLE PRIOR table_name = r_table_name
AND PRIOR column_name = r_column_name;
This has been in the product for years - although it wasn't in the product in 2011.
But, simply click on the Model page.
Make sure you are on at least version 4.0 (released in 2013) to access this feature.
How about something like this:
SELECT c.constraint_name, c.constraint_type, c2.constraint_name, c2.constraint_type, c2.table_name
FROM dba_constraints c JOIN dba_constraints c2 ON (c.r_constraint_name = c2.constraint_name)
WHERE c.table_name = <TABLE_OF_INTEREST>
AND c.constraint_TYPE = 'R';
To add to the above answer for sql developer plugin, using the below xml will help in getting the column associated with the foreign key.
<items>
<item type="editor" node="TableNode" vertical="true">
<title><![CDATA[FK References]]></title>
<query>
<sql>
<![CDATA[select a.owner,
a.constraint_name,
a.table_name,
b.column_name,
a.status
from all_constraints a
join all_cons_columns b ON b.constraint_name = a.constraint_name
where a.constraint_type = 'R'
and exists(
select 1
from all_constraints
where constraint_name=a.r_constraint_name
and constraint_type in ('P', 'U')
and table_name = :OBJECT_NAME
and owner = :OBJECT_OWNER)
order by table_name, constraint_name]]>
</sql>
</query>
</item>
</items>
I like to do this with a straight SQL query, rather than messing about with the SQL Developer application.
Here's how I just did it. Best to read through this and understand what's going on, so you can tweak it to fit your needs...
WITH all_primary_keys AS (
SELECT constraint_name AS pk_name,
table_name
FROM all_constraints
WHERE owner = USER
AND constraint_type = 'P'
)
SELECT ac.table_name || ' table has a foreign key called ' || upper(ac.constraint_name)
|| ' which references the primary key ' || upper(ac.r_constraint_name) || ' on table ' || apk.table_name AS foreign_keys
FROM all_constraints ac
LEFT JOIN all_primary_keys apk
ON ac.r_constraint_name = apk.pk_name
WHERE ac.owner = USER
AND ac.constraint_type = 'R'
AND ac.table_name = nvl(upper(:table_name), ac.table_name)
ORDER BY ac.table_name, ac.constraint_name
;
Only Replace table_name with your primary table name
select *
from all_constraints
where r_constraint_name in (
select constraint_name
from all_constraints
where table_name='table_name'
);
Replace MY_OWNER_NAME and MY_TABLE_NAME below and you are ready to go RECURSIVELY:
DECLARE
FUNCTION list_all_child_tables_and_constraints(asked_table_name in VARCHAR2, parent_table_name in VARCHAR2)
RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
current_path VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
FOR item IN
(SELECT fk.TABLE_NAME, constraint_parent.FK FK1, constraint_child.FK FK2
FROM all_constraints fk, all_constraints pk,
(SELECT acc.CONSTRAINT_NAME, LISTAGG(acc.COLUMN_NAME, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY acc.COLUMN_NAME) AS FK
FROM ALL_CONS_COLUMNS acc
WHERE acc.OWNER = 'MY_OWNER_NAME'
GROUP BY acc.CONSTRAINT_NAME) constraint_parent,
(SELECT acc.CONSTRAINT_NAME, LISTAGG(acc.COLUMN_NAME, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY acc.COLUMN_NAME) AS FK
FROM ALL_CONS_COLUMNS acc
WHERE acc.OWNER = 'MY_OWNER_NAME'
GROUP BY acc.CONSTRAINT_NAME) constraint_child
WHERE pk.owner = fk.r_owner
AND pk.constraint_name = fk.r_constraint_name
AND fk.constraint_type = 'R'
AND pk.table_name = asked_table_name
AND constraint_parent.CONSTRAINT_NAME = fk.CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND constraint_child.CONSTRAINT_NAME = fk.R_CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND pk.owner = 'MY_OWNER_NAME'
AND fk.owner = 'MY_OWNER_NAME')
LOOP
current_path := parent_table_name || ' // ' || item.TABLE_NAME;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(current_path);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' [' || item.FK1 || '] [' || item.FK2 || ']');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('');
current_path := list_all_child_tables_and_constraints(item.TABLE_NAME, current_path);
END LOOP;
RETURN '-----------FINISHED-----------';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN '-----------FINISHED-----------';
END list_all_child_tables_and_constraints;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(list_all_child_tables_and_constraints('MY_TABLE_NAME', ''));
END;