How to do concatenation in SQL - sql

How to do concatenation in SQL Server?
I wrote below query and its return always null value. I want to execute if condition for data exists or not
SET #Query = 'SELECT con.ID, BusinessName, FirstName, LastName, con.MobileNo, TelephoneNo,con.Email AS Email,
Address1, ISNULL(con.IsActive,0) AS IsActive, ISNULL(Status,0)AS Status, st.Name AS StatusName, ISNULL(st.ColorID,0)AS ColorID,
(SELECT TOP 1 cfu.Remark FROM CRM_ContactFollowUp cfu WHERE cfu.ContactID = con.ID ORDER BY ID DESC) AS Remark, con.CreatedBy,
emp.Name AS CreatedName,con.CreatedOn, con.DueDate
FROM CRM_Contacts con
LEFT JOIN CRM_Status st ON st.ID = con.Status
LEFT JOIN PMS_Employee emp ON emp.ID=con.CreatedBy
WHERE con.OrganizationID='+ Convert(Varchar,#OrganizationID)+' AND('+#WhereClause +') ORDER BY ID DESC OFFSET ('+ Convert(Varchar,#PageIndex) +')
ROWS FETCH NEXT '+ Convert(Varchar,#PageSize) +' ROWS ONLY';
SET #NextQuery ='IF(EXISTS (SELECT con.ID FROM CRM_Contacts con WHERE con.OrganizationID= '+ Convert(Varchar,#OrganizationID)+' AND
ORDER BY ID DESC OFFSET ('+ Convert(Varchar,#NextPage) +') ROWS FETCH NEXT '+ Convert(Varchar,#PageSize) +' ROWS ONLY) )
SET '+ Convert(Varchar,#IsMoreRecords)+'= 1
ELSE
SET '+ Convert(Varchar,#IsMoreRecords)+'= 0';
EXEC(#Query);
EXEC(#NextQuery);
Here is my complete procedure https://jsfiddle.net/npathak56/aLsngae5/
#Query execute properly but #NextQuery not Executed Why?

I did not run your procedure, as it is too complex to replicate locally, but I don't like this statement:
SET '+ Convert(Varchar,#IsMoreRecords)+'= 1
In my opinion it should be
SET #IsMoreRecords = 1
You want to assign an output variable, but you are using its value.And, of course, so for the second similar statement.
SET #IsMoreRecords = 0

Your most basic problem is that you can't concatenate strings that have single quotes inside them using that method. SQL will interpret those single quotes as part of the concatenation function instead of part of the string. So if you do:
SET #Query = 'SELECT [field] from [table]
where [field] like '%%whatevs%%'
and [field2] like ' + #var
You can see just with the Stack Overflow syntax highlighting that %%whatevs%% ends up outside the string because like uses single quotes. So your query will never work when written like that.

Related

Dynamic delete based on update table

I want to write a dynamic script that removes duplicates. I want to try and avoid a CURSOR so I've been looking into writing strings instead that will have table in one column and corresponding table attributes in another. I have also tried dynamic SQL using WITH. But this is what I have so far. This I intend to use as parameters in dynamic SQL later on
STUFF example. However this results in repeating the same column names for every row:
select name as table_name,
stuff(( select ', ' +char(10)+ ac.[name] FROM DW.sys.columns ac
inner join DW.sys.tables t on ac.object_id=t.object_id
where ac.name not in ('ModifiedOn','ValidFrom','ValidTo')
FOR XML PATH('')
), 1, 1, '')
from sys.tables
What I want is this output:
TableName || ColumnName
table1 || aa,ab,ac
table2 || ba,bb,bc
table3 || ca,cb,cc
My idea is to use this to this effect or similair:
'WITH DELETEDUPLICATE AS (
SELECT '+#ColumnName+',
ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY '+#ColumnName+' ORDER BY '+#ColumnName+') AS Duplicate_Row_Count
FROM '+#TableName+'
)
DELETE
FROM DELETEDUPLICATE
WHERE Duplicate_Row_Count > 1
Any ideas appreciated!
UPDATE:
With satishcse's suggestion i get the table I wanted. I had problem with getting multiple rows in the dynamic WITH step so I just removed that part as a varaible (removed away 'SET #WITH =' ). But how to execute every row? what i get now is:
WITH DELETEDUPLICATE AS(....
For every table per row
In OpenQuery you have to run the query using execute() function. The answer can solve your problem, but I do not suggest you use OpenQuery.
declare #query as nvarchar(max)
set
#query =
'WITH DELETEDUPLICATE AS (
SELECT '+#ColumnName+',
ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY '+#ColumnName+' ORDER BY '+#ColumnName+') AS Duplicate_Row_Count
FROM '+#TableName+'
)
DELETE
FROM DELETEDUPLICATE
WHERE Duplicate_Row_Count > 1'
execute(#query)
try the following for the first part:
select name as table_name,
stuff(( select ', ' +char(10)+ ac.[name] FROM DW.sys.columns ac
inner join DW.sys.tables t on ac.object_id=t.object_id
where ac.name not in ('ModifiedOn','ValidFrom','ValidTo')
and st.name = t.name
order by 1
FOR XML PATH('')
), 1, 1, '')
from sys.tables st

How to use the dynamic column name from the table in a where clause

I am trying to get the dynamic column names from the table using the 'INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS' Following is the query.
Select COLUMN_NAME into #TempTable
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
where TABLE_NAME = 'MyTable'
Result:
COLUMN_NAME
Person_ID
Person_Name
Person_Address
Wanting to Do:
Select * from MyTable where Person_ID = 1
What can be the ways to use the Person_ID from 1st query to the second query?
You can use dynamic SQL to execute this via the EXEC command.
Build a VARCHAR string for your query based on the dynamic column names you are getting from your first query, then EXEC on the string you have created.
You have not provided enough information on exactly what columns you need in your WHERE clause, or how you determine which ones, but dynamic SQL seems to be what you need here.
if you are trying to do something like this
select * from [table] where [col] =#param
then you can use query like below
declare #query nvarchar(max)
select
#query='select * from '+t.name +
' where '+c.name + ' ='+
case
when c.name ='Person_ID' then '1'
when c.name ='Someother_ID' then '10'
else c.name
end
from sys.tables t join sys.columns c
on c.object_id=t.object_id
and t.name ='MyTable'
exec( #query)

Dynamic Pivot in MS SQL Server

I am trying to do a dynamic pivot on the last two columns that i take from one table and am joining onto the contents of another table. I need the Name values to pivot to the header fields and the Value values to fill in correspondingly underneath. This is my current query:
USE Innovate
DECLARE #DynamicPivotQuery AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE #ColumnName AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
--Get distinct values of the PIVOT Column
SELECT #ColumnName= ISNULL(#ColumnName + ',','')
+ QUOTENAME(NAME)
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT NAME FROM Innovate.dbo.Table1 WHERE Name IS NOT NULL) AS ATTRIBUTE_NAME
WHERE Name LIKE 'Suture_-_2nd_Needle_Code'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Absorbable'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Antibacterial'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Armed'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Barbed'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Brand_Name'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_C/R_2nd_Needle_Code'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_C/R_Brand_Name'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_C/R_length'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_C/R_Needle_Code'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Coating'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Dyed'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Filament'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_length_inches'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Looped'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Material'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Needle_Code'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Needle_Shape'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Needle_Style'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Noun'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_pleget'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Popoff'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Suture_count'
OR Name LIKE 'Suture_-_Suture_size'
--Prepare the PIVOT query using the dynamic
SET #DynamicPivotQuery =
N'SELECT Table1.Primary_Key, Company_Name, Part_Number, Product_Desc, Innovate_Description, ' + #ColumnName + '
FROM Table1 AS P
LEFT JOIN Table2 AS A ON P.Primary_Key = A.Primary_Key
PIVOT(MAX(A.VALUE)
FOR A.NAME IN (' + #ColumnName + ')) AS PVTTable'
--Execute the Dynamic Pivot Query
EXECUTE sp_executesql #DynamicPivotQuery
;
And this is the Result for the Query that I keep getting: Msg 8156,
Level 16, State 1, Line 5 The column 'Primary_Key' was specified
multiple times for 'PVTTable'. Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 The
multi-part identifier "Table1.Primary_Key" could not be bound.
Can anyone help me pivot these columns without the error message? I only specified the Primary_Key in the code once so I do not know how I specified it multiple times and how it is unbound.
Try with the below script..
SET #DynamicPivotQuery =
N'SELECT P.Primary_Key, Company_Name, Part_Number, Product_Desc, Innovate_Description, ' + #ColumnName + '
FROM Table1 AS P
LEFT JOIN Table2 AS A ON P.Primary_Key = A.Primary_Key
PIVOT(MAX(A.VALUE)
FOR A.NAME IN (' + #ColumnName + ')) AS PVTTable'
--Execute the Dynamic Pivot Query
EXECUTE sp_executesql #DynamicPivotQuery
you have a couple of things going on with your PIVOT statement that are problematic. First you are attempting to reference table aliases for Table1 and Table2 but those aliases are not available in the final select of a PIVOT the Pivot command is kind of like an outer select and the only table alias that is then available is the pivot alias.
Next pivot's documenation states "You can use the PIVOT and UNPIVOT relational operators to change a table-valued expression into another table" (https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177410(v=sql.105).aspx). Basically that means that you need a single table expression of only the uniquely named columns you want to be involved pivot being passed to the PIVOT command. The later part is likely the issue as Table1 and Table2 probably both have a column Primary_Key so pivot doesn't understand the reference.
To fix you can either move your Table1 & 2. join to an inner select and alias the table or build a cte and use the cte in your command. Here is the former way:
SET #DynamicPivotQuery =
N'SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT Table1.Primary_Key, Company_Name, Part_Number, Product_Desc, Innovate_Description, ' + #ColumnName + '
FROM Table1 AS P
LEFT JOIN Table2 AS A ON P.Primary_Key = A.Primary_Key
) t
PIVOT(MAX(A.VALUE)
FOR NAME IN (' + #ColumnName + ')) AS PVTTable'
Those Name values get hardcoded to calculate that #ColumnName variable.
If the values are hardcoded anyway, then you might as well run the pivot with a join without building a SQL statement to execute.
SELECT A.Company_Name, A.Part_Number, A.Product_Desc, A.Innovate_Description, P.*
FROM (select Primary_Key, Name, Value from Innovate.dbo.Table1) T1
PIVOT(MAX(VALUE) FOR NAME IN (
[Suture_-_2nd_Needle_Code],
[Suture_-_Absorbable],
[Suture_-_Antibacterial],
[Suture_-_Armed],
[Suture_-_Barbed],
[Suture_-_Brand_Name],
[Suture_-_C/R_2nd_Needle_Code],
[Suture_-_C/R_Brand_Name],
[Suture_-_C/R_length],
[Suture_-_C/R_Needle_Code],
[Suture_-_Coating],
[Suture_-_Dyed],
[Suture_-_Filament],
[Suture_-_length_inches],
[Suture_-_Looped],
[Suture_-_Material],
[Suture_-_Needle_Code],
[Suture_-_Needle_Shape],
[Suture_-_Needle_Style],
[Suture_-_Noun],
[Suture_-_pleget],
[Suture_-_Popoff],
[Suture_-_Suture_count],
[Suture_-_Suture_size]
)
) P
LEFT JOIN Innovate.dbo.Table2 AS A ON (A.Primary_Key = P.Primary_Key);
Fair enough, this has a disadvantage that if that [Primary_Key] needs to be the first column, that the P.* should be replaced by those literal column values. Or use the EXEC approach after all.
Anyway, to build name list for that #ColumnName variable, it can be done without all the OR's :
DECLARE #ColumnName NVARCHAR(MAX);
--Get distinct values of the PIVOT Column
SELECT #ColumnName = ISNULL(#ColumnName + ',','') + QUOTENAME(NAME)
FROM Innovate.dbo.Table1
WHERE Name Like 'Suture_-_%'
AND SUBSTRING(Name,10,30) IN (
'2nd_Needle_Code',
'Absorbable',
'Antibacterial',
'Armed',
'Barbed',
'Brand_Name',
'C/R_2nd_Needle_Code',
'C/R_Brand_Name',
'C/R_length',
'C/R_Needle_Code',
'Coating',
'Dyed',
'Filament',
'length_inches',
'Looped',
'Material',
'Needle_Code',
'Needle_Shape',
'Needle_Style',
'Noun',
'pleget',
'Popoff',
'Suture_count',
'Suture_size')
GROUP BY Name;

Translating MySQL statement to MS SQL (no GROUP_CONCAT)

I'm trying to translate the query from my question in SQL multiple rows as columns (optimizing). It is in MySQL but I need it to also run on a MS SQL Server.
One problem is that there is no GROUP_CONCAT in MS SQL, but there seems to be ways to simulate this however (Simulating group_concat MySQL function in Microsoft SQL Server 2005?).
Also, I can't find a way to to store the first SELECT statement into the #sql variable the same way which troubles me as I don't know how to then reference colkey as I currently do.
The MySQL statement:
SET #sql = NULL;
SELECT
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT
CONCAT('MAX(CASE
WHEN ckm.colkey = ', colkey, ' THEN
(ccdr.value)
END) AS ', CONCAT('`ExtraColumn_', colkey, '`'))
) INTO #sql
FROM test_customkeymapping;
SET #sql = CONCAT('SELECT c.Name, ', #sql, '
FROM customers c
LEFT JOIN customercustomdatarels ccdr
ON c.Id = ccdr.customer
LEFT JOIN customdatas cd
ON cd.Id = ccdr.customdata
LEFT JOIN test_customkeymapping ckm
ON cd.key = ckm.customkey
GROUP BY c.Id');
PREPARE stmt FROM #sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
In SQL Server you need to make the following changes
Explicitly declare your variable with a type
Use + to concatenate strings instead of CONCAT (Unless you are using SQL Server 2012 or later)
Use brackets ([]) for object names/aliases instead of backticks (``) - QUOTENAME will do this for you
Use XML extensions to concatenate rows
Include c.Name in the group by as it is contained in the select
Use SP_EXECUTESQL to actually execute your query
So your query becomes something like:
DECLARE #SQL NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET #SQL = 'SELECT c.Name' + ( SELECT DISTINCT
', MAX(CASE WHEN ckm.colkey = '
+ QUOTENAME(colKey AS VARCHAR(10))
+ ' THEN (ccdr.value) END) AS '
+ QUOTENAME('ExtraColumn_' + CAST(colKey AS VARCHAR(10))
FROM test_customkeymapping
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') +
'FROM customers c
LEFT JOIN customercustomdatarels ccdr
ON c.Id = ccdr.customer
LEFT JOIN customdatas cd
ON cd.Id = ccdr.customdata
LEFT JOIN test_customkeymapping ckm
ON cd.[key] = ckm.customkey
GROUP BY c.ID, c.Name';
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL #SQL;

SQL query to find duplicate rows, in any table

I'm looking for a schema-independent query. That is, if I have a users table or a purchases table, the query should be equally capable of catching duplicate rows in either table without any modification (other than the from clause, of course).
I'm using T-SQL, but I'm guessing there should be a general solution.
I believe that this should work for you. Keep in mind that CHECKSUM() isn't 100% perfect - it's theoretically possible to get a false positive here (I think), but otherwise you can just change the table name and this should work:
;WITH cte AS (
SELECT
*,
CHECKSUM(*) AS chksum,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY GETDATE()) AS row_num
FROM
My_Table
)
SELECT
*
FROM
CTE T1
INNER JOIN CTE T2 ON
T2.chksum = T1.chksum AND
T2.row_num <> T1.row_num
The ROW_NUMBER() is needed so that you have some way of distinguishing rows. It requires an ORDER BY and that can't be a constant, so GETDATE() was my workaround for that.
Simply change the table name in the CTE and it should work without spelling out the columns.
I'm still confused about what "detecting them might be" but I'll give it a shot.
Excluding them is easy
e.g.
SELECT DISTINCT * FROM USERS
However if you wanted to only include them and a duplicate is all the fields than you have to do
SELECT
[Each and every field]
FROM
USERS
GROUP BY
[Each and every field]
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
You can't get away with just using (*) because you can't GROUP BY *
so this requirement from your comments is difficult
a schema-independent means I don't want to specify all of the columns
in the query
Unless that is you want to use dynamic SQL and read the columns from sys.columns or information_schema.columns
For example
DECLARE #colunns nvarchar(max)
SET #colunns = ''
SELECT #colunns = #colunns + '[' + COLUMN_NAME +'], '
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns
WHERE table_name = 'USERS'
SET #colunns = left(#colunns,len(#colunns ) - 1)
DECLARE #SQL nvarchar(max)
SET #SQL = 'SELECT ' + #colunns
+ 'FROM USERS' + 'GROUP BY '
+ #colunns
+ ' Having Count(*) > 1'
exec sp_executesql #SQL
Please note you should read this The Curse and Blessings of Dynamic SQL if you haven't already
I have done this using CTEs in SQL Server.
Here is a sample on how to delete dupes but you should be able to adapt it easily to find dupes:
WITH CTE (COl1, Col2, DuplicateCount)
AS
(
SELECT COl1,Col2,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY COl1,Col2 ORDER BY Col1) AS DuplicateCount
FROM DuplicateRcordTable
)
DELETE
FROM CTE
WHERE DuplicateCount > 1
GO
Here is a link to an article where I got the SQL:
http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2009/06/23/sql-server-2005-2008-delete-duplicate-rows/
I recently was looking into the same issue and noticed this question.
I managed to solve it using a stored procedure with some dynamic SQL. This way you only need to specify the table name. And it will get all the other relevant data from sys tables.
/*
This SP returns all duplicate rows (1 line for each duplicate) for any given table.
to use the SP:
exec [database].[dbo].[sp_duplicates]
#table = '[database].[schema].[table]'
*/
create proc dbo.sp_duplicates #table nvarchar(50) as
declare #query nvarchar(max)
declare #groupby nvarchar(max)
set #groupby = stuff((select ',' + [name]
FROM sys.columns
WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(#table)
FOR xml path('')), 1, 1, '')
set #query = 'select *, count(*)
from '+#table+'
group by '+#groupby+'
having count(*) > 1'
exec (#query)