I thought I understood cmake pretty well until I came accross this problem that I just can't figure out. I've built a static library in C, and I'm trying to run a unit test on it in C++, but I can't seem to link to any of the static functions in that library and I can't figure out why. I've reproduced the problem in the skeleton project below:
CMakeLists.txt:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)
project(myproj)
add_library(mylib STATIC mylib.c)
find_package(Boost 1.64.0 COMPONENTS unit_test_framework)
add_executable(mytestapp mytest.cpp)
target_include_directories(mytestapp PRIVATE .)
target_link_libraries(mytestapp mylib)
enable_testing()
add_test( mytest mytestapp)
mylib.c:
int add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
mylib.h
int add(int a, int b);
mytest.cpp:
#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE mylib_test
#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
#include "mylib.h"
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mylib_test)
{
BOOST_TEST( add(2,2) == 4);
}
Then my output is:
$ make
Scanning dependencies of target mylib
[ 25%] Building C object CMakeFiles/mylib.dir/mylib.c.o
[ 50%] Linking C static library libmylib.a
[ 50%] Built target mylib
Scanning dependencies of target mytestapp
[ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/mytestapp.dir/mytest.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable mytestapp
CMakeFiles/mytestapp.dir/mytest.cpp.o: In function `mylib_test::test_method()':
mytest.cpp:(.text+0x1e411): undefined reference to `add(int, int)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/mytestapp.dir/build.make:96: mytestapp] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:105: CMakeFiles/mytestapp.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:95: all] Error 2
If I compile mylib in C++, then it links fine, but not in C. That's a problem for me because I have a huge library in C and I'm trying to use the boost_test_framework (in C++) to load this lib and test it.
Solution:
I needed to import the library with extern "C" like so:
#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE mylib_test
#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
extern "C" {
#include "mylib.h"
}
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mylib_test)
{
BOOST_TEST( add(2,2) == 4);
}
Related
This question already has answers here:
Why can templates only be implemented in the header file?
(17 answers)
Closed 14 days ago.
I don't know why error appears, i use target_link_libraries
c:/dev-tools/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/11.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: CMakeFiles\submoduleTest1.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj):main.cpp:(.text.startup+0x2c): undefined reference to `void fmt_println2<char [5]>(char const (&) [5])'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
mingw32-make[3]: *** [CMakeFiles\submoduleTest1.dir\build.make:101: submoduleTest1.exe] Error 1
mingw32-make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles\Makefile2:99: CMakeFiles/submoduleTest1.dir/all] Error 2
mingw32-make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles\Makefile2:106: CMakeFiles/submoduleTest1.dir/rule] Error 2
mingw32-make: *** [Makefile:123: submoduleTest1] Error 2
Main CMake:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.24)
project(submoduleTest1)
add_subdirectory(fmt_formatter)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
add_executable(submoduleTest1 main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(submoduleTest1 fmt_formatter)
fmt_formatter CMake:
find_package(fmt CONFIG REQUIRED)
add_library(fmt_formatter STATIC fmt_formatter.cpp fmt_formatter.h)
target_link_libraries(fmt_formatter fmt::fmt)
fmt_formatter.cpp
#include "fmt_formatter.h"
template<typename... Args>
void fmt_println(const fmt::text_style &ts, bool color, const Args &... args) {
fmt::print(color ? ts : fmt::text_style(), args...);
fmt::print("\n");
fflush(stdout);
}
template<typename... Args>
void fmt_println2(const Args &... args) {
fmt::print(fmt::text_style(), args...);
fmt::print("\n");
fflush(stdout);
}
fmt_formatter.h
#include "fmt/core.h"
#include "fmt/color.h"
template<typename... Args>
void fmt_println(const fmt::text_style &ts, bool color = true, const Args &... args);
template<typename... Args>
void fmt_println2(const Args &... args);
main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "fmt_formatter/fmt_formatter.h"
int main() {
std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
fmt_println2("test");
return 0;
}
Any ideas how can i solve it? I tried many solutions but any of them worked.
Move your template function definitions to the header file. For a template to be instantiated at compile time, the definition needs to be visible at that point, which it isn't if you put it in a cpp file and not the hpp file that gets included where the instantiation is happening.
For more info, see Why can templates only be implemented in the header file?
I am a beginner, I was trying to get SDL2 to work in clion but I failed.
I've searched on youtube and google but nothing worked. I have SDL2.dll in the same folder as main.cpp
My cmake file looks like this:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
project(sdlTest)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp)
add_executable(sdlTest ${SOURCE_FILES})
add_library(SDL2.dll SHARED main.cpp)
set_target_properties(SDL2.dll PROPERTIES LINKER_LANGUAGE CXX)
I don't know what I'm doing wrong.
I tried running this example code from sdl:
#include "SDL2/SDL.h"
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
SDL_Window *window; // Declare a pointer
SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO); // Initialize SDL2
// Create an application window with the following settings:
window = SDL_CreateWindow(
"An SDL2 window", // window title
SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, // initial x position
SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, // initial y position
640, // width, in pixels
480, // height, in pixels
SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL // flags - see below
);
// Check that the window was successfully created
if (window == NULL) {
// In the case that the window could not be made...
printf("Could not create window: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
return 1;
}
// The window is open: could enter program loop here (see SDL_PollEvent())
SDL_Delay(3000); // Pause execution for 3000 milliseconds, for example
// Close and destroy the window
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
// Clean up
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
and I get this error:
CMakeFiles\sdlTest.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `SDL_main':
C:/Users/Dddsasul/CLionProjects/sdlTest/main.cpp:8: undefined reference to
`SDL_Init'
C:/Users/Dddsasul/CLionProjects/sdlTest/main.cpp:18: undefined reference to
`SDL_CreateWindow'
C:/Users/Dddsasul/CLionProjects/sdlTest/main.cpp:23: undefined reference to
`SDL_GetError'
C:/Users/Dddsasul/CLionProjects/sdlTest/main.cpp:29: undefined reference to
`SDL_Delay'
C:/Users/Dddsasul/CLionProjects/sdlTest/main.cpp:32: undefined reference to
`SDL_DestroyWindow'
C:/Users/Dddsasul/CLionProjects/sdlTest/main.cpp:35: undefined reference to
`SDL_Quit'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/5.3.0/../../../libmingw32.a(main.o):
(.text.startup+0xa0): undefined reference to `WinMain#16'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
mingw32-make.exe[3]: *** [sdlTest.exe] Error 1
CMakeFiles\sdlTest.dir\build.make:95: recipe for target 'sdlTest.exe' failed
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:103: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/sdlTest.dir/all'
failed
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:115: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/sdlTest.dir/rule'
failed
mingw32-make.exe[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/sdlTest.dir/all] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/sdlTest.dir/rule] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe: *** [sdlTest] Error 2
Makefile:130: recipe for target 'sdlTest' failed
I've tried both x64 and x86 and it's the same result but at the same time clion doesn't red-text the code, it thinks it's ok:
Any ideas what I'm doing wrong and how to fix? THANKS!
EDIT:
Cmake looks like this
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
project(sdlTest)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake)
find_package(SDL2 REQUIRED)
set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp)
add_executable(sdlTest ${SOURCE_FILES})
set(SDL2_LIBRARY SDL2.dll)
target_link_libraries(sdlTest ${SDL2_LIBRARYS})
I get this error:
Found package configuration file:
C:/MinGW/lib/cmake/SDL2/sdl2-config.cmake
but it set SDL2_FOUND to FALSE so package "SDL2" is considered to be NOT
FOUND.
SECOND EDIT:
sdl2-config.cmake:
# sdl2 cmake project-config input for ./configure scripts
set(prefix "/usr/local/x86_64-w64-mingw32")
set(exec_prefix "${prefix}")
set(libdir "${exec_prefix}/lib")
set(SDL2_PREFIX "/usr/local/x86_64-w64-mingw32")
set(SDL2_EXEC_PREFIX "/usr/local/x86_64-w64-mingw32")
set(SDL2_LIBDIR "${exec_prefix}/lib")
set(SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS "${prefix}/include/SDL2")
set(SDL2_LIBRARIES "-L${SDL2_LIBDIR} -lmingw32 -lSDL2main -lSDL2 -mwindows")
string(STRIP "${SDL2_LIBRARIES}" SDL2_LIBRARIES)
I'm currently trying to work through the tensorflow XLA ahead of time compilation work flow for the first time, and I've hit a problem while trying to build the final executable binary which includes the AOT compiled object.
I've used the tutorial here to generate the test_graph_tfgather.pb and test_graph_tfgather.config.pbtxt files. Then I've used the tfcompile tool directly to produce MyClass.o and MyClass.h. So far so good.
I'm now building a simple makefile project which includes this compiled model, but I'm getting some errors related to Eigen. Could this be due to a different version of eigen3 being installed on my computer? I've also had to comment out the Eigen::ThreadPool lines due to eigen errors too so some version miss match may be the problem. Has anyone seen this problem before or does anyone have any ideas how to get this working?
Thanks.
The build errors:
g++ -c -std=c++11 -I . -I /usr/include/eigen3 -I /home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow -I /usr/include main.cpp
In file included from /home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/compiler/xla/types.h:22:0,
from /home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/compiler/xla/executable_run_options.h:20,
from /home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/compiler/tf2xla/xla_compiled_cpu_function.h:22,
from MyClass.h:14,
from main.cpp:6:
/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h: In static member function ‘static tensorflow::bfloat16 Eigen::NumTraits<tensorflow::bfloat16>::infinity()’:
/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h:79:28: error: ‘infinity’ is not a member of ‘Eigen::NumTraits<float>’
return FloatToBFloat16(NumTraits<float>::infinity());
^
/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h: In static member function ‘static tensorflow::bfloat16 Eigen::NumTraits<tensorflow::bfloat16>::quiet_NaN()’:
/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h:83:28: error: ‘quiet_NaN’ is not a member of ‘Eigen::NumTraits<float>’
return FloatToBFloat16(NumTraits<float>::quiet_NaN());
^
/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h: At global scope:
/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h:95:34: error: ‘log’ is not a template function
const tensorflow::bfloat16& x) {
^
/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h:101:34: error: ‘exp’ is not a template function
const tensorflow::bfloat16& x) {
^
/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h:107:34: error: ‘abs’ is not a template function
const tensorflow::bfloat16& x) {
^
Makefile:10: recipe for target 'main.o' failed
main.cpp source:
#define EIGEN_USE_THREADS
#define EIGEN_USE_CUSTOM_THREAD_POOL
#include <iostream>
#include "third_party/eigen3/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor"
#include "MyClass.h" // generated
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
//Eigen::ThreadPool tp(2); // Size the thread pool as appropriate.
//Eigen::ThreadPoolDevice device(&tp, tp.NumThreads());
MyClass matmul;
//matmul.set_thread_pool(&device);
// Set up args and run the computation.
const float args[12] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12};
std::copy(args + 0, args + 6, matmul.arg0_data());
std::copy(args + 6, args + 12, matmul.arg1_data());
matmul.Run();
// Check result
if (matmul.result0(0, 0) == 58) {
std::cout << "Success" << std::endl;
} else {
std::cout << "Failed. Expected value 58 at 0,0. Got:"
<< matmul.result0(0, 0) << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
Makefile
EIGEN_INC=-I /usr/include/eigen3
TF_INC=-I /home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow
CPPFLAGS=-c -std=c++11
xla_hw: main.o MyClass.o
g++ -o xla_hw main.o MyClass.o
main.o: main.cpp
g++ $(CPPFLAGS) -I . $(TF_INC) $(EIGEN_INC) -I /usr/include main.cpp
I've solved this problem now, it turns out there is a specific version of eigen3 included with tensorflow and you need to use this version for it to work. When tensorflow has been built the correct version of eigen3 is located at <tensorflow path>bazel-tensorflow/external/eigen_archive
Below is the working makefile which includes the correct Eigen path as well as the libraries needed to link the project.
TF_INC=-I /home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/bazel-tensorflow/external/eigen_archive -I /home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow
TF_LIBS=-L/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/bazel-bin/tensorflow/compiler/tf2xla/ -lxla_compiled_cpu_function -L/home/user/tensorflow_xla/tensorflow/bazel-bin/tensorflow/compiler/aot -lruntime
CPPFLAGS=-c -std=c++11
xla_hw: main.o MyClass.o
g++ -o xla_hw main.o MyClass.o $(TF_LIBS)
main.o: main.cpp
g++ $(CPPFLAGS) -I . $(TF_INC) -I /usr/include main.cpp
I'm trying to build dash using Clion and CMake but I get this build error:
/opt/clion-2016.1.1/bin/cmake/bin/cmake --build /home/dac/.CLion2016.1/system/cmake/generated/dash-46b33cad/46b33cad/Debug --target all -- -j 4
[ 3%] Building C object CMakeFiles/main.dir/error.c.o
[ 6%] Building C object CMakeFiles/main.dir/eval.c.o
[ 9%] Building C object CMakeFiles/main.dir/cd.c.o
[ 12%] Building C object CMakeFiles/main.dir/arith_yylex.c.o
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/error.c:54:0:
/home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/system.h:65:22: error: static declaration of ‘strtod’ follows non-static declaration
static inline double strtod(const char *nptr, char **endptr)
^
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/error.c:40:0:
/usr/include/stdlib.h:164:15: note: previous declaration of ‘strtod’ was here
extern double strtod (const char *__restrict __nptr,
^
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/error.c:54:0:
/home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/system.h:86:19: error: static declaration of ‘killpg’ follows non-static declaration
static inline int killpg(pid_t pid, int signal)
^
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/error.c:39:0:
/usr/include/signal.h:134:12: note: previous declaration of ‘killpg’ was here
extern int killpg (__pid_t __pgrp, int __sig) __THROW;
^
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/error.c:54:0:
/home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/system.h:97:0: warning: "_SC_CLK_TCK" redefined
#define _SC_CLK_TCK 2
^
In file included from /usr/include/unistd.h:609:0,
from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/error.c:42:
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/confname.h:78:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
#define _SC_CLK_TCK _SC_CLK_TCK
^
CMakeFiles/main.dir/build.make:182: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/main.dir/error.c.o' failed
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/main.dir/error.c.o] Error 1
make[2]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
/home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/eval.c:51:22: fatal error: builtins.h: No such file or directory
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/arith_yylex.c:44:0:
/home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/system.h:65:22: error: static declaration of ‘strtod’ follows non-static declaration
static inline double strtod(const char *nptr, char **endptr)
^
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/arith_yylex.c:36:0:
/usr/include/stdlib.h:164:15: note: previous declaration of ‘strtod’ was here
extern double strtod (const char *__restrict __nptr,
^
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/arith_yylex.c:44:0:
/home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/system.h:86:19: error: static declaration of ‘killpg’ follows non-static declaration
static inline int killpg(pid_t pid, int signal)
^
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/error.h:38:0,
from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/arith_yylex.c:40:
/usr/include/signal.h:134:12: note: previous declaration of ‘killpg’ was here
extern int killpg (__pid_t __pgrp, int __sig) __THROW;
^
In file included from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/syntax.h:5:0,
from /home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/arith_yylex.c:43:
/home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/system.h:102:17: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘c’
int isblank(int c);
^
/home/dac/Downloads/dash-0.5.8/dash/system.h:102:5: error: expected expression before ‘)’ token
int isblank(int c);
^
compilation terminated.
CMakeFiles/main.dir/build.make:206: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/main.dir/eval.c.o' failed
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/main.dir/eval.c.o] Error 1
CMakeFiles/main.dir/build.make:134: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/main.dir/arith_yylex.c.o' failed
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/main.dir/arith_yylex.c.o] Error 1
My CMakeLists.txt looks like this:
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6)
project (dash)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -include config.h -DBSD=1 -DSHELL -DIFS_BROKEN")
add_executable(main main.c alias.c arith_yacc.c arith_yylex.c cd.c error.c eval.c exec.c expand.c histedit.c input.c jobs.c mail.c main.c memalloc.c miscbltin.c mystring.c options.c parser.c redir.c show.c trap.c output.c bltin/printf.c system.c bltin/test.c bltin/times.c var.c alias.h arith_yacc.h bltin/bltin.h cd.h error.h eval.h exec.h expand.h hetio.h init.h input.h jobs.h machdep.h mail.h main.h memalloc.h miscbltin.h myhistedit.h mystring.h options.h output.h parser.h redir.h shell.h show.h system.h trap.h var.h mktokens mkbuiltins builtins.def.in mkinit.c mknodes.c nodetypes nodes.c.pat mksyntax.c mksignames.c)
What can I do to make it build? If I use the makefile and build with make then it builds. But I want to build with CMake.
when I compile my code in Eclipse it works fine. But the process fails if I try to compile it with CMake. It says:
error: ‘default_random_engine’ does not name a type
default_random_engine generator;
error: ‘uniform_int_distribution’ does not name a type
uniform_int_distribution distribution;
and some more errors, which I believe are the consequences of these two.
class randomInt
{
private:
int m_max;
default_random_engine generator;
uniform_int_distribution<int> distribution;
public:
randomInt(int max = 0) :
m_max(max),
generator(time(0)),
distribution(0, m_max)
{}
int operator ()()
{
return distribution(generator);
}
};
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
vector<int> vec(100);
generate(vec.begin(), vec.end(), randomInt(100));
ostream_iterator<int> streamIt(cout, ",\n");
copy(vec.begin(), vec.end(), streamIt);
return 0;
}
There is my CMakeLists.txt
project(TEST)
# States that CMake required version must be greater than 2.6
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
# Setup sources
set(TEST_SOURCES
aufgabe2_1.cpp
aufgabe2_2.cpp
aufgabe2_3.cpp
aufgabe2_4.cpp)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "-g -Wall -std=c++11")
# Build executable
add_executable(main ${TEST_SOURCES})
These are symbols from the C++ standard library's pseudo-random number generation, but you haven't qualified the symbols with the namespace std, so use std::default_random_engine and std::uniform_int_distribution.