I am running a query similar to
DECLARE #VARIABLE NVARCHAR(50) = 'VALUE';
WITH MYCTE_TABLE (Column1,Column2)
AS
SELECT
(ColumnA, Column B
FROM
SomeTable
WHERE
ColumnA = SomeValue)
IF EXISTS(SELECT ColumnZ FROM AnotherTable WHERE Columnz = SomeNumbers)
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM MYCTE_TABLE
END
ELSE
BEGIN
MYSUBQUERY2
END
...
However, I keep getting the following error:
Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'IF'.
Each subquery works well when run independently. It seems the use of a common table expression before the IF EXISTS is causing the issue.
Any help please?
I really doubt, that this is the best approach... You tried to clean and shorten this for brevitiy (thumbs up for this!), but the given information is - maybe - not enough.
You cannot use a CTE in different queries. A CTE is fully inlined as part of the query...
But you could write your values into a table variable like here:
DECLARE #tbl TABLE(Column1 INT, Column2 VARCHAR(100)); --Choose appropriate types
INSERT INTO #tbl
SELECT ColumnA, ColumnB FROM SomeTable WHERE ColumnA=SomeValue;
This table variable can be used in later queries (but in the same job!) like any other table:
SELECT *
FROM SomeTable AS st
INNER JOIN #tbl AS tbl ON ...
... or similiar usages...
Another approach might be this
SELECT Column1,Column2 INTO #SomeTempTable FROM SomeWhere
This will write the result of the SELECT into a temp table (which is session wide).
I'm quite sure, that there might be a better (set-based) approach... Are the two sub-queries identical in their result set's structure? If so, you might use UNION ALL and place your "IF EXISTS" as a WHERE-clause to each sub query.
IF is control flow. WITH is within a query. You can do:
IF EXISTS (SELECT ColumnZ FROM AnotherTable WHERE Columnz=SomeNumbers)
BEGIN
WITH MYCTE_TABLE (Column1,Column2)AS
SELECT (ColumnA, Column B FROM SomeTable WHERE ColumnA=SomeValue)
MYSUBQUERY1
END;
ELSE
BEGIN
WITH MYCTE_TABLE (Column1,Column2)AS
SELECT (ColumnA, Column B FROM SomeTable WHERE ColumnA=SomeValue)
MYSUBQUERY2
END;
Or you could use a temporary table or table variable to store the values.
Related
what i am tryin to do is make a table(#tbl) runtime and insert the data from the select statement from the database,as what i have done so far is
declare #tbl TABLE (
Item int
)
begin
insert into #tbl values select cid from tbl_custumer where cus_ph like '%'+'987'+'%'
select * from #tbl
end
as "select cid" statement returns multiple records
I think you might want the code to look like this:
begin
declare #tbl TABLE (
Item int
);
insert into #tbl(Item)
select cid
from tbl_custumer
where cus_ph like '%'+'987'+'%';
select *
from #tbl;
end;
Notes:
The begin/end block is not really necessary, but I'm guessing you want it for other reasons (a stored procedure, if, or something similar).
The values keyword is not needed when using insert . . . select.
Use semicolons at the end of each SQL statement. Although they are optional, they make the code easier to follow.
I have a list of values such as
1,2,3,4...
that will be passed into my SQL query.
I need to have these values stored in a table variable. So essentially I need something like this:
declare #t (num int)
insert into #t values (1),(2),(3),(4)...
Is it possible to do that formatting in SQL Server? (turning 1,2,3,4... into (1),(2),(3),(4)...
Note: I can not change what those values look like before they get to my SQL script; I'm stuck with that list. also it may not always be 4 values; it could 1 or more.
Edit to show what values look like: under normal circumstances, this is how it would work:
select t.pk
from a_table t
where t.pk in (#place_holder#)
#placeholder# is just a literal place holder. when some one would run the report, #placeholder# is replaced with the literal values from the filter of that report:
select t.pk
from a_table t
where t.pk in (1,2,3,4) -- or whatever the user selects
t.pk is an int
note: doing
declare #t as table (
num int
)
insert into #t values (#Placeholder#)
does not work.
Your description is a bit ridicuolus, but you might give this a try:
Whatever you mean with this
I see what your trying to say; but if I type out '#placeholder#' in the script, I'll end up with '1','2','3','4' and not '1,2,3,4'
I assume this is a string with numbers, each number between single qoutes, separated with a comma:
DECLARE #passedIn VARCHAR(100)='''1'',''2'',''3'',''4'',''5'',''6'',''7''';
SELECT #passedIn; -->: '1','2','3','4','5','6','7'
Now the variable #passedIn holds exactly what you are talking about
I'll use a dynamic SQL-Statement to insert this in a temp-table (declared table variable would not work here...)
CREATE TABLE #tmpTable(ID INT);
DECLARE #cmd VARCHAR(MAX)=
'INSERT INTO #tmpTable(ID) VALUES (' + REPLACE(SUBSTRING(#passedIn,2,LEN(#passedIn)-2),''',''','),(') + ');';
EXEC (#cmd);
SELECT * FROM #tmpTable;
GO
DROP TABLE #tmpTable;
UPDATE 1: no dynamic SQL necessary, all ad-hoc...
You can get the list of numbers as derived table in a CTE easily.
This can be used in a following statement like WHERE SomeID IN(SELECT ID FROM MyIDs) (similar to this: dynamic IN section )
WITH MyIDs(ID) AS
(
SELECT A.B.value('.','int') AS ID
FROM
(
SELECT CAST('<x>' + REPLACE(SUBSTRING(#passedIn,2,LEN(#passedIn)-2),''',''','</x><x>') + '</x>' AS XML) AS AsXml
) as tbl
CROSS APPLY tbl.AsXml.nodes('/x') AS A(B)
)
SELECT * FROM MyIDs
UPDATE 2:
And to answer your question exactly:
With this following the CTE
insert into #t(num)
SELECT ID FROM MyIDs
... you would actually get your declared table variable filled - if you need it later...
The answer escapes me...maybe because it is not possible...
Example that works...
SELECT * FROM TABLEA WHERE FIELD1 IN ('aaa','bbb','ccc')
Example that does not work...
Attempt to leverage variable so that I can define the values once in a string of statements
DECLARE #ListValues VARCHAR(50)
SET #ListValues = '''aaa'',''bbb'',''ccc'''
SELECT * FROM TABLEA WHERE FIELD1 IN (#ListValues)
This is is obviously only a small part of the equation and for other reasons...
I cannot leverage a table for the values and change this to a true sub-query
The closest question I could find was this one... but does not cover my requirements obviously...
Storing single quotes in varchar variable SQL Server 2008
Thanks in advance.
You can do this using dynamic SQL:
DECLARE #ListValues VARCHAR(MAX)
,#SQL VARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT #ListValues = '''aaa'',''bbb'',''ccc'''
,#SQL = 'SELECT * FROM TABLEA WHERE FIELD1 IN ('+#ListValues+')'
EXEC (#SQL)
It doesn't work because the IN operator expects a list of items - here strings.
What you're supplying with your #ListValues variable however is a single string - not a list of strings.
What you could do is use a table variable and store your values in it:
DECLARE #ListOfValues TABLE (ItemName VARCHAR(50))
INSERT INTO #ListOfValues(ItemName)
VALUES('aaa'), ('bbb'), ('ccc')
SELECT *
FROM TABLEA
WHERE FIELD1 IN (SELECT ItemName FROM #ListOfValues)
Build your whole SQL query dynamically (say it's stored in a string variable #sql),
and then execute it with EXEC (#sql). Better yet, use the sp_executesql SP
because this approach is more secure (less prone to SQL injection) than EXEC.
See: sp_executesql
The IN operator in SQLServer expect a list of values, your variable is a single string, the query parsed will be different
SELECT * FROM TABLEA WHERE FIELD1 IN ('aaa','bbb','ccc')
SELECT * FROM TABLEA WHERE FIELD1 IN ("'aaa','bbb','ccc'")
Attention: the double quotes are there only for readability, to get the string with single quote in it.
if you know a programming language the first one is like searching in an array, the second is a string.
To store a list in your variable it need to a table
DECLARE #varTable TABLE (field1 varchar())
So that you can use it in your IN
SELECT * FROM TABLEA WHERE FIELD1 IN (SELECT field1 FROM #varTable)
To add values to the table variable use an INSERT statament like usual for tables.
This might be a stupid question, but I haven't found a way to word this to get an answer that suits what I'm trying to accomplish. I might just be having a stupid moment.
I have an input variable for a sproc; that input variable may be passed in as null.
If the value is null, I would like insert into a temp table a list of values from another table. Otherwise, I'd just like to insert into the temple table the value of the parameter.
What I'm trying to do is something like this
INSERT INTO #tempTable
SELECT (CASE WHEN #myVariable IS NULL
THEN (SELECT [myVariable] FROM myTable)
ELSE #myVariable END)
This won't work because that select statement pulls back a large number of results (and it's malformed), but that's the general idea. I basically want to have an optional parameter where the user can specify a specific ID, or get back ALL the IDs.
Does anyone have any suggestions on the best way to go about this?
Thank you!
I think this UNION will do
INSERT INTO #tempTable
SELECT #myVariable WHERE #myVariable IS NOT NULL
UNION
SELECT [myVariable] FROM myTable WHERE #myVariable IS NULL
Of course if it doesn't need to be one query - you can use simple IF logic
IF #myVariable IS NULL
INSERT INTO #tempTable
SELECT [myVariable] FROM myTable
ELSE
INSERT INTO #tempTable
SELECT #myVariable
Would something like this work for you?
SELECT DISTINCT ISNULL(#myVariable, myVariableColumn)
FROM myTable
I suggest this query:
INSERT INTO #tempTable
SELECT CASE WHEN #myVariable IS NULL Then [myVariable] else #myVariable end FROM myTable
Is there a way in T-SQL (SQL Server 2005) to assign a whole record to a record variable and then refer to the particular values using column names?
I mean, instead of:
select #var1 = col1,
#var2 = col2
from mytable
where ID = 1;
and referring to them as #var1 and #var2, something like
#record =
select col1, col2
from mytable
where ID = 1;
and referring to them like #record.col1 and #record.col2 .
I am beginner in t-sql, so hopefully the question is not too trivial.
You can create a table variable and select the whole resultset into it:
DECLARE #tt TABLE (col1 INT, col2 INT)
INSERT
INTO #tt
SELECT col1, col2
FROM mytable
WHERE id = 1
, but you cannot access its data except than in the SELECT query as well.
With pure TSQL (that it without custom datatypes) the thing you ask is impossible.
sounds like you are a programmer ... look at linq maybe as it does what you want.
You can use a temporary table and SELECT...INTO to avoid specifying the column names at the beginning :
SELECT Field1, Field2
INTO #TempTable
FROM MyTable
WHERE MyTable.MyID = 1
but of course you'll still need the FROM #TempTable part when referring to the column names.
SELECT Field1, Field2
FROM #TempTable
and of course to remember to drop the table at the end :
DROP #TempTable
The app code is where you'd normally refer to a single row at a time as a variable.
You could use XML, but you'd have to play with this...
DECLARE #MyRecord xml
DECLARE #Mytable TABLE (col1 int NOT NULL, col2 varchar(30) NOT NULL)
INSERT #Mytable (col1, col2) VALUES (1, 'bob')
select #MyRecord =
(SELECT *
from #Mytable
where col1 = 1
FOR XML AUTO)
SELECT #myRecord.value('./#col', 'int') --also #myRecord.value('#col', 'int')
--gives error
Msg 2390, Level 16, State 1, Line 12
XQuery [value()]: Top-level attribute nodes are not supported
Buried in the Transact SQL documentation I came across this restriction on variables:
Variables can be used only in expressions, not in place of object names or keywords.
Since you'd need to use an object name to qualify a column I don't believe that this is allowed.