Tensorflow loss minimization is increasing loss - tensorflow

I implemented the linear regression model shown on Tensorflow's main page: https://www.tensorflow.org/get_started/get_started
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
# Model parameters
W = tf.Variable([.3], tf.float32)
b = tf.Variable([-.3], tf.float32)
# Model input and output
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)
linear_model = W * x + b
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)
# loss
loss = tf.reduce_sum(tf.square(linear_model - y)) # sum of the squares
# optimizer
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01)
train = optimizer.minimize(loss)
# training data
x_train = [1,2,3,4]
y_train = [0,-1,-2,-3]
# training loop
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
sess = tf.Session()
sess.run(init) # reset values to wrong
for i in range(1000):
sess.run(train, {x:x_train, y:y_train})
# evaluate training accuracy
curr_W, curr_b, curr_loss = sess.run([W, b, loss], {x:x_train, y:y_train})
print("W: %s b: %s loss: %s"%(curr_W, curr_b, curr_loss))
However, when I change the training data to x_train=[2,4,6,8] and y_train=[3,4,5,6],
the loss starts to increase over time until it reaches 'nan'

As suggested by Steven, you should probably use reduce_mean(), which seems to fix the problem of the increasing loss function. Note that I also increased the number of training steps since reduce_mean() appears to need a bit longer to converge. Be careful with increasing the learning rate, since this may reproduce the problem. Instead, if training time is not a critical factor, you might want to decrease the learning rate and increase the number of training iterations further.
With the reduce_sum() function it worked well for me after decreasing the learning rate from 0.01 to 0.001. Again, thanks to Steven for the suggestion.
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
# Model parameters
W = tf.Variable([.3], tf.float32)
b = tf.Variable([-.3], tf.float32)
# Model input and output
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)
linear_model = W * x + b
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)
# loss
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(linear_model - y)) # sum of the squares
# optimizer
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01)
train = optimizer.minimize(loss)
# training data
x_train = [2,4,6,8]
y_train = [0,3,4,5]
# training loop
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
sess = tf.Session()
sess.run(init) # reset values to wrong
for i in range(5000):
sess.run(train, {x:x_train, y:y_train})
# evaluate training accuracy
curr_W, curr_b, curr_loss = sess.run([W, b, loss], {x:x_train, y:y_train})
print("W: %s b: %s loss: %s"%(curr_W, curr_b, curr_loss))

Related

How to switch from GradientDescent Optimizer to Adam in Tensorflow

My code is running perfectly with Gradient Descent, but I want to compare the effectiveness of my algorithm using Adam Optimizer, so I tried to modify the following code:
# Import MNIST data
#import input_data
#mnist = input_data.read_data_sets("/tmp/data/", one_hot=True)
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
mnist = input_data.read_data_sets("MNIST_data/", one_hot=True)
#fashion_mnist = input_data.read_data_sets('data/fashion')
import tensorflow as tf
# Set parameters
learning_rate = 0.01 #1e-4
training_iteration = 30
batch_size = 100
display_step = 2
# TF graph input
x = tf.placeholder("float", [None, 784]) # mnist data image of shape 28*28=784
y = tf.placeholder("float", [None, 10]) # 0-9 digits recognition => 10 classes
#regularizer = tf.reduce_sum(tf.square(y))
# Create a model
# Set model weights
W = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([784, 10]))
b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([10]))
with tf.name_scope("Wx_b") as scope:
# Construct a linear model
model = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(x, W) + b) # Softmax
# Add summary ops to collect data
w_h = tf.summary.histogram("weights", W)
b_h = tf.summary.histogram("biases", b)
# More name scopes will clean up graph representation
with tf.name_scope("cost_function") as scope:
# Minimize error using cross entropy
# Cross entropy
cost_function = -tf.reduce_sum(y*tf.log(model))
# Create a summary to monitor the cost function
tf.summary.scalar("cost_function", cost_function)
with tf.name_scope("train") as scope:
# Gradient descent
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(cost_function)
# Initializing the variables
#init = tf.initialize_all_variables()
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
# Merge all summaries into a single operator
merged_summary_op = tf.summary.merge_all()
# Launch the graph
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init)
summary_writer = tf.summary.FileWriter('/home/raed/Tensorflow/tensorflow_demo', graph_def =sess.graph_def)
#writer.add_graph(sess.graph_def)
# Training cycle
for iteration in range(training_iteration):
avg_cost = 0.
total_batch = int(mnist.train.num_examples/batch_size)
# Loop over all batches
for i in range(total_batch):
batch_xs, batch_ys = mnist.train.next_batch(batch_size)
# Fit training using batch data
sess.run(optimizer, feed_dict={x: batch_xs, y: batch_ys})
# Compute the average loss
avg_cost += sess.run(cost_function, feed_dict={x: batch_xs, y: batch_ys})/total_batch
# Write logs for each iteration
summary_str = sess.run(merged_summary_op, feed_dict={x: batch_xs, y: batch_ys})
summary_writer.add_summary(summary_str, iteration*total_batch + i)
# Display logs per iteration step
if iteration % display_step == 0:
print ("Iteration:" "%04d" % (iteration + 1), "cost=", "{:.9f}".format(avg_cost))
print ("Tuning completed!")
# Test the model
predictions = tf.equal(tf.argmax(model, 1), tf.argmax(y, 1))
# Calculate accuracy
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(predictions, "float"))
print ("Accuracy:", accuracy.eval({x: mnist.test.images, y: mnist.test.labels}))
to use Adam Optimizer I tried to change the following line :
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(cost_function)
and replace it with the AdamOptimizer :
optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(cost_function)
when I ran the code , I got few iteration and then it stopped with the following error.
InvalidArgumentError (see above for traceback): Nan in summary histogram for: weights
[[Node: weights = HistogramSummary[T=DT_FLOAT, _device="/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/device:CPU:0"](weights/tag, Variable/read)]]
could you please help me understnad the problem , thanks in advance
the problem is weights are initialized to zero W = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([784, 10])) that`s why you re get Nan as weights.
you need to inialize them with some initializer i.e normal distribution as follow
W = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([784, 10], stddev=0.35),
name="weights")

Tensorflow Neural Network for Regression

I am using tensor flow library to build a pretty simple 2 layer artificial neural network to perform linear regression.
My problem is that the results seem to be far from expected. I've been trying to spot my mistake for hours but no hope. I am new to tensor flow and neural networks so it could be a trivial mistake. Could anyone have an idea what i am doing wrong?
from __future__ import print_function
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
# Python optimisation variables
learning_rate = 0.02
data_size=100000
data_length=100
train_input=10* np.random.rand(data_size,data_length);
train_label=train_input.sum(axis=1);
train_label=np.reshape(train_label,(data_size,1));
test_input= np.random.rand(data_size,data_length);
test_label=test_input.sum(axis=1);
test_label=np.reshape(test_label,(data_size,1));
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [data_size, data_length])
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [data_size, 1])
W1 = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([data_length, 1], stddev=0.03), name='W1')
b1 = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([data_size, 1]), name='b1')
y_ = tf.add(tf.matmul(x, W1), b1)
cost = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y-y_))
optimiser=tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=learning_rate)
.minimize(cost)
init_op = tf.global_variables_initializer()
correct_prediction = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y-y_))
accuracy = tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32)
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init_op)
_, c = sess.run([optimiser, cost],
feed_dict={x:train_input , y:train_label})
k=sess.run(b1)
print(k)
print(sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={x: test_input, y: test_label}))
Thanks for your help!
There are a number of changes you have to make in your code.
First of all, you have to perform training for number of epochs and also feed the optimizer training data in batches. Your learning rate was very high. Bias is supposed to be only one input for every dense (fully connected) layer. You can plot the cost (loss) value to see how your network is converging.
In order to feed data in batches, I have made the changes in placeholders also. Check the full modified code:
from __future__ import print_function
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Python optimisation variables
learning_rate = 0.001
data_size=1000 # Had to change these value to fit in my memory
data_length=10
train_input=10* np.random.rand(data_size,data_length);
train_label=train_input.sum(axis=1);
train_label=np.reshape(train_label,(data_size,1));
test_input= np.random.rand(data_size,data_length);
test_label=test_input.sum(axis=1);
test_label=np.reshape(test_label,(data_size,1));
tf.reset_default_graph()
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, data_length])
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 1])
W1 = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([data_length, 1], stddev=0.03), name='W1')
b1 = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([1, 1]), name='b1')
y_ = tf.add(tf.matmul(x, W1), b1)
cost = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y-y_))
optimiser=tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=learning_rate).minimize(cost)
init_op = tf.global_variables_initializer()
EPOCHS = 500
BATCH_SIZE = 32
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init_op)
loss_history = []
for epoch_no in range(EPOCHS):
for offset in range(0, data_size, BATCH_SIZE):
batch_x = train_input[offset: offset + BATCH_SIZE]
batch_y = train_label[offset: offset + BATCH_SIZE]
_, c = sess.run([optimiser, cost],
feed_dict={x:batch_x , y:batch_y})
loss_history.append(c)
plt.plot(range(len(loss_history)), loss_history)
plt.show()
# For running test dataset
results, test_cost = sess.run([y_, cost], feed_dict={x: test_input, y: test_label})
print('test cost: {:.3f}'.format(test_cost))
for t1, t2 in zip(results, test_label):
print('Prediction: {:.3f}, actual: {:.3f}'.format(t1[0], t2[0]))

Simple model gets 0.0 accuracy

I am training a simple model on a dataset containing labels always equal to 0, and am getting a 0.0 accuracy.
The model is the following:
import csv
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import tensorflow as tf
labelsReader = pd.read_csv('data.csv',usecols = [12],header=None)
dataReader = pd.read_csv('data.csv',usecols = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11],header=None)
labels_ = labelsReader.values
data_ = dataReader.values
labels = np.float32(labels_)
data = np.float32(data_)
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 11])
W = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([11, 1], stddev=1./11.))
b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1]))
y = tf.matmul(x, W) + b
# Define loss and optimizer
y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 1])
cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(labels=y_, logits=y))
train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5).minimize(cross_entropy)
sess = tf.InteractiveSession()
tf.global_variables_initializer().run()
for i in range(0, 1000):
train_step.run(feed_dict={x: data, y_: labels})
correct_prediction = tf.equal(y, y_)
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))
print(sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={x: data, y_: labels}))
And here is the dataset:
444444,0,0,0.9993089149965446,0,0,0.000691085003455425,0,0,0,0,0,0
As the model trains, y of the data shown above decreases, and reaches -1000 after 1000 iterations.
What could be the cause of the failure to train the model ?
Your accuracy checks if the predicted float is exactly equal to the value you expect. With the network you made this is a very difficult task (although you might have a chance as you are also overfitting your data).
To get better results:
- Define accuracy to be higher/lower than a value (closer to 1 or closer to 0).
- Normalise your input data, I don't know the range of your input, but 444444 is a rediculous value to use as input, and it is difficult to train weights that can handle these values.
Also: try to add some sanity checks. For example: what is the output your model is predicting? (y.eval) And what is the cross entropy you have during training your network? (sess.run([accuracy,cross_entropy], feed_dict={x: data, y_: labels})
Good luck!

Add a summary of accuracy of the whole train/test dataset in Tensorflow

I am trying to use Tensorboard to visualize my training procedure. My purpose is, when every epoch completed, I would like to test the network's accuracy using the whole validation dataset, and store this accuracy result into a summary file, so that I can visualize it in Tensorboard.
I know Tensorflow has summary_op to do it, however it seems only work for one batch when running the code sess.run(summary_op). I need to calculate the accuracy for the whole dataset. How?
Is there any example to do it?
Define a tf.scalar_summary that accepts a placeholder:
accuracy_value_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=())
accuracy_summary = tf.scalar_summary('accuracy', accuracy_value_)
Then calculate the accuracy for the whole dataset (define a routine that calculates the accuracy for every batch in the dataset and extract the mean value) and save it into a python variable, let's call it va.
Once you have the value of va, just run the accuracy_summary op, feeding the accuracy_value_ placeholder:
sess.run(accuracy_summary, feed_dict={accuracy_value_: va})
I implement a naive one-layer model as an example to classify MNIST dataset and visualize validation accuracy in Tensorboard, it works for me.
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.contrib.learn.python.learn.datasets.mnist import read_data_sets
import os
# number of epoch
num_epoch = 1000
model_dir = '/tmp/tf/onelayer_model/accu_info'
# mnist dataset location, change if you need
data_dir = '../data/mnist'
# load MNIST dataset without one hot
dataset = read_data_sets(data_dir, one_hot=False)
# Create placeholder for input images X and labels y
X = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 784])
# one_hot = False
y = tf.placeholder(tf.int32)
# One layer model graph
W = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([784, 10], stddev=0.1))
b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[10]))
logits = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(X, W) + b)
init = tf.initialize_all_variables()
cross_entropy = tf.nn.sparse_softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits, y)
# loss function
loss = tf.reduce_mean(cross_entropy)
train_op = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01).minimize(loss)
_, top_1_op = tf.nn.top_k(logits)
top_1 = tf.reshape(top_1_op, shape=[-1])
correct_classification = tf.cast(tf.equal(top_1, y), tf.float32)
# accuracy function
acc = tf.reduce_mean(correct_classification)
# define info that is used in SummaryWritter
acc_summary = tf.scalar_summary('valid_accuracy', acc)
valid_summary_op = tf.merge_summary([acc_summary])
with tf.Session() as sess:
# initialize all the variable
sess.run(init)
print("Writing Summaries to %s" % model_dir)
train_summary_writer = tf.train.SummaryWriter(model_dir, sess.graph)
# load validation dataset
valid_x = dataset.validation.images
valid_y = dataset.validation.labels
for epoch in xrange(num_epoch):
batch_x, batch_y = dataset.train.next_batch(100)
feed_dict = {X: batch_x, y: batch_y}
_, acc_value, loss_value = sess.run(
[train_op, acc, loss], feed_dict=feed_dict)
vsummary = sess.run(valid_summary_op,
feed_dict={X: valid_x,
y: valid_y})
# Write validation accuracy summary
train_summary_writer.add_summary(vsummary, epoch)
Using batching with your validation set is possible in case you are using tf.metrics ops, which use internal counters. Here is a simplified example:
model = create_model()
tf.summary.scalar('cost', model.cost_op)
acc_value_op, acc_update_op = tf.metrics.accuracy(labels,predictions)
summary_common = tf.summary.merge_all()
summary_valid = tf.summary.merge([
tf.summary.scalar('accuracy', acc_value_op),
# other metrics here...
])
with tf.Session() as sess:
train_writer = tf.summary.FileWriter(logs_path + '/train',
sess.graph)
valid_writer = tf.summary.FileWriter(logs_path + '/valid')
While training, only write the common summary using your train-writer:
summary = sess.run(summary_common)
train_writer.add_summary(summary, tf.train.global_step(sess, gstep_op))
train_writer.flush()
After every validation, write both summaries using the valid-writer:
gstep, summaryc, summaryv = sess.run([gstep_op, summary_common, summary_valid])
valid_writer.add_summary(summaryc, gstep)
valid_writer.add_summary(summaryv, gstep)
valid_writer.flush()
When using tf.metrics, don't forget to reset the internal counters (local variables) before every validation step.

Requesting multiple values from graph at same time

In the code below l2 surprisingly returns the same value as l1, but since the optimizer is being requested in the list before l2, I expected the loss to be the new loss after training. Can I not request multiple values at the same time from the graph and expect consistent output?
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=[None, 10])
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=[None, 2])
weight = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform((10, 2), dtype=tf.float32))
loss = tf.nn.sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(tf.matmul(x, weight), y)
optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(0.1).minimize(loss)
with tf.Session() as sess:
tf.initialize_all_variables().run()
X = np.random.rand(1, 10)
Y = np.array([[0, 1]])
# Evaluate loss before running training step
l1 = sess.run([loss], feed_dict={x: X, y: Y})[0][0][0]
print(l1) # 3.32393
# Running the training step
_, l2 = sess.run([optimizer, loss], feed_dict={x: X, y: Y})
print(l2[0][0]) # 3.32393 -- didn't change?
# Evaluate loss again after training step as sanity check
l3 = sess.run([loss], feed_dict={x: X, y: Y})[0][0][0]
print(l3) # 2.71041
No - the order in which you request them in the list has no effect on the evaluation order. For side-effect-having operations such as the optimizer, if you want to guarantee a specific ordering, you need to enforce it using with_dependencies or similar control-flow constructs. In general, ignoring side-effects, TensorFlow will return results to you by grabbing the node from the graph as soon as it's computed - and, obviously, the loss is computed before the optimizer, since the optimizer requires the loss as one of its input. (Remember that 'loss' is not a variable; it's a tensor; so it's not actually affected by the optimizer step.)
sess.run([loss, optimizer], ...)
and
sess.run([optimizer, loss], ...)
are equivalent.
As Dave points out, the order of arguments to Session.run() has no effect on the order of evaluation, and the loss tensor in your example does not have a dependency on the optimizer op. To add a dependency, you could use tf.control_dependencies() to add an explicit dependency on the optimizer running before fetching the loss:
with tf.control_dependencies([optimizer]):
loss_after_optimizer = tf.identity(loss)
_, l2 = sess.run([optimizer, loss_after_optimizer], feed_dict={x: X, y: Y})
I've tested logistic regression implemented in tensorflow with three ways of session.run:
all together
res1, res2, res3 = sess.run([op1, op2, op3])
separately
res1 = sess.run(op1)
res2 = sess.run(op2)
res3 = sess.run(op3)
with dependencies
with tf.control_dependencies([op1]):
op2_after = tf.identity(op1)
op3_after = tf.identity(op1)
res1,res2,res3 = session.run([op1, op2_after, op3_after])
set batch size as 10000, the result is:
1: 0.05+ secs < 2: 0.11+ secs < 3: 0.25+ secs
The main difference between 1 and 3 is only one mini-batch. It may not worth it to use 3 instead of 1.
Here is the test code (it is an LR example written by someone else...).
Here is the data
#!/usr/bin/env python2
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Fri Jun 2 13:38:14 2017
#author: inse7en
"""
from __future__ import print_function
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from six.moves import cPickle as pickle
import time
pickle_file = '/Users/inse7en/Downloads/notMNIST.pickle'
with open(pickle_file, 'rb') as f:
save = pickle.load(f)
train_dataset = save['train_dataset']
train_labels = save['train_labels']
valid_dataset = save['valid_dataset']
valid_labels = save['valid_labels']
test_dataset = save['test_dataset']
test_labels = save['test_labels']
del save # hint to help gc free up memory
print('Training set', train_dataset.shape, train_labels.shape)
print('Validation set', valid_dataset.shape, valid_labels.shape)
print('Test set', test_dataset.shape, test_labels.shape)
image_size = 28
num_labels = 10
def reformat(dataset, labels):
dataset = dataset.reshape((-1, image_size * image_size)).astype(np.float32)
# Map 2 to [0.0, 1.0, 0.0 ...], 3 to [0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ...]
labels = (np.arange(num_labels) == labels[:,None]).astype(np.float32)
return dataset, labels
train_dataset, train_labels = reformat(train_dataset, train_labels)
valid_dataset, valid_labels = reformat(valid_dataset, valid_labels)
test_dataset, test_labels = reformat(test_dataset, test_labels)
print('Training set', train_dataset.shape, train_labels.shape)
print('Validation set', valid_dataset.shape, valid_labels.shape)
print('Test set', test_dataset.shape, test_labels.shape)
# This is to expedite the process
train_subset = 10000
# This is a good beta value to start with
beta = 0.01
graph = tf.Graph()
with graph.as_default():
# Input data.
# They're all constants.
tf_train_dataset = tf.constant(train_dataset[:train_subset, :])
tf_train_labels = tf.constant(train_labels[:train_subset])
tf_valid_dataset = tf.constant(valid_dataset)
tf_test_dataset = tf.constant(test_dataset)
# Variables
# They are variables we want to update and optimize.
weights = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([image_size * image_size, num_labels]))
biases = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([num_labels]))
# Training computation.
logits = tf.matmul(tf_train_dataset, weights) + biases
# Original loss function
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits, tf_train_labels))
# Loss function using L2 Regularization
regularizer = tf.nn.l2_loss(weights)
loss = tf.reduce_mean(loss + beta * regularizer)
# Optimizer.
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5).minimize(loss)
# Predictions for the training, validation, and test data.
train_prediction = tf.nn.softmax(logits)
valid_prediction = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(tf_valid_dataset, weights) + biases)
test_prediction = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(tf_test_dataset, weights) + biases)
num_steps = 50
def accuracy(predictions, labels):
return (100.0 * np.sum(np.argmax(predictions, 1) == np.argmax(labels, 1))
/ predictions.shape[0])
with tf.Session(graph=graph) as session:
# This is a one-time operation which ensures the parameters get initialized as
# we described in the graph: random weights for the matrix, zeros for the
# biases.
tf.initialize_all_variables().run()
print('Initialized')
for step in range(num_steps):
# Run the computations. We tell .run() that we want to run the optimizer,
# and get the loss value and the training predictions returned as numpy
# arrays.
#_, l, predictions = session.run([optimizer, loss, train_prediction])
start_time = time.time()
with tf.control_dependencies([optimizer]):
loss_after_optimizer = tf.identity(loss)
predictions_after = tf.identity(train_prediction)
regularizers_after = tf.identity(regularizer)
_, l, predictions,regularizers = session.run([optimizer, loss_after_optimizer, predictions_after, regularizers_after])
print("--- with dependencies: %s seconds ---" % (time.time() - start_time))
#start_time = time.time()
#opt = session.run(optimizer)
#l = session.run(loss)
#predictions = session.run(train_prediction)
#regularizers = session.run(regularizer)
#print("--- run separately: %s seconds ---" % (time.time() - start_time))
#start_time = time.time()
#_, l, predictions,regularizers = session.run([optimizer, loss, train_prediction, regularizer])
#print("--- all together: %s seconds ---" % (time.time() - start_time))
#if (step % 100 == 0):
#print('Loss at step {}: {}'.format(step, l))
#print('Training accuracy: {:.1f}'.format(accuracy(predictions,
#train_labels[:train_subset, :])))
# Calling .eval() on valid_prediction is basically like calling run(), but
# just to get that one numpy array. Note that it recomputes all its graph
# dependencies.
# You don't have to do .eval above because we already ran the session for the
# train_prediction
#print('Validation accuracy: {:.1f}'.format(accuracy(valid_prediction.eval(),
#valid_labels)))
#print('Test accuracy: {:.1f}'.format(accuracy(test_prediction.eval(), test_labels)))
#print(regularizer)