I have two tables which track part numbers as well as the hierarchy of assemblies.
Table: Config
ConfigNum AssemblyNum Qty
1 A 1
1 B 2
1 C 2
2 A 1
2 C 1
Table: SubAssembly
SubAssembly PartNum Qty
A AA 2
A BB 4
A CC 2
A DD 4
B EE 4
B FF 8
AA AAA 2
I would like to create a flat version of these tables which shows the ConfigNum (Top level parent) with all associated assembly and part numbers, for each ConfigNum in the Config table. The column Config.AssemblyNum is equivalent to SubAssembly.SubAssembly.
For this problem I think you must use a recursive query. In fact I think SubAssembly table should have some ProductID field other than SubAssembly to easily identify the main product that contains assemblies.
You can find a similar example in SLQ Server documentation.
Can check it here: http://rextester.com/FQYI80157
Change the Qty in Config table to change the final result.
create table #t1 (cfg int, part varchar(10), qty int);
create table #t2 (part varchar(10), sasm varchar(10), qty int);
insert into #t1 values (1,'A',2);
insert into #t2 values ('AA','AAA',2),('A','AA',2),('A','BB',4),('A','CC',2),('A','DD',4);
WITH cte(sasm, part, qty)
AS (
SELECT sasm, part, qty
FROM #t2 WHERE part = 'A'
UNION ALL
SELECT p.sasm, p.part, p.qty * pr.qty
FROM cte pr, #t2 p
WHERE p.part = pr.sasm
)
SELECT #t1.cfg, cte.part, cte.sasm, SUM(cte.qty * COALESCE(#t1.qty,1)) as total_quantity
FROM cte
left join #t1 on cte.part = #t1.part
GROUP BY #t1.cfg, cte.part, cte.sasm;
This is the result:
+---+------+------+------+----------------+
| | cfg | part | sasm | total_quantity |
+---+------+------+------+----------------+
| 1 | NULL | AA | AAA | 4 |
| 2 | 1 | A | AA | 4 |
| 3 | 1 | A | BB | 8 |
| 4 | 1 | A | CC | 4 |
| 5 | 1 | A | DD | 8 |
+---+------+------+------+----------------+
Related
My question is similar to this one but more involved. Suppose I have a table A with id idA, and another table B with idB and foreign key idA. I would like to duplicate all entries of A, including corresponding entries in B. For example, if I have the following tables at the start:
A
|---|
|idA|
|---|
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
|---|
B
|---|---|
|idB|idA|
|---|---|
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 3 | 2 |
|---|---|
Then the result should be:
A
|---|
|idA|
|---|
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 5 |
| 6 |
|---|
B
|---|---|
|idB|idA|
|---|---|
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 6 | 5 |
|---|---|
This is quite tricky. You need to insert the ids into the a -- but then be able to match them back to the existing ids to insert the right values into b.
A generic solution looks like this:
with i as (
insert into a
select . . . -- the other columns you want
from a
order by idA
returning *
),
a_mapping (
select a.idA, i.idA as new_idA
from (select a.*, row_number() over (order by idA) as seqnum
from a
) a join
(select i.*, row_number() over (order by idA) as seqnum
from i
) i
on a.seqnum = i.seqnum
)
insert into b (idA) (
select am.new_idA
from b join
a_mapping am
on b.idA = am.idA;
Note: If you have another unique column or columns in the row, then the mapping is a little easier to generate. Of course, if you are copying all the columns, then nothing else is unique, so you do need the row_number().
Of course, for your very simple example, you don't need a mapping table. You can just use:
with i as (
insert into a
select . . . -- the other columns you want
from a
order by idA
returning *
)
insert into b (idA) (
select i.idA
from i
I have an approach which may be equivalent to what Gordon Linoff suggests, I would be grateful if you could point out any flaws!
Let's set up the tables:
CREATE TABLE A(
idA SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
txt varchar);
INSERT INTO A(txt)
VALUES ('A1'), ('A2'),('A3');
CREATE TABLE B(
idB SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
idA int REFERENCES A(idA),
txt varchar);
INSERT INTO B(idA, txt)
VALUES (1, 'A1.B1'), (1, 'A1.B2'), (2, 'A2.B1');
so the initial data looks as follows:
SELECT * FROM (A LEFT JOIN B ON A.idA=B.idA) ORDER BY A.idA, B.idB;
ida | txt | idb | ida | txt
-----+-----+-----+-----+-------
1 | A1 | 1 | 1 | A1.B1
1 | A1 | 2 | 1 | A1.B2
2 | A2 | 3 | 2 | A2.B1
3 | A3 | | |
(4 rows)
Now, we can use the NEXTVAL function to generate the mappings directly:
CREATE TEMP TABLE tmp_A_new AS (
SELECT *, NEXTVAL('A_idA_seq') as newidA
FROM A ORDER BY idA -- order probably not needed
);
INSERT INTO A(idA, txt) (SELECT newidA, txt FROM tmp_A_new);
CREATE TEMP TABLE tmp_B_new AS (
SELECT B.idB, newidA, B.txt, NEXTVAL('B_idB_seq') as newidB
FROM B, tmp_A_new WHERE B.idA=tmp_A_new.idA ORDER BY idB
);
INSERT INTO B(idB, idA, txt) (SELECT newidB, newidA, txt FROM tmp_B_new);
The results look correct:
SELECT * FROM (A LEFT JOIN B ON A.idA=B.idA) ORDER BY A.idA, B.idB;
ida | txt | idb | ida | txt
-----+-----+-----+-----+-------
1 | A1 | 1 | 1 | A1.B1
1 | A1 | 2 | 1 | A1.B2
2 | A2 | 3 | 2 | A2.B1
3 | A3 | | |
4 | A1 | 4 | 4 | A1.B1
4 | A1 | 5 | 4 | A1.B2
5 | A2 | 6 | 5 | A2.B1
6 | A3 | | |
(8 rows)
Note that this could be continued further down to C, D, etc.
I would be glad for any comments :)
I have a table that contains parents and 0 or more children for each parent, with a flag indicating which records are parents. All of the members of a given family have the same parent id, and the parent always has the lowest id in a given family. Also, each child has a value associated with it. (Specifically, this is a database of emails and attachments, where each parent is an email and the children are the attachments.)
I have two fields I need to calculate:
Range = {lowest id in family} - {highest id in family} [populated for all members]
Value-list = {delimited list of the values of each child, in id order} [only for parent]
So, given this:
Id | Parent| HasChildren| Value | Range | Value-list
----------------------------------------|-----------
1 | 1 | 1 | | |
2 | 1 | 0 | a | |
3 | 1 | 0 | b | |
4 | 4 | 1 | | |
5 | 4 | 0 | c | |
6 | 6 | 0 | | |
I would like to end up with this:
Id | Parent| HasChildren| Value | Range | Value-list
----------------------------------------|-----------
1 | 1 | 1 | | 1-3 | a;b
2 | 1 | 0 | a | 1-3 |
3 | 1 | 0 | b | 1-3 |
4 | 4 | 1 | | 4-5 | c
5 | 4 | 0 | c | 4-5 |
6 | 6 | 0 | | 6-6 |
How can I do this efficiently? Ideally, I'd like to do this with just set-based logic, without cursors, or even stored procedures. Temporary tables are fine.
I'm working in T-SQL, if that makes a difference, though I'd be curious to see platform agnostic answers.
The following SQLFiddle Solution should do the job for you, however as #Allan mentioned, you might want to revise your database structure.
Using CTE's:
Note: my query uses table1 as name of Your table
with cte as(
select parent
,ValueList= stuff(( select ';' +isnull(t2.Value, '')
from table1 t2
where t1.parent=t2.parent
order by t2.value
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)'), 1, 2, '')
from table1 t1
group by parent
),
cte2 as (select parent
, min(id) as firstID
, max(id) as LastID
from table1
group by parent)
select *
,(select FirstID from cte2 t2 where t2.parent=t1.parent)+'-'+(select LastID from cte2 t2 where t2.parent=t1.parent) as [Range]
,(select ValueList from cte t2 where t1.parent=t2.parent and t1.[haschildren]='1') as [Value -List]
from table1 t1
I have two tables: States, and Items.
States:
+----+------+-------+----------+
| id | name | state | priority |
+----+------+-------+----------+
| 1 | AA | 10 | 1 |
| 2 | AB | 10 | 2 |
| 3 | AC | 10 | 3 |
| 4 | BA | 20 | 1 |
| 5 | BB | 20 | 5 |
| 6 | BC | 20 | 10 |
| 7 | BD | 20 | 50 |
+----+------+-------+----------+
Items:
+----+--------+-------+
| id | item | state |
+----+--------+-------+
| 1 | Blue | 10 |
| 2 | Red | 20 |
| 3 | Green | 20 |
| 4 | Yellow | 10 |
| 5 | Brown | 10 |
+----+--------+-------+
The priority column is not used in the Items table, but complicates getting the data I need, as shown below.
What I want is a list of the rows in the Items table, replacing the state.id value in each row with the name of the highest priority state.
Results would look like this:
+----+--------+-------+
| id | item | state |
+----+--------+-------+
| 1 | Blue | AC |
| 2 | Red | BD |
| 3 | Green | BD |
| 4 | Yellow | AC |
| 5 | Brown | AC |
+----+--------+-------+
Here's the tiny monster I've come up with. Is this the best way, or can I be more efficient / less verbose? (Sub-sub-selects make my palms itch. :-P )
SELECT *
FROM
Items AS itm
INNER JOIN (SELECT sta.name, sta.state
FROM (SELECT state, MAX(priority) [highest]
FROM States
GROUP BY state) AS pri
INNER JOIN States AS sta
ON sta.state = pri.state
AND sta.priority = pri.highest) AS nam
ON item.state = name.state
Update: I'm using MS-SQL 2005 and MS-SQL 2008R2
You did not post your version of SQL-Server. Assuming you are on 2005 or later you can use the ROW_NUMBER() function together with a cross apply like this:
CREATE TABLE dbo.States(id INT, name NVARCHAR(25), state INT, priority INT);
INSERT INTO dbo.States
VALUES
( 1 ,'AA', 10 , 1 ),
( 2 ,'AB', 10 , 2 ),
( 3 ,'AC', 10 , 3 ),
( 4 ,'BA', 20 , 1 ),
( 5 ,'BB', 20 , 5 ),
( 6 ,'BC', 20 , 10 ),
( 7 ,'BD', 20 , 50 );
CREATE TABLE dbo.Items( id INT ,item NVARCHAR(25), state INT );
INSERT INTO dbo.Items
VALUES
( 1 ,'Blue', 10 ),
( 2 ,'Red', 20 ),
( 3 ,'Green', 20 ),
( 4 ,'Yellow', 10 ),
( 5 ,'Brown', 10 );
SELECT i.id,
i.item,
s.name,
s.priority
FROM dbo.Items i
CROSS APPLY (
SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY priority DESC) rn FROM dbo.States si WHERE si.state = i.state
)s
WHERE s.rn = 1;
The cross apply works like a join but allows to reference columns on the left side in the right side as you can see in the where clause. The ROW_NUMBER() function numbers all rows in the states table that match the current state value in reverse priority order so that the row with the highest priority always gets the number 1. The final where clause is filtering out just those rows.
EDIT:
I just started a blog series about joins: A Join A Day
The Cross Apply will be topic of day 8 (12/8/2012).
I have been looking at CROSS / OUTER APPLY with a colleague and we're struggling to find real life examples of where to use them.
I've spent quite a lot of time looking at When should I use CROSS APPLY over INNER JOIN? and googling but the main (only) example seems pretty bizarre (using the rowcount from a table to determine how many rows to select from another table).
I thought this scenario may benefit from OUTER APPLY:
Contacts Table (contains 1 record for each contact)
Communication Entries Table (can contain a phone, fax, email for each contact)
But using subqueries, common table expressions, OUTER JOIN with RANK() and OUTER APPLY all seem to perform equally. I'm guessing this means the scenario isn't applicable to APPLY.
Please share some real life examples and help explain the feature!
Some uses for APPLY are...
1) Top N per group queries (can be more efficient for some cardinalities)
SELECT pr.name,
pa.name
FROM sys.procedures pr
OUTER APPLY (SELECT TOP 2 *
FROM sys.parameters pa
WHERE pa.object_id = pr.object_id
ORDER BY pr.name) pa
ORDER BY pr.name,
pa.name
2) Calling a Table Valued Function for each row in the outer query
SELECT *
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats AS qs
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan(qs.plan_handle)
3) Reusing a column alias
SELECT number,
doubled_number,
doubled_number_plus_one
FROM master..spt_values
CROSS APPLY (SELECT 2 * CAST(number AS BIGINT)) CA1(doubled_number)
CROSS APPLY (SELECT doubled_number + 1) CA2(doubled_number_plus_one)
4) Unpivoting more than one group of columns
Assumes 1NF violating table structure....
CREATE TABLE T
(
Id INT PRIMARY KEY,
Foo1 INT, Foo2 INT, Foo3 INT,
Bar1 INT, Bar2 INT, Bar3 INT
);
Example using 2008+ VALUES syntax.
SELECT Id,
Foo,
Bar
FROM T
CROSS APPLY (VALUES(Foo1, Bar1),
(Foo2, Bar2),
(Foo3, Bar3)) V(Foo, Bar);
In 2005 UNION ALL can be used instead.
SELECT Id,
Foo,
Bar
FROM T
CROSS APPLY (SELECT Foo1, Bar1
UNION ALL
SELECT Foo2, Bar2
UNION ALL
SELECT Foo3, Bar3) V(Foo, Bar);
There are various situations where you cannot avoid CROSS APPLY or OUTER APPLY.
Consider you have two tables.
MASTER TABLE
x------x--------------------x
| Id | Name |
x------x--------------------x
| 1 | A |
| 2 | B |
| 3 | C |
x------x--------------------x
DETAILS TABLE
x------x--------------------x-------x
| Id | PERIOD | QTY |
x------x--------------------x-------x
| 1 | 2014-01-13 | 10 |
| 1 | 2014-01-11 | 15 |
| 1 | 2014-01-12 | 20 |
| 2 | 2014-01-06 | 30 |
| 2 | 2014-01-08 | 40 |
x------x--------------------x-------x
CROSS APPLY
There are many situation where we need to replace INNER JOIN with CROSS APPLY.
1. If we want to join 2 tables on TOP n results with INNER JOIN functionality
Consider if we need to select Id and Name from Master and last two dates for each Id from Details table.
SELECT M.ID,M.NAME,D.PERIOD,D.QTY
FROM MASTER M
INNER JOIN
(
SELECT TOP 2 ID, PERIOD,QTY
FROM DETAILS D
ORDER BY CAST(PERIOD AS DATE)DESC
)D
ON M.ID=D.ID
The above query generates the following result.
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| Id | Name | PERIOD | QTY |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| 1 | A | 2014-01-13 | 10 |
| 1 | A | 2014-01-12 | 20 |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
See, it generated results for last two dates with last two date's Id and then joined these records only in outer query on Id, which is wrong. To accomplish this, we need to use CROSS APPLY.
SELECT M.ID,M.NAME,D.PERIOD,D.QTY
FROM MASTER M
CROSS APPLY
(
SELECT TOP 2 ID, PERIOD,QTY
FROM DETAILS D
WHERE M.ID=D.ID
ORDER BY CAST(PERIOD AS DATE)DESC
)D
and forms he following result.
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| Id | Name | PERIOD | QTY |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| 1 | A | 2014-01-13 | 10 |
| 1 | A | 2014-01-12 | 20 |
| 2 | B | 2014-01-08 | 40 |
| 2 | B | 2014-01-06 | 30 |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
Here is the working. The query inside CROSS APPLY can reference the outer table, where INNER JOIN cannot do this(throws compile error). When finding the last two dates, joining is done inside CROSS APPLY ie, WHERE M.ID=D.ID.
2. When we need INNER JOIN functionality using functions.
CROSS APPLY can be used as a replacement with INNER JOIN when we need to get result from Master table and a function.
SELECT M.ID,M.NAME,C.PERIOD,C.QTY
FROM MASTER M
CROSS APPLY dbo.FnGetQty(M.ID) C
And here is the function
CREATE FUNCTION FnGetQty
(
#Id INT
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
(
SELECT ID,PERIOD,QTY
FROM DETAILS
WHERE ID=#Id
)
which generated the following result
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| Id | Name | PERIOD | QTY |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| 1 | A | 2014-01-13 | 10 |
| 1 | A | 2014-01-11 | 15 |
| 1 | A | 2014-01-12 | 20 |
| 2 | B | 2014-01-06 | 30 |
| 2 | B | 2014-01-08 | 40 |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
OUTER APPLY
1. If we want to join 2 tables on TOP n results with LEFT JOIN functionality
Consider if we need to select Id and Name from Master and last two dates for each Id from Details table.
SELECT M.ID,M.NAME,D.PERIOD,D.QTY
FROM MASTER M
LEFT JOIN
(
SELECT TOP 2 ID, PERIOD,QTY
FROM DETAILS D
ORDER BY CAST(PERIOD AS DATE)DESC
)D
ON M.ID=D.ID
which forms the following result
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| Id | Name | PERIOD | QTY |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| 1 | A | 2014-01-13 | 10 |
| 1 | A | 2014-01-12 | 20 |
| 2 | B | NULL | NULL |
| 3 | C | NULL | NULL |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
This will bring wrong results ie, it will bring only latest two dates data from Details table irrespective of Id even though we join with Id. So the proper solution is using OUTER APPLY.
SELECT M.ID,M.NAME,D.PERIOD,D.QTY
FROM MASTER M
OUTER APPLY
(
SELECT TOP 2 ID, PERIOD,QTY
FROM DETAILS D
WHERE M.ID=D.ID
ORDER BY CAST(PERIOD AS DATE)DESC
)D
which forms the following desired result
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| Id | Name | PERIOD | QTY |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| 1 | A | 2014-01-13 | 10 |
| 1 | A | 2014-01-12 | 20 |
| 2 | B | 2014-01-08 | 40 |
| 2 | B | 2014-01-06 | 30 |
| 3 | C | NULL | NULL |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
2. When we need LEFT JOIN functionality using functions.
OUTER APPLY can be used as a replacement with LEFT JOIN when we need to get result from Master table and a function.
SELECT M.ID,M.NAME,C.PERIOD,C.QTY
FROM MASTER M
OUTER APPLY dbo.FnGetQty(M.ID) C
And the function goes here.
CREATE FUNCTION FnGetQty
(
#Id INT
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
(
SELECT ID,PERIOD,QTY
FROM DETAILS
WHERE ID=#Id
)
which generated the following result
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| Id | Name | PERIOD | QTY |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
| 1 | A | 2014-01-13 | 10 |
| 1 | A | 2014-01-11 | 15 |
| 1 | A | 2014-01-12 | 20 |
| 2 | B | 2014-01-06 | 30 |
| 2 | B | 2014-01-08 | 40 |
| 3 | C | NULL | NULL |
x------x---------x--------------x-------x
Common feature of CROSS APPLY and OUTER APPLY
CROSS APPLY or OUTER APPLY can be used to retain NULL values when unpivoting, which are interchangeable.
Consider you have the below table
x------x-------------x--------------x
| Id | FROMDATE | TODATE |
x------x-------------x--------------x
| 1 | 2014-01-11 | 2014-01-13 |
| 1 | 2014-02-23 | 2014-02-27 |
| 2 | 2014-05-06 | 2014-05-30 |
| 3 | NULL | NULL |
x------x-------------x--------------x
When you use UNPIVOT to bring FROMDATE AND TODATE to one column, it will eliminate NULL values by default.
SELECT ID,DATES
FROM MYTABLE
UNPIVOT (DATES FOR COLS IN (FROMDATE,TODATE)) P
which generates the below result. Note that we have missed the record of Id number 3
x------x-------------x
| Id | DATES |
x------x-------------x
| 1 | 2014-01-11 |
| 1 | 2014-01-13 |
| 1 | 2014-02-23 |
| 1 | 2014-02-27 |
| 2 | 2014-05-06 |
| 2 | 2014-05-30 |
x------x-------------x
In such cases a CROSS APPLY or OUTER APPLY will be useful
SELECT DISTINCT ID,DATES
FROM MYTABLE
OUTER APPLY(VALUES (FROMDATE),(TODATE))
COLUMNNAMES(DATES)
which forms the following result and retains Id where its value is 3
x------x-------------x
| Id | DATES |
x------x-------------x
| 1 | 2014-01-11 |
| 1 | 2014-01-13 |
| 1 | 2014-02-23 |
| 1 | 2014-02-27 |
| 2 | 2014-05-06 |
| 2 | 2014-05-30 |
| 3 | NULL |
x------x-------------x
One real life example would be if you had a scheduler and wanted to see what the most recent log entry was for each scheduled task.
select t.taskName, lg.logResult, lg.lastUpdateDate
from task t
cross apply (select top 1 taskID, logResult, lastUpdateDate
from taskLog l
where l.taskID = t.taskID
order by lastUpdateDate desc) lg
To answer the point above knock up an example:
create table #task (taskID int identity primary key not null, taskName varchar(50) not null)
create table #log (taskID int not null, reportDate datetime not null, result varchar(50) not null, primary key(reportDate, taskId))
insert #task select 'Task 1'
insert #task select 'Task 2'
insert #task select 'Task 3'
insert #task select 'Task 4'
insert #task select 'Task 5'
insert #task select 'Task 6'
insert #log
select taskID, 39951 + number, 'Result text...'
from #task
cross join (
select top 1000 row_number() over (order by a.id) as number from syscolumns a cross join syscolumns b cross join syscolumns c) n
And now run the two queries with a execution plan.
select t.taskID, t.taskName, lg.reportDate, lg.result
from #task t
left join (select taskID, reportDate, result, rank() over (partition by taskID order by reportDate desc) rnk from #log) lg
on lg.taskID = t.taskID and lg.rnk = 1
select t.taskID, t.taskName, lg.reportDate, lg.result
from #task t
outer apply ( select top 1 l.*
from #log l
where l.taskID = t.taskID
order by reportDate desc) lg
You can see that the outer apply query is more efficient. (Couldn't attach the plan as I'm a new user... Doh.)
How can I insert to a table a value from "grouping" other table?
That means I have 2 table with different structure.
The table ORDRE with existed DATA
Table ORDRE:
ORDRE ID | CODE_DEST |
-------------------------
1 | a |
2 | b |
3 | c |
4 | a |
5 | a |
6 | b |
7 | g |
I want to INSERT the value FROM Table ORDRE INTO TABLE VOIT:
ID_VOIT | ORDRE ID | CODE_DEST |
---------------------------------------
1 | 1 | a |
1 | 4 | a |
1 | 5 | a |
2 | 2 | b |
2 | 6 | b |
3 | 3 | c |
4 | 7 | g |
This is my best guess on what you need using only the info available.
declare #Ordre table
(
ordre_id int,
code_dest char(1)
)
declare #Voit table
(
id_voit int,
ordre_id int,
code_dest char(1)
)
insert into #Ordre values
(1,'a'),
(2,'b'),
(3,'c'),
(4,'a'),
(5,'a'),
(6,'b'),
(7,'g')
insert into #Voit
select id_voit, ordre_id, rsOrdre.code_dest
from #Ordre rsOrdre
inner join
(
select code_dest, ROW_NUMBER() over (order by code_dest) as id_voit
from #Ordre
group by code_dest
) rsVoit on rsVoit.code_dest = rsOrdre.code_dest
order by id_voit, ordre_id
select * from #Voit
Working Example.
For the specific data you give as an example, this works:
insert into VOIT
select
case code_dest
when 'a' then 1
when 'b' then 2
when 'c' then 3
when 'g' then 4
else 0
end, orderId, code_dest from ORDRE order by code_dest, orderId
But it kind of sucks because it requires hard-coding in a huge case statement.
Test is here - https://data.stackexchange.com/stackoverflow/q/119442/
What I like more is moving the VOIT ID / Code_Dest associations to a new table, so then you could do an inner join instead.
insert into VOIT
select voit_id, orderId, t.code_dest
from ORDRE t
join Voit_CodeDest t2 on t.code_dest = t2.code_dest
order by code_dest, orderId
Working example of that here - https://data.stackexchange.com/stackoverflow/q/119443/