I want to connect airplanes in origin (lat_1 lon_1) to dest(lat_2 lon_2). I use these data.
callsign
latitude_1
longitude_1
latitude_2
longitude_2
0
HBAL102
-4.82114
-76.3194
-4.5249
-79.0103
1
AUA1028
-33.9635
151.181
48.1174
16.55
2
ABW120
41.9659
-87.8832
55.9835
37.4958
3
CSN461
33.9363
-118.414
50.0357
8.5723
4
ETH3730
25.3864
55.4221
50.6342
5.43903
But unfortunately, I would get an incorrect result when creating LineString with shapely. I used everything like rotate and affine but it didn't correct.
Code:
cols = pd.read_csv("/content/dirct_lines.csv",sep=";")
line = cols[["callsign","latitude_1","longitude_1","latitude_2","longitude_2"]].dropna()
line['geometry'] = line.apply(lambda x: [(x['latitude_1'],
x['longitude_1']),
(x['latitude_2'],
x['longitude_2'])], axis = 1)
geoline = gpd.GeoDataFrame(line,geometry="geometry",
crs="EPSG:4326")
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
world = gpd.read_file(gpd.datasets.get_path('naturalearth_lowres'))
ax = world.plot(figsize=(14,9),
color='white', edgecolor='black')
geoline.plot(figsize=(14,9),ax=ax,facecolor = 'lightgrey', linewidth = 1.75,
edgecolor = 'red',
alpha = 2)
plt.show()
Shapely Output:
something that was interesting for me was that when I use Matplotlib to create lines everything is correct.
Code:
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8))
ax = fig.add_subplot(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.stock_img()
org_lon, org_lat = cols["longitude_1"], cols["latitude_1"]
dst_lon, dst_lat = cols["longitude_2"], cols["latitude_2"]
plt.plot([org_lon, dst_lon], [org_lat, dst_lat],
color='black', linewidth=0.5, marker='_',
transform=ccrs.PlateCarree()
)
plt.savefig(f"fight_path.png",dpi=60,facecolor = None, bbox_inches = 'tight', pad_inches = None)
plt.show()
Matplotlib Output:
What is the problem?
why isn't correct by shapely?
it's just the way you are creating the geometry. Below works correctly.
import io
import geopandas as gpd
import pandas as pd
import shapely.geometry
df = pd.read_csv(
io.StringIO(
"""callsign,latitude_1,longitude_1,latitude_2,longitude_2
HBAL102,-4.82114,-76.3194,-4.5249,-79.0103
AUA1028,-33.9635,151.181,48.1174,16.55
ABW120,41.9659,-87.8832,55.9835,37.4958
CSN461,33.9363,-118.414,50.0357,8.5723
ETH3730,25.3864,55.4221,50.6342,5.43903
"""
)
)
geoline = gpd.GeoDataFrame(
geometry=[
shapely.geometry.LineString(points)
for points in zip(
gpd.points_from_xy(df["longitude_1"], df["latitude_1"]),
gpd.points_from_xy(df["longitude_2"], df["latitude_2"]),
)
],
data=df,
)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
world = gpd.read_file(gpd.datasets.get_path("naturalearth_lowres"))
ax = world.plot(figsize=(14, 9), color="white", edgecolor="black")
geoline.plot(
figsize=(14, 9),
ax=ax,
facecolor="lightgrey",
linewidth=1.75,
edgecolor="red",
)
plt.show()
I have a subplot and its tick labels overlap with the data. I would like to set the x-tick labels to have a background colour (e.g. white). Currently I have only been able to find how to change the label's colour, but not the background. I know how to get the effect using a text object as shown below. (NB - I don't want the whole subplot's margin to be coloured, but just the tick label).
MWE
import matplotlib as mpl
rc_fonts = {
"text.usetex": True,
'text.latex.preview': True,
"font.size": 50,
'mathtext.default': 'regular',
'axes.titlesize': 55,
"axes.labelsize": 55,
"legend.fontsize": 50,
"xtick.labelsize": 50,
"ytick.labelsize": 50,
'figure.titlesize': 55,
'figure.figsize': (10, 6.5), # 15, 9.3
'text.latex.preamble': [
r"""\usepackage{lmodern,amsmath,amssymb,bm,physics,mathtools,nicefrac,letltxmacro,fixcmex}
"""],
"font.family": "serif",
"font.serif": "computer modern roman",
}
mpl.rcParams.update(rc_fonts)
import matplotlib.pylab as plt
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import inset_axes, InsetPosition, mark_inset
from numpy import linspace, sin
x = linspace(0, 1, 100)
plt.clf()
ax1 = plt.gca()
ax2 = plt.axes([0, 0, 1, 1], label=str(2))
ip = InsetPosition(ax1, [0.08, 0.63, 0.45, 0.3])
ax2.set_axes_locator(ip)
ax1.plot(x, x)
ax1.plot(x, x + 0.3)
ax1.set_xlim(0, 1)
ax1.set_ylim(0, 1)
ax2.xaxis.set_tick_params(labelcolor='r')
ax1.text(0.3, 0.3, '$1$', transform=ax1.transAxes, horizontalalignment='center', verticalalignment='center', color='black', backgroundcolor='white')
To set a label's background color you may use the same property as for a text, essentially because a label is a text.
plt.setp(ax2.get_xticklabels(), backgroundcolor="limegreen")
For more sophisticated backgrounds, you could also use the bbox property.
bbox = dict(boxstyle="round", ec="limegreen", fc="limegreen", alpha=0.5)
plt.setp(ax2.get_xticklabels(), bbox=bbox)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(np.linspace(0, 1, 5), np.random.rand(5))
# set xticklabels
xtl = []
for x in ax.get_xticks():
xtl += ['lbl: {:.1f}'.format(x)]
ax.set_xticklabels(xtl)
# modify labels
for tl in ax.get_xticklabels():
txt = tl.get_text()
if txt == 'lbl: 1.0':
txt += ' (!)'
tl.set_backgroundcolor('C3')
tl.set_text(txt)
I would like to manually add a margin to the boxplots generated by the following code. At present the boxplots are too much in the corners (ends). In general there will be many boxplots (unlike this sample code), which I'd like equally spaced (like in the code), but I'd like to have a margin on the sides.
I am using matplotlib version 1.3.1
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
statistic_dict = {0.40000000000000002: [0.36003616645322273, 0.40526649416305677, 0.46522159350924536], 0.20000000000000001: [0.11932912803730165, 0.23235825966896217, 0.12380728472472625]}
def draw_boxplot(y_values, x_values, edge_color, fill_color):
bp = plt.boxplot(y_values, patch_artist=True, positions=x_values, widths=(0.05,0.05))
for element in ['boxes', 'whiskers', 'fliers', 'medians', 'caps']:
plt.setp(bp[element], color=edge_color)
plt.xlabel("x label ")
plt.ylabel("y label ")
plt.title("Title")
for patch in bp['boxes']:
patch.set(facecolor=fill_color)
y_values = statistic_dict.values()
x_values = statistic_dict.keys()
draw_boxplot(y_values, x_values, "skyblue", "white")
plt.gca().autoscale()
plt.savefig('fileName.png', bbox_inches='tight')
plt.close()
The following is a hacky workaround in case ax.margins() is not working as expected.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
statistic_dict = {0.40: [0.36, 0.40, 0.46],
0.20: [0.11, 0.23, 0.12],
0.70: [0.19, 0.23, 0.12]}
def draw_boxplot(y_values, x_values, edge_color, fill_color):
bp = plt.boxplot(y_values, patch_artist=True, positions=x_values)
for element in ['boxes', 'whiskers', 'fliers', 'medians', 'caps']:
plt.setp(bp[element], color=edge_color)
plt.xlabel("x label ")
plt.ylabel("y label ")
plt.title("Title")
for patch in bp['boxes']:
patch.set(facecolor=fill_color)
v = np.array([box.get_path().vertices for box in bp['boxes']])
margin=0.2
xmin = v[:,:5,0].min() - (max(x_values)-min(x_values))*margin
xmax = v[:,:5,0].max() + (max(x_values)-min(x_values))*margin
plt.xlim(xmin, xmax)
y_values = statistic_dict.values()
x_values = statistic_dict.keys()
draw_boxplot(y_values, x_values, "skyblue", "white")
plt.show()
I am using matplotlib to make scatter plots. Each point on the scatter plot is associated with a named object. I would like to be able to see the name of an object when I hover my cursor over the point on the scatter plot associated with that object. In particular, it would be nice to be able to quickly see the names of the points that are outliers. The closest thing I have been able to find while searching here is the annotate command, but that appears to create a fixed label on the plot. Unfortunately, with the number of points that I have, the scatter plot would be unreadable if I labeled each point. Does anyone know of a way to create labels that only appear when the cursor hovers in the vicinity of that point?
It seems none of the other answers here actually answer the question. So here is a code that uses a scatter and shows an annotation upon hovering over the scatter points.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np; np.random.seed(1)
x = np.random.rand(15)
y = np.random.rand(15)
names = np.array(list("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO"))
c = np.random.randint(1,5,size=15)
norm = plt.Normalize(1,4)
cmap = plt.cm.RdYlGn
fig,ax = plt.subplots()
sc = plt.scatter(x,y,c=c, s=100, cmap=cmap, norm=norm)
annot = ax.annotate("", xy=(0,0), xytext=(20,20),textcoords="offset points",
bbox=dict(boxstyle="round", fc="w"),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))
annot.set_visible(False)
def update_annot(ind):
pos = sc.get_offsets()[ind["ind"][0]]
annot.xy = pos
text = "{}, {}".format(" ".join(list(map(str,ind["ind"]))),
" ".join([names[n] for n in ind["ind"]]))
annot.set_text(text)
annot.get_bbox_patch().set_facecolor(cmap(norm(c[ind["ind"][0]])))
annot.get_bbox_patch().set_alpha(0.4)
def hover(event):
vis = annot.get_visible()
if event.inaxes == ax:
cont, ind = sc.contains(event)
if cont:
update_annot(ind)
annot.set_visible(True)
fig.canvas.draw_idle()
else:
if vis:
annot.set_visible(False)
fig.canvas.draw_idle()
fig.canvas.mpl_connect("motion_notify_event", hover)
plt.show()
Because people also want to use this solution for a line plot instead of a scatter, the following would be the same solution for plot (which works slightly differently).
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np; np.random.seed(1)
x = np.sort(np.random.rand(15))
y = np.sort(np.random.rand(15))
names = np.array(list("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO"))
norm = plt.Normalize(1,4)
cmap = plt.cm.RdYlGn
fig,ax = plt.subplots()
line, = plt.plot(x,y, marker="o")
annot = ax.annotate("", xy=(0,0), xytext=(-20,20),textcoords="offset points",
bbox=dict(boxstyle="round", fc="w"),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))
annot.set_visible(False)
def update_annot(ind):
x,y = line.get_data()
annot.xy = (x[ind["ind"][0]], y[ind["ind"][0]])
text = "{}, {}".format(" ".join(list(map(str,ind["ind"]))),
" ".join([names[n] for n in ind["ind"]]))
annot.set_text(text)
annot.get_bbox_patch().set_alpha(0.4)
def hover(event):
vis = annot.get_visible()
if event.inaxes == ax:
cont, ind = line.contains(event)
if cont:
update_annot(ind)
annot.set_visible(True)
fig.canvas.draw_idle()
else:
if vis:
annot.set_visible(False)
fig.canvas.draw_idle()
fig.canvas.mpl_connect("motion_notify_event", hover)
plt.show()
In case someone is looking for a solution for lines in twin axes, refer to How to make labels appear when hovering over a point in multiple axis?
In case someone is looking for a solution for bar plots, please refer to e.g. this answer.
This solution works when hovering a line without the need to click it:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Need to create as global variable so our callback(on_plot_hover) can access
fig = plt.figure()
plot = fig.add_subplot(111)
# create some curves
for i in range(4):
# Giving unique ids to each data member
plot.plot(
[i*1,i*2,i*3,i*4],
gid=i)
def on_plot_hover(event):
# Iterating over each data member plotted
for curve in plot.get_lines():
# Searching which data member corresponds to current mouse position
if curve.contains(event)[0]:
print("over %s" % curve.get_gid())
fig.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', on_plot_hover)
plt.show()
From http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/examples/event_handling/pick_event_demo.html :
from matplotlib.pyplot import figure, show
import numpy as npy
from numpy.random import rand
if 1: # picking on a scatter plot (matplotlib.collections.RegularPolyCollection)
x, y, c, s = rand(4, 100)
def onpick3(event):
ind = event.ind
print('onpick3 scatter:', ind, npy.take(x, ind), npy.take(y, ind))
fig = figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)
col = ax1.scatter(x, y, 100*s, c, picker=True)
#fig.savefig('pscoll.eps')
fig.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', onpick3)
show()
This recipe draws an annotation on picking a data point: http://scipy-cookbook.readthedocs.io/items/Matplotlib_Interactive_Plotting.html .
This recipe draws a tooltip, but it requires wxPython:
Point and line tooltips in matplotlib?
The easiest option is to use the mplcursors package.
mplcursors: read the docs
mplcursors: github
If using Anaconda, install with these instructions, otherwise use these instructions for pip.
This must be plotted in an interactive window, not inline.
For jupyter, executing something like %matplotlib qt in a cell will turn on interactive plotting. See How can I open the interactive matplotlib window in IPython notebook?
Tested in python 3.10, pandas 1.4.2, matplotlib 3.5.1, seaborn 0.11.2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas_datareader as web # only for test data; must be installed with conda or pip
from mplcursors import cursor # separate package must be installed
# reproducible sample data as a pandas dataframe
df = web.DataReader('aapl', data_source='yahoo', start='2021-03-09', end='2022-06-13')
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 7))
plt.plot(df.index, df.Close)
cursor(hover=True)
plt.show()
Pandas
ax = df.plot(y='Close', figsize=(10, 7))
cursor(hover=True)
plt.show()
Seaborn
Works with axes-level plots like sns.lineplot, and figure-level plots like sns.relplot.
import seaborn as sns
# load sample data
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.relplot(data=tips, x="total_bill", y="tip", hue="day", col="time")
cursor(hover=True)
plt.show()
The other answers did not address my need for properly showing tooltips in a recent version of Jupyter inline matplotlib figure. This one works though:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import mplcursors
np.random.seed(42)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.scatter(*np.random.random((2, 26)))
ax.set_title("Mouse over a point")
crs = mplcursors.cursor(ax,hover=True)
crs.connect("add", lambda sel: sel.annotation.set_text(
'Point {},{}'.format(sel.target[0], sel.target[1])))
plt.show()
Leading to something like the following picture when going over a point with mouse:
A slight edit on an example provided in http://matplotlib.org/users/shell.html:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.set_title('click on points')
line, = ax.plot(np.random.rand(100), '-', picker=5) # 5 points tolerance
def onpick(event):
thisline = event.artist
xdata = thisline.get_xdata()
ydata = thisline.get_ydata()
ind = event.ind
print('onpick points:', *zip(xdata[ind], ydata[ind]))
fig.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', onpick)
plt.show()
This plots a straight line plot, as Sohaib was asking
mpld3 solve it for me.
EDIT (CODE ADDED):
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import mpld3
fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw=dict(axisbg='#EEEEEE'))
N = 100
scatter = ax.scatter(np.random.normal(size=N),
np.random.normal(size=N),
c=np.random.random(size=N),
s=1000 * np.random.random(size=N),
alpha=0.3,
cmap=plt.cm.jet)
ax.grid(color='white', linestyle='solid')
ax.set_title("Scatter Plot (with tooltips!)", size=20)
labels = ['point {0}'.format(i + 1) for i in range(N)]
tooltip = mpld3.plugins.PointLabelTooltip(scatter, labels=labels)
mpld3.plugins.connect(fig, tooltip)
mpld3.show()
You can check this example
mplcursors worked for me. mplcursors provides clickable annotation for matplotlib. It is heavily inspired from mpldatacursor (https://github.com/joferkington/mpldatacursor), with a much simplified API
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import mplcursors
data = np.outer(range(10), range(1, 5))
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
lines = ax.plot(data)
ax.set_title("Click somewhere on a line.\nRight-click to deselect.\n"
"Annotations can be dragged.")
mplcursors.cursor(lines) # or just mplcursors.cursor()
plt.show()
showing object information in matplotlib statusbar
Features
no extra libraries needed
clean plot
no overlap of labels and artists
supports multi artist labeling
can handle artists from different plotting calls (like scatter, plot, add_patch)
code in library style
Code
### imports
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pylab as plt
import numpy as np
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/47166787/7128154
# https://matplotlib.org/3.3.3/api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PathCollection
# https://matplotlib.org/3.3.3/api/path_api.html#matplotlib.path.Path
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15876011/add-information-to-matplotlib-navigation-toolbar-status-bar
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36730261/matplotlib-path-contains-point
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/36335048/7128154
class StatusbarHoverManager:
"""
Manage hover information for mpl.axes.Axes object based on appearing
artists.
Attributes
----------
ax : mpl.axes.Axes
subplot to show status information
artists : list of mpl.artist.Artist
elements on the subplot, which react to mouse over
labels : list (list of strings) or strings
each element on the top level corresponds to an artist.
if the artist has items
(i.e. second return value of contains() has key 'ind'),
the element has to be of type list.
otherwise the element if of type string
cid : to reconnect motion_notify_event
"""
def __init__(self, ax):
assert isinstance(ax, mpl.axes.Axes)
def hover(event):
if event.inaxes != ax:
return
info = 'x={:.2f}, y={:.2f}'.format(event.xdata, event.ydata)
ax.format_coord = lambda x, y: info
cid = ax.figure.canvas.mpl_connect("motion_notify_event", hover)
self.ax = ax
self.cid = cid
self.artists = []
self.labels = []
def add_artist_labels(self, artist, label):
if isinstance(artist, list):
assert len(artist) == 1
artist = artist[0]
self.artists += [artist]
self.labels += [label]
def hover(event):
if event.inaxes != self.ax:
return
info = 'x={:.2f}, y={:.2f}'.format(event.xdata, event.ydata)
for aa, artist in enumerate(self.artists):
cont, dct = artist.contains(event)
if not cont:
continue
inds = dct.get('ind')
if inds is not None: # artist contains items
for ii in inds:
lbl = self.labels[aa][ii]
info += '; artist [{:d}, {:d}]: {:}'.format(
aa, ii, lbl)
else:
lbl = self.labels[aa]
info += '; artist [{:d}]: {:}'.format(aa, lbl)
self.ax.format_coord = lambda x, y: info
self.ax.figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(self.cid)
self.cid = self.ax.figure.canvas.mpl_connect(
"motion_notify_event", hover)
def demo_StatusbarHoverManager():
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
shm = StatusbarHoverManager(ax)
poly = mpl.patches.Polygon(
[[0,0], [3, 5], [5, 4], [6,1]], closed=True, color='green', zorder=0)
artist = ax.add_patch(poly)
shm.add_artist_labels(artist, 'polygon')
artist = ax.scatter([2.5, 1, 2, 3], [6, 1, 1, 7], c='blue', s=10**2)
lbls = ['point ' + str(ii) for ii in range(4)]
shm.add_artist_labels(artist, lbls)
artist = ax.plot(
[0, 0, 1, 5, 3], [0, 1, 1, 0, 2], marker='o', color='red')
lbls = ['segment ' + str(ii) for ii in range(5)]
shm.add_artist_labels(artist, lbls)
plt.show()
# --- main
if __name__== "__main__":
demo_StatusbarHoverManager()
I have made a multi-line annotation system to add to: https://stackoverflow.com/a/47166787/10302020.
for the most up to date version:
https://github.com/AidenBurgess/MultiAnnotationLineGraph
Simply change the data in the bottom section.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def update_annot(ind, line, annot, ydata):
x, y = line.get_data()
annot.xy = (x[ind["ind"][0]], y[ind["ind"][0]])
# Get x and y values, then format them to be displayed
x_values = " ".join(list(map(str, ind["ind"])))
y_values = " ".join(str(ydata[n]) for n in ind["ind"])
text = "{}, {}".format(x_values, y_values)
annot.set_text(text)
annot.get_bbox_patch().set_alpha(0.4)
def hover(event, line_info):
line, annot, ydata = line_info
vis = annot.get_visible()
if event.inaxes == ax:
# Draw annotations if cursor in right position
cont, ind = line.contains(event)
if cont:
update_annot(ind, line, annot, ydata)
annot.set_visible(True)
fig.canvas.draw_idle()
else:
# Don't draw annotations
if vis:
annot.set_visible(False)
fig.canvas.draw_idle()
def plot_line(x, y):
line, = plt.plot(x, y, marker="o")
# Annotation style may be changed here
annot = ax.annotate("", xy=(0, 0), xytext=(-20, 20), textcoords="offset points",
bbox=dict(boxstyle="round", fc="w"),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))
annot.set_visible(False)
line_info = [line, annot, y]
fig.canvas.mpl_connect("motion_notify_event",
lambda event: hover(event, line_info))
# Your data values to plot
x1 = range(21)
y1 = range(0, 21)
x2 = range(21)
y2 = range(0, 42, 2)
# Plot line graphs
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
plot_line(x1, y1)
plot_line(x2, y2)
plt.show()
Based off Markus Dutschke" and "ImportanceOfBeingErnest", I (imo) simplified the code and made it more modular.
Also this doesn't require additional packages to be installed.
import matplotlib.pylab as plt
import numpy as np
plt.close('all')
fh, ax = plt.subplots()
#Generate some data
y,x = np.histogram(np.random.randn(10000), bins=500)
x = x[:-1]
colors = ['#0000ff', '#00ff00','#ff0000']
x2, y2 = x,y/10
x3, y3 = x, np.random.randn(500)*10+40
#Plot
h1 = ax.plot(x, y, color=colors[0])
h2 = ax.plot(x2, y2, color=colors[1])
h3 = ax.scatter(x3, y3, color=colors[2], s=1)
artists = h1 + h2 + [h3] #concatenating lists
labels = [list('ABCDE'*100),list('FGHIJ'*100),list('klmno'*100)] #define labels shown
#___ Initialize annotation arrow
annot = ax.annotate("", xy=(0,0), xytext=(20,20),textcoords="offset points",
bbox=dict(boxstyle="round", fc="w"),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))
annot.set_visible(False)
def on_plot_hover(event):
if event.inaxes != ax: #exit if mouse is not on figure
return
is_vis = annot.get_visible() #check if an annotation is visible
# x,y = event.xdata,event.ydata #coordinates of mouse in graph
for ii, artist in enumerate(artists):
is_contained, dct = artist.contains(event)
if(is_contained):
if('get_data' in dir(artist)): #for plot
data = list(zip(*artist.get_data()))
elif('get_offsets' in dir(artist)): #for scatter
data = artist.get_offsets().data
inds = dct['ind'] #get which data-index is under the mouse
#___ Set Annotation settings
xy = data[inds[0]] #get 1st position only
annot.xy = xy
annot.set_text(f'pos={xy},text={labels[ii][inds[0]]}')
annot.get_bbox_patch().set_edgecolor(colors[ii])
annot.get_bbox_patch().set_alpha(0.7)
annot.set_visible(True)
fh.canvas.draw_idle()
else:
if is_vis:
annot.set_visible(False) #disable when not hovering
fh.canvas.draw_idle()
fh.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', on_plot_hover)
Giving the following result:
Maybe this helps anybody, but I have adapted the #ImportanceOfBeingErnest's answer to work with patches and classes. Features:
The entire framework is contained inside of a single class, so all of the used variables are only available within their relevant scopes.
Can create multiple distinct sets of patches
Hovering over a patch prints patch collection name and patch subname
Hovering over a patch highlights all patches of that collection by changing their edge color to black
Note: For my applications, the overlap is not relevant, thus only one object's name is displayed at a time. Feel free to extend to multiple objects if you wish, it is not too hard.
Usage
fig, ax = plt.subplots(tight_layout=True)
ap = annotated_patches(fig, ax)
ap.add_patches('Azure', 'circle', 'blue', np.random.uniform(0, 1, (4,2)), 'ABCD', 0.1)
ap.add_patches('Lava', 'rect', 'red', np.random.uniform(0, 1, (3,2)), 'EFG', 0.1, 0.05)
ap.add_patches('Emerald', 'rect', 'green', np.random.uniform(0, 1, (3,2)), 'HIJ', 0.05, 0.1)
plt.axis('equal')
plt.axis('off')
plt.show()
Implementation
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as mpatches
from matplotlib.collections import PatchCollection
np.random.seed(1)
class annotated_patches:
def __init__(self, fig, ax):
self.fig = fig
self.ax = ax
self.annot = self.ax.annotate("", xy=(0,0),
xytext=(20,20),
textcoords="offset points",
bbox=dict(boxstyle="round", fc="w"),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))
self.annot.set_visible(False)
self.collectionsDict = {}
self.coordsDict = {}
self.namesDict = {}
self.isActiveDict = {}
self.motionCallbackID = self.fig.canvas.mpl_connect("motion_notify_event", self.hover)
def add_patches(self, groupName, kind, color, xyCoords, names, *params):
if kind=='circle':
circles = [mpatches.Circle(xy, *params, ec="none") for xy in xyCoords]
thisCollection = PatchCollection(circles, facecolor=color, alpha=0.5, edgecolor=None)
ax.add_collection(thisCollection)
elif kind == 'rect':
rectangles = [mpatches.Rectangle(xy, *params, ec="none") for xy in xyCoords]
thisCollection = PatchCollection(rectangles, facecolor=color, alpha=0.5, edgecolor=None)
ax.add_collection(thisCollection)
else:
raise ValueError('Unexpected kind', kind)
self.collectionsDict[groupName] = thisCollection
self.coordsDict[groupName] = xyCoords
self.namesDict[groupName] = names
self.isActiveDict[groupName] = False
def update_annot(self, groupName, patchIdxs):
self.annot.xy = self.coordsDict[groupName][patchIdxs[0]]
self.annot.set_text(groupName + ': ' + self.namesDict[groupName][patchIdxs[0]])
# Set edge color
self.collectionsDict[groupName].set_edgecolor('black')
self.isActiveDict[groupName] = True
def hover(self, event):
vis = self.annot.get_visible()
updatedAny = False
if event.inaxes == self.ax:
for groupName, collection in self.collectionsDict.items():
cont, ind = collection.contains(event)
if cont:
self.update_annot(groupName, ind["ind"])
self.annot.set_visible(True)
self.fig.canvas.draw_idle()
updatedAny = True
else:
if self.isActiveDict[groupName]:
collection.set_edgecolor(None)
self.isActiveDict[groupName] = True
if (not updatedAny) and vis:
self.annot.set_visible(False)
self.fig.canvas.draw_idle()
If you want to insert a small plot inside a bigger one you can use Axes, like here.
The problem is that I don't know how to do the same inside a subplot.
I have several subplots and I would like to plot a small plot inside each subplot.
The example code would be something like this:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
for i in range(4):
ax = fig.add_subplot(2,2,i)
ax.plot(np.arange(11),np.arange(11),'b')
#b = ax.axes([0.7,0.7,0.2,0.2])
#it gives an error, AxesSubplot is not callable
#b = plt.axes([0.7,0.7,0.2,0.2])
#plt.plot(np.arange(3),np.arange(3)+11,'g')
#it plots the small plot in the selected position of the whole figure, not inside the subplot
Any ideas?
I wrote a function very similar to plt.axes. You could use it for plotting yours sub-subplots. There is an example...
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
#def add_subplot_axes(ax,rect,facecolor='w'): # matplotlib 2.0+
def add_subplot_axes(ax,rect,axisbg='w'):
fig = plt.gcf()
box = ax.get_position()
width = box.width
height = box.height
inax_position = ax.transAxes.transform(rect[0:2])
transFigure = fig.transFigure.inverted()
infig_position = transFigure.transform(inax_position)
x = infig_position[0]
y = infig_position[1]
width *= rect[2]
height *= rect[3] # <= Typo was here
#subax = fig.add_axes([x,y,width,height],facecolor=facecolor) # matplotlib 2.0+
subax = fig.add_axes([x,y,width,height],axisbg=axisbg)
x_labelsize = subax.get_xticklabels()[0].get_size()
y_labelsize = subax.get_yticklabels()[0].get_size()
x_labelsize *= rect[2]**0.5
y_labelsize *= rect[3]**0.5
subax.xaxis.set_tick_params(labelsize=x_labelsize)
subax.yaxis.set_tick_params(labelsize=y_labelsize)
return subax
def example1():
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
rect = [0.2,0.2,0.7,0.7]
ax1 = add_subplot_axes(ax,rect)
ax2 = add_subplot_axes(ax1,rect)
ax3 = add_subplot_axes(ax2,rect)
plt.show()
def example2():
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
axes = []
subpos = [0.2,0.6,0.3,0.3]
x = np.linspace(-np.pi,np.pi)
for i in range(4):
axes.append(fig.add_subplot(2,2,i))
for axis in axes:
axis.set_xlim(-np.pi,np.pi)
axis.set_ylim(-1,3)
axis.plot(x,np.sin(x))
subax1 = add_subplot_axes(axis,subpos)
subax2 = add_subplot_axes(subax1,subpos)
subax1.plot(x,np.sin(x))
subax2.plot(x,np.sin(x))
if __name__ == '__main__':
example2()
plt.show()
You can now do this with matplotlibs inset_axes method (see docs):
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid.inset_locator import inset_axes
inset_axes = inset_axes(parent_axes,
width="30%", # width = 30% of parent_bbox
height=1., # height : 1 inch
loc=3)
Update: As Kuti pointed out, for matplotlib version 2.1 or above, you should change the import statement to:
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import inset_axes
There is now also a full example showing all different options available.
From matplotlib 3.0 on, you can use matplotlib.axes.Axes.inset_axes:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig, axes = plt.subplots(2,2)
for ax in axes.flat:
ax.plot(np.arange(11),np.arange(11))
ins = ax.inset_axes([0.7,0.7,0.2,0.2])
plt.show()
The difference to mpl_toolkits.axes_grid.inset_locator.inset_axes mentionned in #jrieke's answer is that this is a lot easier to use (no extra imports etc.), but has the drawback of being slightly less flexible (no argument for padding or corner locations).
source: https://matplotlib.org/examples/pylab_examples/axes_demo.html
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid.inset_locator import inset_axes
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# create some data to use for the plot
dt = 0.001
t = np.arange(0.0, 10.0, dt)
r = np.exp(-t[:1000]/0.05) # impulse response
x = np.random.randn(len(t))
s = np.convolve(x, r)[:len(x)]*dt # colored noise
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 4),facecolor='white')
ax = fig.add_subplot(121)
# the main axes is subplot(111) by default
plt.plot(t, s)
plt.axis([0, 1, 1.1*np.amin(s), 2*np.amax(s)])
plt.xlabel('time (s)')
plt.ylabel('current (nA)')
plt.title('Subplot 1: \n Gaussian colored noise')
# this is an inset axes over the main axes
inset_axes = inset_axes(ax,
width="50%", # width = 30% of parent_bbox
height=1.0, # height : 1 inch
loc=1)
n, bins, patches = plt.hist(s, 400, normed=1)
#plt.title('Probability')
plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])
ax = fig.add_subplot(122)
# the main axes is subplot(111) by default
plt.plot(t, s)
plt.axis([0, 1, 1.1*np.amin(s), 2*np.amax(s)])
plt.xlabel('time (s)')
plt.ylabel('current (nA)')
plt.title('Subplot 2: \n Gaussian colored noise')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()