Since I cant use rownum in the query, how can i use rowid to get result from 2nd row until 4th row using rowid or other possible solution apart from rownum.
Here is my current query where it will retrieve 2nd and 4th row:
SELECT * FROM Record a
WHERE
2 = (SELECT COUNT (rowid)
FROM Record b
WHERE a.rowid >= b.rowid)
UNION
SELECT * FROM Record a
WHERE
4 = (SELECT COUNT (rowid)
FROM Record c
WHERE a.rowid >= c.rowid);
Maybe there are other better ways to do it? TQ
If you can't use rownum, then use row_number():
SELECT a.*
FROM (SELECT a.*, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY rowid) as seqnum
FROM Record a
) a
WHERE seqnum BETWEEN 2 and 4;
Note: The ?? is for an ordering column. SQL tables represent unordered sets, so there is no concept of a first row or a second row, except in reference to an ordering column. You can use rowid for this purpose.
In Oracle 12c, you would use OFFSET/FETCH:
SELECT a.*
FROM Record a
OFFSET 1 ROWS
FETCH FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY;
I should point out that you can use rownum. You just can't do:
SELECT a.*
FROM Record a
WHERE rownum BETWEEN 2 and 4;
You can use it in a subquery:
SELECT a.*
FROM (SELECT a.*, rownum as seqnum
FROM Record a
) a
WHERE seqnum BETWEEN 2 and 4;
Do note that without an ORDER BY, there is no guarantee that the results come back in any order, including rowid order.
If you want to avoid rownum and row_number, use sum:
select *
from (
select sum(1) over ( order by rowid /* or whatever you need */ ) as rn,
r.*
from record
)
where rn between 2 and 4
The trick is only in the fact that here sum(1) gives the same thing than count(1) or count(rowid) or whatever count on a not null value, and this is the same thing than counting the rows with row_number or rownum.
In this way you use the sum to compute a row_number, without explicitly writing 'row_number' or 'rownum'.
SQL> create table testTab(x) as ( select level from dual connect by level <= 6);
Table created.
SQL> select t.*,
2 count(1) over (order by rowid desc) as count,
3 sum(1) over (order by rowid desc) as sum,
4 row_number() over (order by rowid desc) as rowNumber
5 from testTab t;
X COUNT SUM ROWNUMBER
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
6 1 1 1
5 2 2 2
4 3 3 3
3 4 4 4
2 5 5 5
1 6 6 6
The external query simply applies the filter.
With Oracle 12c, you can now easily do row limiting. In your scenario you can do something like this:
SELECT *
FROM RECORD
OFFSET 1 ROWS FETCH NEXT 1 ROWS ONLY
UNION
SELECT *
FROM RECORD
OFFSET 3 ROWS FETCH NEXT 1 ROWS ONLY
Related
Is there a way to make an Oracle query behave like it contains a MySQL limit clause?
In MySQL, I can do this:
select *
from sometable
order by name
limit 20,10
to get the 21st to the 30th rows (skip the first 20, give the next 10). The rows are selected after the order by, so it really starts on the 20th name alphabetically.
In Oracle, the only thing people mention is the rownum pseudo-column, but it is evaluated before order by, which means this:
select *
from sometable
where rownum <= 10
order by name
will return a random set of ten rows ordered by name, which is not usually what I want. It also doesn't allow for specifying an offset.
You can use a subquery for this like
select *
from
( select *
from emp
order by sal desc )
where ROWNUM <= 5;
Have also a look at the topic On ROWNUM and limiting results at Oracle/AskTom for more information.
Update:
To limit the result with both lower and upper bounds things get a bit more bloated with
select * from
( select a.*, ROWNUM rnum from
( <your_query_goes_here, with order by> ) a
where ROWNUM <= :MAX_ROW_TO_FETCH )
where rnum >= :MIN_ROW_TO_FETCH;
(Copied from specified AskTom-article)
Update 2:
Starting with Oracle 12c (12.1) there is a syntax available to limit rows or start at offsets.
SELECT *
FROM sometable
ORDER BY name
OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY;
See this answer for more examples. Thanks to Krumia for the hint.
Starting from Oracle 12c R1 (12.1), there is a row limiting clause. It does not use familiar LIMIT syntax, but it can do the job better with more options. You can find the full syntax here. (Also read more on how this works internally in Oracle in this answer).
To answer the original question, here's the query:
SELECT *
FROM sometable
ORDER BY name
OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY;
(For earlier Oracle versions, please refer to other answers in this question)
Examples:
Following examples were quoted from linked page, in the hope of preventing link rot.
Setup
CREATE TABLE rownum_order_test (
val NUMBER
);
INSERT ALL
INTO rownum_order_test
SELECT level
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level <= 10;
COMMIT;
What's in the table?
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val;
VAL
----------
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
20 rows selected.
Get first N rows
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY;
VAL
----------
10
10
9
9
8
5 rows selected.
Get first N rows, if Nth row has ties, get all the tied rows
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS WITH TIES;
VAL
----------
10
10
9
9
8
8
6 rows selected.
Top x% of rows
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
FETCH FIRST 20 PERCENT ROWS ONLY;
VAL
----------
1
1
2
2
4 rows selected.
Using an offset, very useful for pagination
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
OFFSET 4 ROWS FETCH NEXT 4 ROWS ONLY;
VAL
----------
3
3
4
4
4 rows selected.
You can combine offset with percentages
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
OFFSET 4 ROWS FETCH NEXT 20 PERCENT ROWS ONLY;
VAL
----------
3
3
4
4
4 rows selected.
I did some performance testing for the following approaches:
Asktom
select * from (
select a.*, ROWNUM rnum from (
<select statement with order by clause>
) a where rownum <= MAX_ROW
) where rnum >= MIN_ROW
Analytical
select * from (
<select statement with order by clause>
) where myrow between MIN_ROW and MAX_ROW
Short Alternative
select * from (
select statement, rownum as RN with order by clause
) where a.rn >= MIN_ROW and a.rn <= MAX_ROW
Results
Table had 10 million records, sort was on an unindexed datetime row:
Explain plan showed same value for all three selects (323168)
But the winner is AskTom (with analytic following close behind)
Selecting first 10 rows took:
AskTom: 28-30 seconds
Analytical: 33-37 seconds
Short alternative: 110-140 seconds
Selecting rows between 100,000 and 100,010:
AskTom: 60 seconds
Analytical: 100 seconds
Selecting rows between 9,000,000 and 9,000,010:
AskTom: 130 seconds
Analytical: 150 seconds
An analytic solution with only one nested query:
SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT t.*, Row_Number() OVER (ORDER BY name) MyRow FROM sometable t
)
WHERE MyRow BETWEEN 10 AND 20;
Rank() could be substituted for Row_Number() but might return more records than you are expecting if there are duplicate values for name.
SQL Standard
Since version 12c Oracle supports the SQL:2008 Standard, which provides the following syntax to limit the SQL result set:
SELECT
title
FROM
post
ORDER BY
id DESC
FETCH FIRST 50 ROWS ONLY
Oracle 11g and older versions
Prior to version 12c, to fetch the Top-N records, you had to use a derived table and the ROWNUM pseudocolumn:
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT
title
FROM
post
ORDER BY
id DESC
)
WHERE ROWNUM <= 50
On Oracle 12c (see row limiting clause in SQL reference):
SELECT *
FROM sometable
ORDER BY name
OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY;
Pagination queries with ordering are really tricky in Oracle.
Oracle provides a ROWNUM pseudocolumn that returns a number indicating the order in which the database selects the row from a table or set of joined views.
ROWNUM is a pseudocolumn that gets many people into trouble. A ROWNUM value is not permanently assigned to a row (this is a common misunderstanding). It may be confusing when a ROWNUM value is actually assigned. A ROWNUM value is assigned to a row after it passes filter predicates of the query but before query aggregation or sorting.
What is more, a ROWNUM value is incremented only after it is assigned.
This is why the followin query returns no rows:
select *
from (select *
from some_table
order by some_column)
where ROWNUM <= 4 and ROWNUM > 1;
The first row of the query result does not pass ROWNUM > 1 predicate, so ROWNUM does not increment to 2. For this reason, no ROWNUM value gets greater than 1, consequently, the query returns no rows.
Correctly defined query should look like this:
select *
from (select *, ROWNUM rnum
from (select *
from skijump_results
order by points)
where ROWNUM <= 4)
where rnum > 1;
Find out more about pagination queries in my articles on Vertabelo blog:
Oracle ROWNUM Explained
Top-N and pagination queries
As an extension of accepted answer Oracle internally uses ROW_NUMBER/RANK functions. OFFSET FETCH syntax is a syntax sugar.
It could be observed by using DBMS_UTILITY.EXPAND_SQL_TEXT procedure:
Preparing sample:
CREATE TABLE rownum_order_test (
val NUMBER
);
INSERT ALL
INTO rownum_order_test
SELECT level
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level <= 10;
COMMIT;
Query:
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY;
is regular:
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL" DESC ) "rowlimit_$$_rownumber"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber"<=5 ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0" DESC;
db<>fiddle demo
Fetching expanded SQL text:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
WITH TIES is expanded as RANK:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS WITH TIES',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
RANK() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL" DESC ) "rowlimit_$$_rank"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rank"<=5 ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0" DESC
and offset:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
OFFSET 4 ROWS FETCH NEXT 4 ROWS ONLY',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL") "rowlimit_$$_rownumber"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber"<=CASE WHEN (4>=0) THEN FLOOR(TO_NUMBER(4))
ELSE 0 END +4 AND "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber">4
ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0"
With 21c version, you can simple apply a limit as follows:
select * from course where ROWNUM <=10;
Less SELECT statements. Also, less performance consuming. Credits to: anibal#upf.br
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT t.*,
rownum AS rn
FROM shhospede t) a
WHERE a.rn >= in_first
AND a.rn <= in_first;
I'v started preparing for Oracle 1z0-047 exam, validated against 12c
While prepping for it i came across a 12c enhancement known as 'FETCH FIRST'
It enables you to fetch rows /limit rows as per your convenience.
Several options are available with it
- FETCH FIRST n ROWS ONLY
- OFFSET n ROWS FETCH NEXT N1 ROWS ONLY // leave the n rows and display next N1 rows
- n % rows via FETCH FIRST N PERCENT ROWS ONLY
Example:
Select * from XYZ a
order by a.pqr
FETCH FIRST 10 ROWS ONLY
For each row returned by a query, the ROWNUM pseudocolumn returns a number indicating the order in which Oracle selects the row from a table or set of joined rows. The first row selected has a ROWNUM of 1, the second has 2, and so on.
SELECT * FROM sometable1 so
WHERE so.id IN (
SELECT so2.id from sometable2 so2
WHERE ROWNUM <=5
)
AND ORDER BY so.somefield AND ROWNUM <= 100
I have implemented this in oracle server 11.2.0.1.0
select * FROM (SELECT
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY sal desc),* AS ROWID,
FROM EMP ) EMP where ROWID=5
greater then values find out
select * FROM (SELECT
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY sal desc),* AS ROWID,
FROM EMP ) EMP where ROWID>5
less then values find out
select * FROM (SELECT
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY sal desc),* AS ROWID,
FROM EMP ) EMP where ROWID=5
(untested) something like this may do the job
WITH
base AS
(
select * -- get the table
from sometable
order by name -- in the desired order
),
twenty AS
(
select * -- get the first 30 rows
from base
where rownum < 30
order by name -- in the desired order
)
select * -- then get rows 21 .. 30
from twenty
where rownum > 20
order by name -- in the desired order
There is also the analytic function rank, that you can use to order by.
I am trying to write a query which will return only the rows, which time has the greatest value for each id
Table: positions
id time otherCols...
---------- ----------- ----------
1 1
1 2
3 1
1 3
2 1
3 2
Result should look like:
id time otherCols...
---------- ----------- ----------
1 3
2 1
3 2
I tried grouping by id but I don't know how to sort after that and pick only the top result.
You can use MAX(..) KEEP (DENSE_RANK ..) OVER (PARTITION BY ..) analytic function without need of any subquery :
SELECT MAX(time) KEEP (DENSE_RANK LAST ORDER BY time)
OVER (PARTITION BY id) AS time_max,
p.*
FROM positions p
ORDER BY id
Demo
You can use window functions:
select t.*
from (select t.*,
row_number() over (partition by id order by time desc) as seqnum
from t
) t
where seqnum = 1;
An alternative method is a correlated subquery:
select t.*
from t
where t.time = (select max(t2.time) from t t2 where t2.id = t.id);
This is different from the first query in two respects:
If there are duplicate times for an id, then this returns all rows for an id. You can get that behavior using rank() in the first query.
This will not return NULL id values or ids where the time is uniformly NULL. The first query does.
If I have two columns - an ID field and a score field that can take 10 possible values, how can I select 5 random rows per ID? I know I can select 5 random rows from a table by using the following:
select *, rand() as idx
from mytable
order by idx fetch first 5 rows only
but how about 5 rows per ID?
You can do this using row_number():
select t.*
from (select t.*,
row_number() over (partition by idx order by rand()) as seqnum
from mytable t
) t
where seqnum <= 5;
Is there a way to make an Oracle query behave like it contains a MySQL limit clause?
In MySQL, I can do this:
select *
from sometable
order by name
limit 20,10
to get the 21st to the 30th rows (skip the first 20, give the next 10). The rows are selected after the order by, so it really starts on the 20th name alphabetically.
In Oracle, the only thing people mention is the rownum pseudo-column, but it is evaluated before order by, which means this:
select *
from sometable
where rownum <= 10
order by name
will return a random set of ten rows ordered by name, which is not usually what I want. It also doesn't allow for specifying an offset.
You can use a subquery for this like
select *
from
( select *
from emp
order by sal desc )
where ROWNUM <= 5;
Have also a look at the topic On ROWNUM and limiting results at Oracle/AskTom for more information.
Update:
To limit the result with both lower and upper bounds things get a bit more bloated with
select * from
( select a.*, ROWNUM rnum from
( <your_query_goes_here, with order by> ) a
where ROWNUM <= :MAX_ROW_TO_FETCH )
where rnum >= :MIN_ROW_TO_FETCH;
(Copied from specified AskTom-article)
Update 2:
Starting with Oracle 12c (12.1) there is a syntax available to limit rows or start at offsets.
SELECT *
FROM sometable
ORDER BY name
OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY;
See this answer for more examples. Thanks to Krumia for the hint.
Starting from Oracle 12c R1 (12.1), there is a row limiting clause. It does not use familiar LIMIT syntax, but it can do the job better with more options. You can find the full syntax here. (Also read more on how this works internally in Oracle in this answer).
To answer the original question, here's the query:
SELECT *
FROM sometable
ORDER BY name
OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY;
(For earlier Oracle versions, please refer to other answers in this question)
Examples:
Following examples were quoted from linked page, in the hope of preventing link rot.
Setup
CREATE TABLE rownum_order_test (
val NUMBER
);
INSERT ALL
INTO rownum_order_test
SELECT level
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level <= 10;
COMMIT;
What's in the table?
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val;
VAL
----------
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
20 rows selected.
Get first N rows
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY;
VAL
----------
10
10
9
9
8
5 rows selected.
Get first N rows, if Nth row has ties, get all the tied rows
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS WITH TIES;
VAL
----------
10
10
9
9
8
8
6 rows selected.
Top x% of rows
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
FETCH FIRST 20 PERCENT ROWS ONLY;
VAL
----------
1
1
2
2
4 rows selected.
Using an offset, very useful for pagination
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
OFFSET 4 ROWS FETCH NEXT 4 ROWS ONLY;
VAL
----------
3
3
4
4
4 rows selected.
You can combine offset with percentages
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
OFFSET 4 ROWS FETCH NEXT 20 PERCENT ROWS ONLY;
VAL
----------
3
3
4
4
4 rows selected.
I did some performance testing for the following approaches:
Asktom
select * from (
select a.*, ROWNUM rnum from (
<select statement with order by clause>
) a where rownum <= MAX_ROW
) where rnum >= MIN_ROW
Analytical
select * from (
<select statement with order by clause>
) where myrow between MIN_ROW and MAX_ROW
Short Alternative
select * from (
select statement, rownum as RN with order by clause
) where a.rn >= MIN_ROW and a.rn <= MAX_ROW
Results
Table had 10 million records, sort was on an unindexed datetime row:
Explain plan showed same value for all three selects (323168)
But the winner is AskTom (with analytic following close behind)
Selecting first 10 rows took:
AskTom: 28-30 seconds
Analytical: 33-37 seconds
Short alternative: 110-140 seconds
Selecting rows between 100,000 and 100,010:
AskTom: 60 seconds
Analytical: 100 seconds
Selecting rows between 9,000,000 and 9,000,010:
AskTom: 130 seconds
Analytical: 150 seconds
An analytic solution with only one nested query:
SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT t.*, Row_Number() OVER (ORDER BY name) MyRow FROM sometable t
)
WHERE MyRow BETWEEN 10 AND 20;
Rank() could be substituted for Row_Number() but might return more records than you are expecting if there are duplicate values for name.
SQL Standard
Since version 12c Oracle supports the SQL:2008 Standard, which provides the following syntax to limit the SQL result set:
SELECT
title
FROM
post
ORDER BY
id DESC
FETCH FIRST 50 ROWS ONLY
Oracle 11g and older versions
Prior to version 12c, to fetch the Top-N records, you had to use a derived table and the ROWNUM pseudocolumn:
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT
title
FROM
post
ORDER BY
id DESC
)
WHERE ROWNUM <= 50
On Oracle 12c (see row limiting clause in SQL reference):
SELECT *
FROM sometable
ORDER BY name
OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY;
Pagination queries with ordering are really tricky in Oracle.
Oracle provides a ROWNUM pseudocolumn that returns a number indicating the order in which the database selects the row from a table or set of joined views.
ROWNUM is a pseudocolumn that gets many people into trouble. A ROWNUM value is not permanently assigned to a row (this is a common misunderstanding). It may be confusing when a ROWNUM value is actually assigned. A ROWNUM value is assigned to a row after it passes filter predicates of the query but before query aggregation or sorting.
What is more, a ROWNUM value is incremented only after it is assigned.
This is why the followin query returns no rows:
select *
from (select *
from some_table
order by some_column)
where ROWNUM <= 4 and ROWNUM > 1;
The first row of the query result does not pass ROWNUM > 1 predicate, so ROWNUM does not increment to 2. For this reason, no ROWNUM value gets greater than 1, consequently, the query returns no rows.
Correctly defined query should look like this:
select *
from (select *, ROWNUM rnum
from (select *
from skijump_results
order by points)
where ROWNUM <= 4)
where rnum > 1;
Find out more about pagination queries in my articles on Vertabelo blog:
Oracle ROWNUM Explained
Top-N and pagination queries
As an extension of accepted answer Oracle internally uses ROW_NUMBER/RANK functions. OFFSET FETCH syntax is a syntax sugar.
It could be observed by using DBMS_UTILITY.EXPAND_SQL_TEXT procedure:
Preparing sample:
CREATE TABLE rownum_order_test (
val NUMBER
);
INSERT ALL
INTO rownum_order_test
SELECT level
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level <= 10;
COMMIT;
Query:
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY;
is regular:
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL" DESC ) "rowlimit_$$_rownumber"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber"<=5 ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0" DESC;
db<>fiddle demo
Fetching expanded SQL text:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
WITH TIES is expanded as RANK:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val DESC
FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS WITH TIES',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
RANK() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL" DESC ) "rowlimit_$$_rank"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rank"<=5 ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0" DESC
and offset:
declare
x VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(
input_sql_text => '
SELECT val
FROM rownum_order_test
ORDER BY val
OFFSET 4 ROWS FETCH NEXT 4 ROWS ONLY',
output_sql_text => x);
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end;
/
SELECT "A1"."VAL" "VAL"
FROM (SELECT "A2"."VAL" "VAL","A2"."VAL" "rowlimit_$_0",
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY "A2"."VAL") "rowlimit_$$_rownumber"
FROM "ROWNUM_ORDER_TEST" "A2") "A1"
WHERE "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber"<=CASE WHEN (4>=0) THEN FLOOR(TO_NUMBER(4))
ELSE 0 END +4 AND "A1"."rowlimit_$$_rownumber">4
ORDER BY "A1"."rowlimit_$_0"
With 21c version, you can simple apply a limit as follows:
select * from course where ROWNUM <=10;
Less SELECT statements. Also, less performance consuming. Credits to: anibal#upf.br
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT t.*,
rownum AS rn
FROM shhospede t) a
WHERE a.rn >= in_first
AND a.rn <= in_first;
I'v started preparing for Oracle 1z0-047 exam, validated against 12c
While prepping for it i came across a 12c enhancement known as 'FETCH FIRST'
It enables you to fetch rows /limit rows as per your convenience.
Several options are available with it
- FETCH FIRST n ROWS ONLY
- OFFSET n ROWS FETCH NEXT N1 ROWS ONLY // leave the n rows and display next N1 rows
- n % rows via FETCH FIRST N PERCENT ROWS ONLY
Example:
Select * from XYZ a
order by a.pqr
FETCH FIRST 10 ROWS ONLY
For each row returned by a query, the ROWNUM pseudocolumn returns a number indicating the order in which Oracle selects the row from a table or set of joined rows. The first row selected has a ROWNUM of 1, the second has 2, and so on.
SELECT * FROM sometable1 so
WHERE so.id IN (
SELECT so2.id from sometable2 so2
WHERE ROWNUM <=5
)
AND ORDER BY so.somefield AND ROWNUM <= 100
I have implemented this in oracle server 11.2.0.1.0
select * FROM (SELECT
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY sal desc),* AS ROWID,
FROM EMP ) EMP where ROWID=5
greater then values find out
select * FROM (SELECT
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY sal desc),* AS ROWID,
FROM EMP ) EMP where ROWID>5
less then values find out
select * FROM (SELECT
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY sal desc),* AS ROWID,
FROM EMP ) EMP where ROWID=5
(untested) something like this may do the job
WITH
base AS
(
select * -- get the table
from sometable
order by name -- in the desired order
),
twenty AS
(
select * -- get the first 30 rows
from base
where rownum < 30
order by name -- in the desired order
)
select * -- then get rows 21 .. 30
from twenty
where rownum > 20
order by name -- in the desired order
There is also the analytic function rank, that you can use to order by.
I have table with some data, for example
ID Specified TIN Value
----------------------
1 0 tin1 45
2 1 tin1 34
3 0 tin2 23
4 3 tin2 47
5 3 tin2 12
I need to get rows with all fields by MAX(Specified) column. And if I have few row with MAX column (in example ID 4 and 5) i must take last one (with ID 5)
finally the result must be
ID Specified TIN Value
-----------------------
2 1 tin1 34
5 3 tin2 12
This will give the desired result with using window function:
;with cte as(select *, row_number(partition by tin order by specified desc, id desc) as rn
from tablename)
select * from cte where rn = 1
Edit: Updated query after question edit.
Here is the fiddle
http://sqlfiddle.com/#!9/20e1b/1/0
SELECT * FROM TBL WHERE ID IN (
SELECT max(id) FROM
TBL WHERE SPECIFIED IN
(SELECT MAX(SPECIFIED) FROM TBL
GROUP BY TIN)
group by specified)
I am sure we can simplify it further, but this will work.
select * from tbl where id =(
SELECT MAX(ID) FROM
tbl where specified =(SELECT MAX(SPECIFIED) FROM tbl))
One method is to use window functions, row_number():
select t.*
from (select t.*, row_number() over (partition by tim
order by specified desc, id desc
) as seqnum
from t
) t
where seqnum = 1;
However, if you have an index on tin, specified id and on id, the most efficient method is:
select t.*
from t
where t.id = (select top 1 t2.id
from t t2
where t2.tin = t.tin
order by t2.specified desc, id desc
);
The reason this is better is that the index will be used for the subquery. Then the index will be used for the outer query as well. This is highly efficient. Although the index will be used for the window functions; the resulting execution plan probably requires scanning the entire table.