How to display columns as rows in a SQL query? - sql

Question

I'm trying to display exam results form simple database containing two tables tblStudents and tblExamResults.
tblstudents contains student ID and Full_Name columns
In tblexamResults columns are Student_id, Subject and Marks.
as in below Picture
1- Currently I am displaying Student results using this query
SELECT tblStudents.Full_Name, tblExamResults.Subject, tblExamResults.Marks
FROM tblExamResults INNER JOIN
tblStudents ON tblExamResults.Student_id = tblStudents.Student_ID
order by tblStudents.Full_Name
2 - And results looks like in the following picture:
3 - But what I want is to display each subject as row and get result of each subject below it
So that each student's result is displayed in the same row:
Student_Name sub1_result sub2_Result sub3_Result
Like in the following picture (Excel screenshot)
So:
How I can display data in that format?
Is that possible in SQL Server?

Answer 1

select fullname,[english] english, [history] history, [physics] physics
from
(
select fullname,subject,marks
from (yourquery)
) src
pivot
(
max(marks)
for subject in ([english], [history], [physics])
) piv;
or
DECLARE #cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
#query AS NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET #cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME(c.subject)
FROM (yourquery) c
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set #query = 'SELECT fullname, ' + #cols + ' from
(
select fullname,subject,marks
from (your query)
) x
pivot
(
max(marks)
for subject in (' + #cols + ')
) p '
execute(#query)
fullname english history physics
a 85 70 60
i 60 100 89
s 90 90 99

Answer 2

Finally I've used next part of #Chanukya Answer with little Changes
in that Answer i was getting error at line 5 becouse of parentheses in FROM (yourquery) c
Declare #query nvarchar(max);
DECLARE #cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET #cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME(c.subject)
FROM tblExamResults c ' parentheses Removed from (tblExamResults) c
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'');
print(#cols)
set #query = '
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT tblStudents.Full_Name, tblExamResults.Subject, tblExamResults.Marks
FROM tblExamResults INNER JOIN
tblStudents ON tblExamResults.Student_id = tblStudents.Student_ID
) as s
PIVOT
(
sum(marks) FOR subject IN ('+ #cols +')
)AS pvt'
;
execute(#query)