Installed SSL certificate, but when I goto my domain I have to include https:// before the URL - apache

Question

So I've been messing around with Apache, and I bought a SSL certificate. I finally got it installed, but now when I goto my domain with the URL (leethecoder.com) I assume it's trying to use HTTP? And my server, of course, with a SSL certificate is not listening on port 80. But, if I include https:// before the URL (https://leethecoder.com), it works. Is there a way I can make the server force the basic URL (leethecoder.com) goto port 443?
This is my current /sites-enabled/ configuration file.
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
Listen 443
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName www.leethecoder.com
ServerAlias www.leethecoder.com leethecoder.com
Options -Indexes
DocumentRoot /var/www/leethecoder.com/public_html/
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/leethecoder.com/leethecoder_com.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/sslkey.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/leethecoder.com/foobundle.ca-bundle
ErrorLog /var/www/leethecoder.com/logs/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

Answer 1

IMO, this is "properly" (you're currently an A-, the below might help to get an A+):
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName leethecoder.com
ServerAlias *.leethecoder.com
UseCanonicalName Off
ErrorLog /var/www/leethecoder.com/logs/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
RedirectPermanent / https://leethecoder.com/
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName www.leethecoder.com
UseCanonicalName Off
SSLEngine on
SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
SSLHonorCipherOrder on
SSLCipherSuite "-ALL EECDH+ECDSA+AESGCM EECDH+aRSA+AESGCM EDH+aRSA+AESGCM EECDH+ECDSA+AES EECDH+aRSA+AES EDH+aRSA+AES RSA+3DES"
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/leethecoder.com/leethecoder_com.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/sslkey.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/leethecoder.com/foobundle.ca-bundle
ErrorLog /var/www/leethecoder.com/logs/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
RedirectPermanent / https://leethecoder.com/
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName leethecoder.com
UseCanonicalName Off
ErrorLog /var/www/leethecoder.com/logs/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
DocumentRoot /var/www/leethecoder.com/public_html
<Directory /var/www/leethecoder.com/public_html/>
Allow From All
</Directory>
SSLEngine on
SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
SSLHonorCipherOrder on
SSLCipherSuite "-ALL EECDH+ECDSA+AESGCM EECDH+aRSA+AESGCM EDH+aRSA+AESGCM EECDH+ECDSA+AES EECDH+aRSA+AES EDH+aRSA+AES RSA+3DES"
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/leethecoder.com/leethecoder_com.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/sslkey.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/leethecoder.com/foobundle.ca-bundle
</VirtualHost>
This is, of course, assuming that your variables are valid, you prefer the https without the www, and that you're OK for your clients to use that cipher suite. Also, that you've enabled the site, and disabled any other conflicting sites.

Answer 2

Proper way to do it -- secure way -- is to use the apache virtual host redirect:
<virtualhost *:80="">
ServerName www.example.com
Redirect / https://www.example.com/
</virtualhost>
<virtualhost *:443="">
ServerName www.example.com
# ... SSL configuration goes here
</virtualhost>
Or you need to use mod_rewrite to return an HTTP_RESPONSE 301 for redirect to your HTTPS site.
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
RewriteRule (.*) https://%{SERVER_NAME}/%$1 [R,L]
Also you need to listen port 80.
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html